• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-17
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• 1988

Titanium tetrachloride is purified using adsorption column packed with activated silica gel. When 120 ml of titanium tetrachloride was passed through an adsorption column filled with 7 g silica gel, iron content in titanium tetrachloride has been reduced from 7 ppm to less than 1 ppm, and aluminum from 46 ppm to 11 ppm, while silicon content being unchanged at about 60 ppm.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.254-260
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• 2024

This study is to manufacture a titanium dioxide (TiO₂) photocatalyst by recycling sludge generated using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) as a coagulant. Compared to general sewage, a TiCl₄ coagulant was applied to dyeing wastewater containing a large amount of non-degradable organic compounds to evaluate its performance. Then the generated sludge was dried and fired to prepare a photocatalyst (TFS). Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen oxide reduction experiments were conducted to analyze the surface properties and evaluate the photoactive ability of the prepared TFS. After using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) as a coagulant in the dyeing wastewater, the water quality characteristics were measured at 84 mg/L of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 10 mg/L of T-N, and 0.9 mg/L of T-P to satisfy the discharge water quality standards. The surface properties of the TFS were investigated and the anatase crystal structure was observed. It was confirmed that the ratio of Ti and O, the main components of TiO₂, accounted for more than 90 %. As a result of the nitric oxide (NO) reduction experiment, 1.56 uMol of NO was reduced to confirm a removal rate of 20.60 %. This is judged to be a photocatalytic performance similar to that of the existing P-25. Therefore, by applying TiCl₄ to the dyeing wastewater, it is possible to solve the problems of the existing coagulant and to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide generated, using an eco-friendly sludge treatment method. In addition, it is believed that environmental and economic advantages can be obtained by manufacturing TiO₂ at an eco-friendly and lower cost than before.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.166-169
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• 2018

$TiO_2$ nanoparticles were prepared under high temperature and pressure conditions by precipitation from titanium tetrachloride ($TiCl_4$) and titanium isopropoxide (TTIP). $TiO_2$ powders were obtained in the temperature range of $150^{\circ}C{\sim}190^{\circ}C$ for 4 h. The microstructure and phase of the synthesized particles were studied by TEM and XRD. TEM and X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the synthesized particles were crystalline. The average sizes of the synthesized particles from titanium tetrachloride and titanium isopropoxide were below 20 nm and 10 nm, respectively. The average size of the synthesized particles increased with increasing reaction temperature. The effects of synthesis parameters, such as the reaction temperature and pH value are discussed.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.408-414
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• 1974

사염화티탄과 피페리딘 및 디페닐아민의 반응을 반응생성물들을 분리하여 규명함으로써 설명하였다. 사염화티탄과 피페리딘은 부가반응과 치환반응이 다음과 같이 동시에 일어남을 알 수 있었다.$TiCl_4+C_5H_{10}NH{\to}TiCl_4{\cdot}C_5H_{10}NH$$TiCl_4+C_5H_{10}{\to}TiCl_3{\cdot}NC_5H_{10}+HCl$부가반응은 비교적 빨리 일어나며 수분내에 반응이 완결되는데 비하여 치환반응은 매우 느리게 일어난다. 위의 두 반응생성물을 모두 분리하여 화학분석결과와 핵자기공명 및 적외선 스펙트럼을 고찰 함으로써 완전히 규명하였다. 이들 반응생성물에는 모두 피페리딘의 염화수소염이 공침됨을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 디페닐아민의 경우, 위의 반응과 아주 비슷하게 일어나지만 부가반응 생성물은 순수하게 얻을 수 있었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.263-264
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• 2003

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제50권10호
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• pp.745-751
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• 2012

The Kroll process for magnesium reduction of titanium tetrachloride is used for mass production of titanium sponge. The present study was conducted in a lab scale reactor to develop a better understanding of the mechanism of titanium sponge formation in the Kroll reactor with respect to reaction degrees and the feeding rate of $TiCl_4$. The $MgCl_2$ produced during the initial stage of the reaction was not sunk into the molten magnesium, but covered the surface of the molten magnesium. As a result, subsequently fed $TiCl_4$ reacted with Mg exposed on the edge of molten $MgCl_2$ in the crucible. Therefore, titanium sponge grew toward the center of the crucible from the edge. The temperature of the molten magnesium increased remarkably with the increasing feeding rate of $TiCl_4$. Consequently, fed $TiCl_4$ reacted at the upper side of the crucible with evaporated Mg, and produced titanium on the upper surface of the crucible wall, which increased considerably with the feeding rate of $TiCl_4$.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.541-549
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• 1994

