• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2014

This paper presents a design method of programmable low pass filter(PLPF) which reduce an estimation error of a zero crossing point(ZCP) for a high speed brushless DC(BLDC) motor drive. BLDC motor sensorless drive is possible by estimation of ZCP. The ZCP estimated by detecting a change of back-EMF polarity has the estimation error because noises exist on the measured back-EMF. Therefore a calculated commutation timing using the ZCP is inaccurate. And the inexact commutation timing leads to ripples of 3-phase current and degradation of drive performance. This paper proposes the design method of the PLPF to overcome these problems. First, a speed calculated a inaccurate period of the ZCP is analyzed in the frequency domain. Then, the PLPF that has varying cut-off frequency according to change of the speed is designed on the frequency analysis result. The proposed method is verified by the experiment.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권9C호
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• pp.905-912
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 OFDM 기반 무선 LAN 시스템에서 긴 훈련심볼을 이용하는, 시간동기 오차의 영향이 고려된 IQ imbalance 추정 및 보상 기법을 제안한다. 기존의 긴 훈련심볼을 이용한 IQ imbalance 보상 기법은 시간동기 오차에 민감한 구조를 갖기 때문에 시간동기 오차가 필연적인 실제 시스템에서는 심각한 성능 저하를 보인다. 본 논문에서는 시간동기 오차로 인해 발생하는 위상회전을 상쇄시킬 수 있는 새로운 criterion을 정의하고, 이에 따른 IQ imbalance 추정 및 보상 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 시간동기 오차가 존재할 경우에도 IQ imbalance 의 영향을 이상적인 경우 대비 최대 0.2dB 이하로 보상할 수 있으며, IEEE 802.11a 시스템의 54Mbps 전송모드에 적용하였을 경우 기존 기법에 비해 약 4.3dB의 성능 이득을 보인다. 제안된 기법을 이용한 IQ imbalance 추정 및 보상단은 Verilog HDL을 이용하여 하드웨어 설계 및 검증 되었으며, 0.18um CMOS 공정을 이용하여 합성한 결과, 약 75K gates 와 6K bits의 메모리로 구현되었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.4268-4289
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• 2020

Advanced traffic signal timing method plays very important role in reducing road congestion and air pollution. Reinforcement learning is considered as superior approach to build traffic light timing scheme by many recent studies. It fulfills real adaptive control by the means of taking real-time traffic information as state, and adjusting traffic light scheme as action. However, existing works behave inefficient in complex intersections and they are lack of feasibility because most of them adopt traffic light scheme whose phase sequence is flexible. To address these issues, a novel adaptive traffic signal timing scheme is proposed. It's based on actor-critic reinforcement learning algorithm, and advanced techniques proximal policy optimization and generalized advantage estimation are integrated. In particular, a new kind of reward function and a simplified form of state representation are carefully defined, and they facilitate to improve the learning efficiency and reduce the computational complexity, respectively. Meanwhile, a fixed phase sequence signal scheme is derived, and constraint on the variations of successive phase durations is introduced, which enhances its feasibility and robustness in field applications. The proposed scheme is verified through field-data-based experiments in both medium and high traffic density scenarios. Simulation results exhibit remarkable improvement in traffic performance as well as the learning efficiency comparing with the existing reinforcement learning-based methods such as 3DQN and DDQN.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.73-76
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• 2005

Preamble based synchronization result in performance degradation due to the high time variation in the power delay profile of the channel in fast varying channel. Since most of the timing metric that exploit the preamble is not based on theoretical back ground, it is not easy to find out the reason. In this paper, the behavior of the timing metric in the multipath fading channel is explained.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2013

Many of the current visual odometry algorithms suffer from some extreme limitations such as requiring a high amount of computation time, complex algorithms, and not working in urban environments. In this paper, we present an approach that can solve all the above problems using a single camera. Using a planar motion assumption and Ackermann's principle of motion, we construct the vehicle's motion model as a circular planar motion (2DOF). Then, we adopt a 1-point method to improve the Ransac algorithm and the relative motion estimation. In the Ransac algorithm, we use a 1-point method to generate the hypothesis and then adopt the Levenberg-Marquardt method to minimize the geometric error function and verify inliers. In motion estimation, we combine the 1-point method with a simple least-square minimization solution to handle cases in which only a few feature points are present. The 1-point method is the key to speed up our visual odometry application to real-time systems. Finally, a Bundle Adjustment algorithm is adopted to refine the pose estimation. The results on real datasets in urban dynamic environments demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.295-299
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• 2007

