• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.699-703
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the parental consultations, patients' age and consulters. Also it was to improve the tendency of consultation homepage The subjects were 2485 questions on Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Homepage except deleted questions which were not related with consultations. The examined contents were categorized into patients' age, counseling contents, consulters. The results were as follows: 1. Patients mostly belonged to preschool children(64.29%). 2. In the subjects, questions were mostly about growth and development, restorative and pulp treatment. 3. In the subdivided subjects, great part of questions were about tooth eruption, restorative and pulp treatment and trauma. 4. The 93.72% of consulters were mothers. 5. We should reinforce with FAQ about growth and development, restorative and pulp treatment and trauma. Also we should improve on quality of information and childcare related contents and Homepage related pediatric dentistry.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.266-275
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of anatomical predisposing factors on the development of furcation involvement. Root trunk length, root divergency angle, buccal root trunk concavity and cervical enamel projection of the mandibular 1st and 2nd molars with(l03 teeth) and without(42 teeth) furcation involvement and enamel projection were classified by Lindhe's degree and Masters's classification, respectively, and buccal root trunk concavity was examined by probing. Statistical analysis was performed by means of ANOVA and CHI-SQUARE test in Microstat. The obtained results were as follows : 1. Root trunk length was longer in teeth without furcation involvement($4.20{\pm}1.05mm$) than teeth with furcation involvement(I : $3.62{\pm}0.68mm$, II : $3.64{\pm}0.86mm$, III: $3.61{\pm}0.74mm$)(p<0.05), but there was fno significant difference among furcation involvement group according to the degree of furcation involvement(p0>.05). 2. The root divergency angle was wider in teeth with furcation involvement(I : $53.14^0{\pm}15.11^0$, II : $44.82^0{\pm}14.26^0$, III : $52.69^0{\pm}16.09^0$) than teeth without furcation involvement($34.81^0{\pm}16.57^0$(p<0.05). 3. The group of teeth without furcation involvement showed significantly hign percentage of teeth without buccal root concavity, and the group of teeth with furcation involvement showed significantly hign percentage of teeth with buccal root concavity(p<0.05) 4. The group of teeth without furcation involvement showed higher percentage of teeth with grade I cervical enamel projection, teeth with furcation involvement I or II defect showed higher percentage of teeth with grade II enamel projection, and teeth with furcation involvement III defect showed higher percentage of teeth with grade III enamel projection(p<0.05) The results suggest that short root trunk length, wide root divergency, buccal root concavity and well-developed enamel projection could affect development and progression of furcation involvement as anatomical predisposing factors of periodontal diseases.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.205-217
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to provide information on the development of an oral-health promotion program geared toward office workers. The subjects in this study were 240 employees at the headquarters of S construction company. After a survey was conducted in July and August 2008, the answer sheets from 208 respondents were gathered, and 191 answer sheets were analyzed except 17 unanalyzable ones. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. In regard to subjective oral health status, the largest number of the participants that accounted for 37.2% found their mouth to be neither healthy nor unhealthy. The greatest number of them that represented 58.1% had never visited a dentist's office to receive preventive treatment. 2. Regarding relationship between toothbrushing education experience and toothbrushing frequency, the most common toothbrushing frequency was three times a day( 46.5%) among the company employees who had ever received that education. In the event of the office workers without that experience, the most prevalent frequency was three times(63.6%). The toothbrushing frequency was statistically significantly different according to the toothbrushing education experience(p<0.05). As to the relationship of toothbrushing education experience to tooth- brushing method, the largest number(48.2%) of those who had ever received that education brushed their upper and lower teeth along with the gums by rotating the toothbrush downward from the top and upward from the bottom respectively. In the event of the office workers without that experience, 49.4 percent brushed their teeth and gums by rotating the toothbrush up and down. Thus, whether they had ever received education about toothbrushing made a statistically significant difference to their toothbrushing method(p<0.05). 3. As a result of evaluating their oral health belief by utilizing a five-point scale, they got a mean of 2.95. In each area of oral health belief, they got the best marks in benefit(3.66), salience(3.42), barrier(2.84), susceptility(2.58) and seriousness(2.23). Given the above-mentioned finding of the study, two sorts of oral health beliefs, which are benefit and salience, should be stressed in the development of oral health education programs that cater to company employees. And sustained research efforts should be channeled into finding out the relationship between oral health and actual oral health care.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5020-5028
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of awareness of oral health on oral health status and oral health behavior with subjects of students in the middle school which is the important period when lifetime set of teeth is completed with eruption of the second molar tooth and complete set of permanent teeth, and provide the basic data for development of oral health program for adolescents. We examined oral condition and conducted the survey about students' awareness of oral health and behavior in the middle school located in JeonJu. As the results of oral examination, dental caries and malocclusion were higher in female students and periodontal disease was higher in male students (p < 0.038). There was no significant difference in awareness of oral health between male and female students. However, M = 4.08 out of 5 point scale, which was high. For oral health behaviors, female students (M = 4.508) was higher than male students (M = 4.257) in the question of 'I visit the dental office when my gums are bleeding'. Female students (M = 4.547) was higher than male students (M = 4.333) in the question of 'I use the dental floss after brushing my teeth'(p<0.05). Awareness of oral health gave the significant effect on the oral health behavior at 95 % confidence level. Therefore, the education for oral health behavior is required to improve oral health and studies are needed to present the development of program for awareness and knowledge of oral health affecting behavior.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.270-277
