• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.5_1
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• pp.589-597
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• 2023

Floating debris in large quantities from land during heavy rainfall has adverse social, economic, and environmental impacts, but the monitoring system for the concentration area and amount is insufficient. In this study, we proposed an efficient monitoring method for floating debris entering the river during heavy rainfall in Daecheong Lake, the largest water supply source in the central region, and applied remote sensing techniques to estimate the standing-stock of floating debris. To investigate the status of floating debris in the upper of Daecheong Lake, we used a tracking buoy equipped with a low-orbit satellite communication terminal to identify the movement route and behavior characteristics, and used a drone to estimate the potential concentration area and standing-stock of floating debris. The location tracking buoys moved rapidly during the period when the cumulative rainfall for 3 days increased by more than 200 to 300 mm. In the case of Hotan Bridge, which showed the longest distance, it moved about 72.8 km for one day, and the maximum moving speed at this time was 5.71 km/h. As a result of calculating the standing-stock of floating debris using a drone after heavy rainfall, it was found to be 658.8 to 9,165.4 tons, with the largest amount occurring in the Seokhori area. In this study, we were able to identify the main concentrations of floating debris by using location-tracking buoys and drones. It is believed that remote sensing-based monitoring methods, which are more mobile and quicker than traditional monitoring methods, can contribute to reducing the cost of collecting and processing large amounts of floating debris that flows in during heavy rain periods in the future.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.124-132
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• 2006

We have investigated morphological development with growth and survival rates of juvenile for 158 days after parturition to get a basis data in the way of establishment of breeding techniques in the common seahorse species of Barbour's seahorse, Hippocampus barbouri. At 1 day after parturition, seahorse larvae were $8.82\sim10.36mm(mean\;9.48{\pm}0.69mm,\;n=4)$ in standard length (SL) with 17 dorsal fm rays, 14 pectoral fin rays and 4 anal fin rays. At 20 days after parturition, the size of seahorse larvae were $14.37\sim15.79mm(14.97{\pm}0.62mm,\;n=4)$ in SL, snout of seahorse larvae became slender was long, and body was coloration to the full as adult seahorse. At 41 days after parturition, seahorse larvae were grew $20.14\sim24.89mm(22.89{\pm}2.22mm,\;n=4)$ in SL with development of several spines in coronet, and their have 11 trunk rings and 35 tail rings. At 158 days after parturition, seahorse were grew to $59.07\sim63.76mm(61.42{\pm}3.32mm\;n=2)$, and head length (HL), trunk length (TrL) and tail length (TaL) were composed respectively $19.1{\pm}0.3%,\;25.2{\pm}0.7%$ and $55.8{\pm}0.3%$ of SL. In this time, survival rate is 15.6%.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.145-186
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• 2015

This thesis discusses and analyzes Jeju island's shamanistic myth "Samgong Bonpoori" from the perspective of analytical psychology. Similar to the "I live on my fortune"-type folktales discovered in the Korean mainland, "Samgong Bonpoori" is such a widespread myth that similar folktales are found not only in East Asian regions, including Korea, Japan, and China, but also in Ireland. The essence of the story is as follows; One day, a father asked his three daughters whose fortune they lived on. The first two daughters claimed that they owe their lives to their parents. However, the youngest daughter, Gameunjang-agi, replied, against his expectation, that "I live on my own fortune," and showed her fortune and virtue were physically embodied in the line drawn from her genitals to navel. Her answer enrages his father so fiercely that she was expelled and forced to embark on a journey with no one but a black cow carrying food to accompany her. In retaliation for telling lies against her, Gameunjang-agi transformed her two sisters into a centipede and a mushroom, while her parents were turned into beggars afflicted with blindness. Afterward, Gameunjang-agi wandered around the country and eventually found love with a Chinese yam digger. Not long after, they got married, and as a couple, they stumbled upon roots of gold in fields, which brought them an incredible amount of wealth. After this miracle has happened, Gameunjang-agi began to wonder about the status of her parents and decided to organize a party for all the beggars and the blinds in the country. She eventually found her parents and got a chance to reconcile with her sisters. The story ends with her parents regaining their eyesight and Gameunjang-agi reestablishing herself as the "Goddess of Providence." "Samgong Bonpoori" is a myth about a God. A God is ontologically a supremely perfect being; however, in this thesis, it will be discussed as a part of a folktale. Gameunjang-agi can be seen as the anima archetype of the father, which reveals the process of a paternal consciousness being transformed over time. At first, her parents deny Gameunjang-agi. However, after years of suffering from blindness, they regain their eyesight and finally recognize their daughter. This signifies that Gameunjang-agi is a being that has come into the world for a certain "purpose." Gameunjang-agi embodies the creative function of "femininity" that can renew the existing collective consciousness embedded in the patriarchal system. Such recognition of femininity matters to men to a great degree as well as to women. Without knowing their true nature (femininity), the two sisters submit themselves to their parents and conventional values. Not until they suffer from being transformed and captured into small and insignificant beings, a centipede and a mushroom, which symbolize their shadow, they fail to develop their self-awareness. Meanwhile, by reconciling with her parents and sisters--playing a significant role in reuniting the family--Gameunjang-agi turns out to be a figure that can reveal what it truly means to have self-awareness and achieve Self-realization. In conclusion, this story illustrates that recognition of femininity matters to men to a great degree as well as to women, and women's Self-realization plays a critical role in revitalizing the collective consciousness embedded in the patriarchal system.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 1996