공침법으로 제조된 비정질 $PbTiO_{3}$전구체의 결정화거동과 구조적 변화를 XRD, 라만스펙트럼, TEM, RDF등으로 조사하였다. 전구체는 이온안정제로 $H_2O_2$혹은 $NH_4NO_3$를 사용하여 제조된 질산납과 사염화티탄의 혼합수용액으로부터 $45^{\circ}C$, pH 9에서 제조되었다. 이온안정제로 $H_2O_2$를 사용한 경우보다 $NH_4NO_3$를 사용하여 제조된 공침물이 더 낮은 온도에서 결정화가 시작되며 결정화의 활성화에너지도 더 작은 값을 가진다. 비정질의 공침물은 transient phase를 거쳐 결정 $PbTiO_{3}$로 변태된다. 비정질 상태의 평균 원자거리는 열처리온도의 증가에 따라 감소한다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.619-624
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• 2015

This study experimentally determined the effect of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) concentration ([TiCl₄]) (0.25-0.55 mM) and initial pH (3-11) on phosphorus (P) removal in synthetic wastewater (2 mg P/L). The P removal efficiency increased when [TiCl₄] increased. The P removal efficiency showed a parabolic trend with an inflection point at pH 7. At the molar ratio of TiCl₄ and P>6.2, the P removal efficiency was over 90% and the residual P concentration was less than 0.2 mg/L. Within the design boundaries, the complete P removal could be achieved at 7.0≤initial pH≤8.5 and 0.43≤[TiCl₄]≤0.55 mM. The final pH was over 5.8 at initial pH≥7.7 and [TiCl₄]≥0.35 mM. The results showed that TiCl4 was effective in P removal in water so that it could be an alternative chemical for P removal.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.115-115
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• 2011

Nano hybrid superlattices consisting of organic and inorganic components have great potential for creation of new types of functional material by utilizing the wide variety of properties which differ from their constituents. They provide the opportunity for developing new materials with new useful properties. Herein, we fabricated new type of organic-inorganic nano hybrid superlattice thin films by a sequential, self-limiting surface chemistry process known as molecular layer depostion (MLD) combined with atomic layer deposition (ALD). An organic layer was formed at $150^{\circ}C$ using MLD with repeated sequintial adsorption of Hydroquinone and Titanium tetrachloride. A $TiO_2$ inorganic nanolayer was deposited at the same temperature using ALD with alternating surface-saturating reactions of Titanium tetrachloride and water. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, we confirmed visible light absorption by LMCT. And FTIR spectroscopy and XPS were employed to determine the chemical composition. Ellipsometry and TEM analysis were also used to confirm linear growth of the film versus number of MLD cycles at all same temperature. In addition, p-n junction diodes domonstrated in this study suggest that the film can be suitable for n-type semiconductors.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 수소분위기 내 사염화타이타늄의 마그네슘 열환원을 이용한 수소화타이타늄 분말 합성 과정 중 온도 및 소결 조건에 따른 분말 특성 변화를 조사하였다. 수소화타이타늄 생성에 미치는 온도의 영향을 검토하기 위해 1023~1123 K의 1 atm 수소분위기에서 약 30 분간 사염화타이타늄과 마그네슘을 반응시켰다. 환원반응 후 생성된 수소화타이타늄 분말의 소결이 진행되도록 0~120 분간 환원반응 온도를 유지시켰으며, 반응 종료 후 회수된 생성물의 산소농도를 분석하였다. 실험결과, 1023 K에서는 TiH_1.924 이 생성되었으나, 1073K 및 1123 K에서는 TiH_1.924와 TiH_1.5의 혼합물이 생성되었다. 또한, 반응온도가 높을수록 생성된 수소화타이타늄 분말의 수소농도는 감소하였다. 반응온도 및 소결시간이 증가할수록 분말의 산소농도는 감소하였으며, 이는 분말의 비표면적 감소에 기인하였다. 반응온도 1073 K 및 소결시간 120 분 실험조건에서 최저 산소농도 0.246 mass%인 TiH_1.924와 TiH_1.5의 혼합물이 제조되었다.