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• 2002

Since founded in 1959, it's well known that the KAPD has pioneered in the researches and clinical aspects of pediatric dentistry in Korea. It's official journal, the Journal of the KAPD, was first published in 1974 and has pressed total 956 articles up to now(March, 2001). In this study, all the articles pressed in this journal have been surveyed, focussing in their main theme, their chronological and thematic distribution. The thematic classification was made with the reference of the previous studies and renowned textbooks in pediatric dentistry. And we obtained the results as follows: 1. The researches on dental materials and dental equipments have shown continuous increase throughout the period. 2. The researches on dental caries, caries prevention and systemic disorders have occupied relatively high proportion consistently. 3. The researches on malocclusions and cysts/minor surgery have shown increasing tendency in the second period, but are decreasing in the third period. 4. The researches on craniofacial growth/development, tooth development/eruption, developmental disorders of teeth, management of eruption space have shown decreasing tendency. 5. The researches on behavioral research, oral habits, occlusion of primary-mixed dentition have shown very low proportion, reaching no more than 1% throughout the period.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.255-260
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching agent on the changes in physical and chemical characteristics of tooth. The bleached teeth showed an apparent color changes. The whiteness increased linearly within the tested period as the period of bleaching increased. The microhardness between bleached groups after bleaching showed any statistically significant difference according to the paried t-test. The bleached enamel surface showed any apparent morphological changes compared to the enamel which was stored in distilled water only. The difference of the total mineral contents for the distilled water and hydrogen peroxide did not show statistical significance. These results demonstrated that bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide were adversely affects application time of experimental group and may confirm the safety of using these agents for a short time in dentist-monitored bleaching.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.531-536
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• 2005

Infraclusion may be defined as teeth that stop their relative occlusal movement in the dental arches during or after the period of active eruption and then remain under the occlusal plane. Delayed exfoliation, malocclusion, increased susceptibility to dental caries and periodontal disease of both the neighboring teeth and retained molar, and dislocation of the successor are the consequencces of infraclusion of primary molars. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate treatments are necessary. The therapeutic approach of the infracluded teeth varied from preservation to extraction. The teeth with simple infraclusion without any signs of interference with occlusal and jaw development may be examined periodically with follow-up check and radiographically. However, if the infracluded tooth interferes with normal eruption of successor or shows any sign of delayed resorption, or the tipping of adjacent teeth or supraeruption of opposing teeth is expected, the teeth inflicted should be extracted and appropriate measures should be provided in order to maintain the normal development of occlusion and dentition. The adjacent teeth which have been collapsed over a infracluded deciduous teeth can disturb the arch length perimeter. In such cases, surgical approach might be necessary, although it would be difficult when teeth are severly leaned. However, an easier surgical access have been obtained by space regaining procedures, in young patients whose arch length has been shortened due to the infracluded teeth.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.157-175
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• 2007

This study was conducted through an interview process in which questionnaires were administered to 293 people. The questionnaires related to the behaviors of oral hygiene care, and disease history related to halitosis, and status of halitosis, halitosis measurement, oral examination, and caries activity tests such as the snyder test, Salivary flow rate test, and Salivary buffering capacity test. Our sample was taken from 293 rural residents within the period from 4th to 21st of January 2006. This was done in order to provide basic data to prepare both policies of halitosis prevention and a device to efficiently measure halitosis status and investigate the factors related therein. The major findings of this study results are as follows: 1. As for frequency of tooth brushing, twice a day occupied the greatest portion at 46.1 % Women exceeded men in frequency of tooth brushing. Tongue brushing everyday produced a 25.6 % result among subjects and The use of auxiliary oral hygiene devices occupied 9.2 %. 2. As for degree of usual self-awareness of halitosis: 62.5 %. This result also demonstrate that the severest time of self-awareness in regards to halitosis is wake up time in the morning. The time period produced the highest portion of 72.7 % in times of self-awareness. In terms of the area in which halitosis was observed, gum resulted in 23.0 %. As for types of halitosis, fetid smell was the most frequent at 37.2 %. 3. As for the result of halitosis measurement, values of OG less than 50 ppm occupied 54.3 % and $50{\sim}100ppm$ occupied 41.6 %. As for $NH_3$ values, $20{\sim}60ppm$ showed the highest value range of 52.6 %. 4. As for OG per disease history related to halitosis, values of OG were significantly high in the ranges of $50{\sim}100ppm$ within family history groups of food impaction by dental caries, diabetes mellitus and halitosis. As for values of $NH_3$, there showed a significant difference in respiratory system disease groups. 