• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.35-56
• /
• 1990

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.840-846
• /
• 2021

To improve the bile salt and acid tolerance of probiotics against gastrointestinal stresses, we investigated the effects of soybean lecithin and whey protein concentrate (WPC) 80 on the bile salt tolerance of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L9 using a single-factor methodology, which was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The survival rate of L. paracasei L9 treated with 0.3% (w/v) bile salt for 2.5 h, and combined with soybean lecithin or WPC 80, was lower than 1%. After optimization, the survival rate of L. paracasei L9 incubated in 0.3% bile salt for 2.5 h reached 52.5% at a ratio of 0.74% soybean lecithin and 2.54% WPC 80. Moreover, this optimized method improved the survival rate of L. paracasei L9 in low pH condition and can be applied to other lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains. Conclusively, the combination of soybean lecithin and WPC 80 significantly improved the bile salt and acid tolerance of LAB. Our study provides a novel approach for enhancing the gastrointestinal tolerance of LAB by combining food-derived components that have different properties.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.8
• /
• pp.879-886
• /
• 2012

The ultrasonic horn used for bonding of flip chip has been designed to vibrate at a natural frequency. The ultrasonic horn must be manufactured accurately in physical terms, because the small change of mechanical properties may result in the significant change of natural frequency. Therefore, tight tolerance is inevitable to keep the natural frequency in acceptable range. However, since tightening of the tolerance increases the manufacturing cost significantly, trade-off between the cost and accuracy is necessary. In this research, an attempt was made to design the ultra sonic horn within acceptable natural frequency while the manufacturing cost was kept as low as possible. For this purpose, among the 18 tolerances of physical terms of the ultrasonic horn, the most important 4 factors were selected using Taguchi method. The equation to relate those main factors and the natural frequency was made using response surface method. Finally, optimal design scheme for minimum manufacturing cost without a loss of performance was determined using SQP method.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.735-748
• /
• 2014

The fault-tolerance routing problem is one of the most important issues in the application of the Internet of Things, and has been attracting growing research interests. In order to maintain the communication paths from source sensors to the macronodes, we present a hybrid routing scheme and model, in which alternate paths are created once the previous routing is broken. Then, we propose an improved efficient and intelligent fault-tolerance algorithm (IEIFTA) to provide the fast routing recovery and reconstruct the network topology for path failure in the Internet of Things. In the IEIFTA, mutation direction of the particle is determined by multi-swarm evolution equation, and its diversity is improved by the immune mechanism, which can improve the ability of global search and improve the converging rate of the algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the IEIFTA-based fault-tolerance algorithm outperforms the EARQ algorithm and the SPSOA algorithm due to its ability of fast routing recovery mechanism and prolonging the lifetime of the Internet of Things.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 2004

This paper proposes a new immunotronic approach for the fault detection in hardware. The suggested method is, inspired by biology and its implementation is based on genetic algorithm. Tolerance conditions in the immunotronic system for fault detection correspond to the antibodies in the biological immune system. A novel algorithm of generating tolerance conditions is suggested based on the principle of the antibody diversity and GA optimization is employed to select mature tolerance conditions in immunotronic fault detection system. The suggested method is applied to the fault detection for MCNC benchmark FSMs (finite state machines) and its effectiveness is demonstrated by the computer simulation.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.97-117
• /
• 2002

We apply Taguchi method to the process optimization problem of chemical reaction process, and some case studies are done to find out the way for cost reduction and quality improvement The parameter and tolerance designs of Taguchi mettled are done with operation data of a chemical process and we propose a procedure how to use and analyze the operation data to find the optimal process conditions and tolerance limits. In order to use the continuous values in experiment conditions, it is suggested how to determine the interval of each level by discrete values and to treat any missing values caused from discrete 4 levels.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.1178-1191
• /
• 2014

The fault-tolerance routing problem is one of the most important issues in the application of the Internet of Things, and has been attracting growing research interests. In order to maintain the communication paths from source sensors to the macronodes, we present a hybrid routing scheme and model, in which alternate paths are created once the previous routing is broken. Then, we propose an improved efficient and intelligent fault-tolerance algorithm (IEIFTA) to provide the fast routing recovery and reconstruct the network topology for path failure in the Internet of Things. In the IEIFTA, mutation direction of the particle is determined by multi-swarm evolution equation, and its diversity is improved by the immune mechanism, which can improve the ability of global search and improve the converging rate of the algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the IEIFTA-based fault-tolerance algorithm outperforms the EARQ algorithm and the SPSOA algorithm due to its ability of fast routing recovery mechanism and prolonging the lifetime of the Internet of Things.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.417-428
• /
• 2008

Designers have to consider voice of customer, process capability, manufacturing standards & condition, manufacturing method, characteristics of products to decide tolerances. Especially, in case of position of hole and pin, designers have to consider process capability to decide tolerances. The traditional position tolerances used in a drawing are theoretical values which are allocated to position under the worst case assembling condition that both hole and pin are the maximum material condition(MMC). However, When the process capability is high, more exact product size can be produced under stable manufacturing condition. larger clearance of hole and pin can be allocated. In this point of view, manufacturer could increase the yield by allocating larger position tolerance than theoretical position tolerance of hole and pin considering process capability.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.75-85
• /
• 2009

Designers have to consider voice of customer, process capability, manufacturing standards & condition, manufacturing method and characteristics of products to decide tolerances. Especially, in case of position of hole and pin, designers have to consider process capability to decide tolerances. The traditional position tolerances used in a drawing are theoretical values which are allocated to position under the worst case assembling condition that both hole and pin are the maximum material condition(MMC). However, when the process capability is high, more exact product size can be produced under stable manufacturing condition. Larger clearance of hole and pin can be allocated. In this point of view, manufacturer could increase the yield by allocating larger position tolerance than theoretical position tolerance of hole and pin considering process capability.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.148-155
• /
• 2006

This paper presents a new method for assessing the efficiency of production process plans using tolerance chart to lower production cost. The tolerance chart is used to predict the accuracy of a part that is to be produced following the process plan, and to carry out the quantitative measurement on the efficiency of the process plan. By comparing the values of design tolerances and their corresponding resultant tolerances calculated using the tolerance chart, the process plan that is incapable of satisfying the design requirements and the faulty production operations can be identified. Similarly, the process plan that imposes unnecessarily high accuracy and wasteful production operations can also be identified. For the latter, a quantitative measure on the efficiency of the process plan is introduced. The higher the unnecessary cost of the production, the poor is the efficiency of the process plan. A coefficient is introduced for measuring the process plan efficiency. The coefficient also incorporates two weighting factors to reflect the difficulty of manufacturing operations and number of dimensional tolerances involved. To facilitate the identification of the machining operations and the machined surfaces, which are related to the unnecessarily tight resultant tolerances caused by the process plan, a rooted tree representation of the tolerance chart is introduced, and its use is demonstrated. An example is presented to illustrate the new method. This research introduces a new quantitative process plan evaluation method that may lead to the optimization of process plans.