This paper presents the ASF(Additional Secondary Factor) modeling of DGPS beacon signal. In addition to DGPS's original purpose, the feasibility to utilize DGPS system for timing and navigation has been studied. For timing and navigation, the positioning system must know the accurate time delay of signal traveling from the transmitter to receiver. Then the delay can be used to compute the user position. The DGPS beacon signal transmits the data using medium frequency, which travels through the surface and cause the additional delay rather than the speed of light according to conductivities and elevations of the irregular terrain. We introduce the modeling of additional delay(ASF) and present the results of implementation. The similar approach is Locan-C. Loran-C has been widely used as the maritime location system and was enhanced to E-Loran(Enhanced Loran). E-Loran system uses the ASF estimation method and is able to provide the more precise location service. However there was rarely research on this area in Korea. Hence, we introduce the ASF and its estimation model. With the comparison of the same condition and data from the original Monteath model and ASF estimation data of Loran system respectively, we guarantee that the implementation is absolutely perfect. For further works, we're going to apply the ASF estimation model to Korean DGPS beacon system with the Korean terrain data.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2012

PURPOSES: The new methodology is proposed for estimation of long-term performance and pavement life based on the national highway database in Daejeon area. Furthermore, this study tried to verify the applicability of performance estimation using NHPCI (National Highway Pavement Condition Index) on tendency of pavement deterioration as time goes by under Korean road environments. METHODS: Reliability theories are applied to estimate the mean life and to determine the appropriate distribution using 3 levels of traffic loads (high, medium, low) based on maintenance and rehabilitation history data for 15 years. RESULTS: As a result, Lognormal distribution is suitable for explanation of pavement lifetime in Daejeon area regardless of traffic loads. In addition, we found that the results of mean life and maintenance timing based on NHPCI for the pavement sections of 3 levels of traffic loads are available. CONCLUSIONS: Based on this study, it was found that mean life of high, medium and low levels of traffic loads are about 8.1 years, 12.2 years and 12.7 years, respectively. Higher level of traffic loads shorten the pavement mean life.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2001

This paper presents a new and robust technique for a coarse frequency offset estimation in OFDM systems. As an evaluation of the proposed algorithm, we apply it to Eureka 147 DAB system. The proposed coarse frequency offset estimation algorithm is based on the differential detection technique between adjacent subcarriers to eliminate the phase shift effects of symbol timing offset and fractional frequency offset. A coarse frequency offset is determined from the correlation output between a received interarrier differential phase reference symbol and several locally generated but frequency-shifted intercarrier differential phase reference symbols. The performance of our estimation algorithm is evaluated by means of computer simulation and is compared with those of previous proposed algorithms for DAB transmission modes I, II, III, and IV. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm generates extremely accurate estimates with low complexity irrespective of the symbol timing offset.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 네트워크 침입 탐지 시스템의 취약점 중 하나인 패킷 검출 시간 차이에 기인한 공격의 발생 가능성을 줄일 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 이런 종류의 공격 가능성을 줄이기 위하여 네트워크 기반 침입 탐지 시스템과 목적지 시스템간에 왕복 지연을 측정한 후 지연을 고려하여 패킷의 목적지 시스템 도착 예정 시간을 추정하는 방법을 제시하였다. 제시된 방법의 성능을 측정하기 위해 LAN상에서 소켓 프로그래밍을 이용하여 성능을 평가하였으며, 성능 평가 결과 시스템과 네트워크에 부담이 되지 않을 정도의 오버헤더만 있으면 패킷 검출 시차를 상당 부분 줄일 수 있음을 보여 준다. 특히, 가장 최근에 계산한 지연을 이용하는 최근 추정 방법이 가장 좋은 성능을 가짐을 알 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2007년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.123-124
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• 2007

In this paper a comparison of several coarse time synchronization(CTS) algorithms for OFDM is presented. The goal of a CTS is to achieve a timing estimate that avoids IST in the receiver. Five coarse timing estimation algorithms are examined and their performances are compared associated with hardware complexity. Simulations has been performed for DVB-T 2K system in thee different channels.