5 Value range of OG per ordinary halitosis self-awareness degree: values ranging less than 50 ppm were recorded at 55.9 % from the group realizing not aware of smell. 57.5 % from groups only realizing sometimes, while values range of $50{\sim}100ppm$ were recorded at 52.0 % from groups always aware of smell. 63.6 % from groups always strongly aware of smell. Meanwhile as for the values ranges of $NH_3$, $20{\sim}60ppm$. they occupied high portions for all groups of exams. 6. Values of OG per oral examination: the more pulp-exposed teeth and food impaction and the higher the tongue plaque index, values of OG increased within the range of $50{\sim}100ppm$. As for values of $NH_3$, the more prosthetic teeth and the higher the tongue plaque index, this value increased significantly, and the values increased up to no less than 60 ppm for groups of mandibular partial denture. 7. Within the realm of caries activity test: as for the Snyder test, high activity was highest by 43.0 % wherewith the higher the activity of acidogenic bacteria the higher the OG values. As for the salivary flow rate test, the number of cases below 8.0 ml showed the highest tendency by 62.5 %. The larger the salivary flow rate the more decreased OG values distribution. As for the salivary buffering capacity test, $6{\sim}10$ drops of 0.1N lactic acid showed the overwhelming trend by 58.7 % whereby the higher the salivary buffering capacity the greater distribution occupancy ratio of OG values below 50 ppm which is scentless to on ordinary person. 8. As for the correlation between oral environment and halitosis, OG showed the positive correlation with pulp exposed teeth, filled teeth, present teeth, tongue plaque index, and food impaction, while the negative correlation with salivary flow rate and prosthetic teeth. $NH_3$ showed a positive correlation with prosthetic teeth and frequency of tooth brushing, while decayed teeth was negative correlation. 9. As for the multiple regression analysis result, there have been selected female, pulp exposed teeth, prosthetic teeth, food impaction, salivary flow rate, tongue plaque index and severe activities in the Snyder test as factors affecting OG wherein explanatory power on it was 45.1 %. There have been selected females, pulp exposed teeth, tongue plaque index, and prosthetic teeth as factors affecting on $NH_3$ wherein explanatory power on it was 6.6 %. With the aforementioned results in mind, the status of halitosis among rural residents is considered to bare a close relation with oral environments and other factors related to halitosis such as the Snyder test from caries activity test, and salivary flow rate test. For the prevention of halitosis of residents in rural areas, we have to focus on correct tooth brushing methods and tongue brushing, with using auxiliary oral hygiene devices to remove fur of tongue plaque and food impaction. Also, when the cause and ingredients of halitosis are diverse and complex, in order to analyze exactly the factors of individual halitosis development, we need continuous and systematic study in order to provide rural residents with programs of oral hygiene education and encourage the use of dental hygienists in public health centers.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.5 s.64
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• pp.815-824
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to develop the basic algorithm for the finite element method modeling of individual malocclusions. Usually, a great deal of time is spent in preprocessing. To reduce the time required, we developed a standardized procedure for measuring the position of each tooth and a program to automatically preprocess. The following procedures were carried to complete this study. 1. Twenty-eight teeth morphologies were constructed three-dimensionally for the finite element analysis and saved as separate files. 2. Standard brackets were attached so that the FA points coincide with the center of the brackets. 3. The study model of a patient was made. 4. Using the study model, the crown inclination, angulation, and the vertical distance from the tip of a tooth was measured by using specially designed tools. 5. The arch form was determined from a picture of the model with an image processing technique. 6. The measured data were input as a rotational matrix. 7. The program provides an output file containing the necessary information about the three-dimensional position of teeth, which is applicable to several finite element programs commonly used. The program for a basic algorithm was made with Turbo-C and the subsequent outfile was applied to ANSYS. This standardized model measuring procedure and the program reduce the time required, especially for preprocessing and can be applied to other malocclusions easily.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.499-506
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• 1999

The odontoma is relatively a common benign odontogenic tumor and caused by overgrowth of odontogenic tissues. The recent classification by World Health Organization divides odontoma into 2 groups such as compound odontoma and complex odontoma. Compound odontoma comprises dental tissues, resembling the morphology of a tooth and has predilection for the anterior maxilla. In contrast, complex odontoma has unorganized mass, not resembling the normal tooth and has predilection for the posterior mandible. The etiology of odontoma is unknown and almost asymptomatic. So, it usually is found in routine radiographic examination, and most common presenting symptom is impacted or unerupted permanent teeth and retained primary teeth. It can occurs almost anywhere in jaws. It is desirable that odontoma should be removed by surgical enucleation including follicle and surrounding soft tissues. Considering the age and behavioral cooperation of patient, the development of permanent dentition, the location of odontoma in jaw, the need for the concomitant operative dentistry, operation is performed in outpatient department with/without sedation or under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. In this case report, 2 patients with compound odontoma were treated by surgical enucleation including follicle and surrounding soft tissues. One patient, about 5 years old, was treated under general anesthesia and concomitant operative dentistry was performed. The other patient, about 11 years old, was treated under local anesthesia in outpatient department. In 2 cases, after 4 months, surgical defects were filled with new bone and normalization of eruption path of impacted permanent teeth was observed.