This work has been carried out to examine the number of Total, ICM and TE cells of F1 mouse blastcysts at day 4 after IVF by differential labelling of the nuclei with polynucleotide-specific fluorochromes and to obtain a fundamental information of preimplantation mouse embryo development. Blastocysts produced by superovulated B6CBA F1(C57BL/${\times}$CBA) eggs were inseminated with $1{\times}10^6$spermatozoa/ml and cultured in M16 medium at $37^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ incubator for 95hrs. Blastocysts were classified as early, middle, expanded and hatching stage according to the developmental morphology; blastocoel expansion and zona thickness. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows; 1) The development rate of blastocysts at 95hrs after IVF was 86.7% and classified blastocysts to early, middle, expanded and hatching were 16.3%, 18.9%, 10.5% and 40.9%, respectively. 2) The numbers of total blastomere using bisbenzimide in the classified blastocysts to early, middle, expanded and hatching were 35.6${\pm}$1O.4, 49.4${\pm}$8.6, 60.8${\pm}$1O.7 and 62.7${\pm}$13.9, respectively. 3) In ICM and TE cell number by using differential labelling with polynucleotide-specific fluorochrome in the classified blastocysts to early, middle, expanded and hatching; ICM numbers were 9.6${\pm}$3.0, 13.6${\pm}$3.9, 16.0${\pm}$3.3 and 19.5${\pm}$4.6, respectively and TE cell numbers were 30.6${\pm}$5.1, 39.9${\pm}$5.8, 42.2${\pm}$8.1 and 43.7${\pm}$11.1, respectively. These results showed the same increase pattern according to development advance level. Also, when compared with the results of total count were obtained between bisbenzimide only and differential labelling, both of them showed the same increase pattern according to development level and at the same time their cell numbers were almost the same. So, rapid and simple cell count method using differential labelling can be used for the examination of later preimplantation development or as an indicator of embryo quality according to the variables of culture conditions.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 1992

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different dose of 312nm UV irradiation on ash and phosphorus contents in metatarsus of broiler chicks, whose dorsal skins were exposed to the UV light. Day old Hubbard line broiler chicks were fed with vitamin D deficient diet for 3 weeks and the defeathered dorsal skins were exposed to different dise (0.32, 0.65, or 0.98 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$) of 312nm UV light. The metatarsus bones were collected on 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 days after irradiation and defatted, dried, ashed and dissolved in 6N-HCI. The P concentrations were determined by spectrophotometry. When the 0.32 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$ dose was applied, the ash contents in metatarsus bones o( chicks were 42, 46 and 40% on 0, 1 and 3 days after irradiation, respectively. The maximum level, 46% was appeared at 2 days after exposure as 0.65 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$ was treated. When 0.98 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$ irradiation was applied, the high concentrations, 47 and 47% were shown on 1 and 2 days after irradiation, respectively. The 0.98 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$ among three levels of dose increased the most amount of ash in metatarsus bone. In respect to the P content in the chick bone the increased level, 19.4% was shown on 3 days after UV treatment with 0.32 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The maximum levels, 18.1 and 20.0% were present on 3 and 2 days after exposure to the 0.65 and 0.98 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$ of UV dose, respectively. It was shown that the higher dose of UV irradiation increased the more P concentration in matatarsus of chicks and the production rate was faster than those from 0.32 and 0.65 J/$\textrm{cm}^2$ treatments.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.261-267
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• 2016

The present study examined the effect of the dietary administration of a halophilic bacterium Bacillus sp. Mk22 on the growth improvement of black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, and reduced shrimp infection by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The shrimp were fed 45 days using three experimental diets: no addition (control), commercial probiotic, and Bacillus sp. Mk22. The shrimp treated with the halophilic bacterium Mk22 showed a significant improvement of growth (7.1 ± 0.21 g), survival (94.3 ± 0.58%), weight gain (178 ± 4.93 g), and reduced feed conversion rate (0.8 ± 0.03 g) compared with the shrimp in the other groups. The shrimp treated with Bacillus sp. Mk22 also showed a lower Vibrio count (0.02 ± 0.01 × 10² CFU/ml) in the shrimp culture water compared with the other groups. The shrimp in the three groups were challenged with either Vibrio or WSSV. For the Vibrio infection, no mortality was observed from water infection or oral feeding infection in the commercial probiotic group and Mk 22 group. For the WSSV infection, a 68% survival rate from water infection and 20% survival rate from oral feeding infection was observed on day 45 in the Mk22 group, while 100% mortalities were recorded at a much earlier time in both the control and commercial probiotic groups. The antioxidant enzyme activities, indicators of oxidative stress, such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, significantly decreased in both the Vibrio and WSSV-infected Mk22 groups compared with the other groups, indicating that Bacillus sp. Mk22 was effective in reducing oxidative stress, possibly due to the reduced infection.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2016

To evaluate the applicability of cellular energy allocation (CEA) in the bivalves as a biomarker for the assessment of environmental contamination, the energy contents and energy consumption in several tissues of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum were analyzed. The contents of lipid, glucose, protein and electron transport system (ETS) activity in the foot, siphons, gills, and body of R. philippinarum exposed to crude oil-spiked sediments were measured at 1, 2, 4, 7, 10 days after exposure. The reserved energy (energy available, EA) in the lipid, glucose and protein decreased as contamination level and exposure time increased. In contrast, the ETS activity (energy consumed, EC) showed the reverse tendency. The order of available energy contents were foot > siphons > gill > body. Significant differences in both EA and EC were found only at the highest contamination level (58.3 mg TPAHs/kg DW). EA decreased significantly in the foot and gill at 1 day, in the body at 2 and 7 days after exposure. EC increased significantly in the body at 4 days after exposure. CEA showed higher sensitivity to the contamination than EA or EC. Especially, CEA in the foot and body decreased significantly at lower ranges of contamination level (as low as 6.5 mg TPAHs/kg DW) during 1 to 7 days after exposure. The CEA is more useful than EA or EC alone for the assessment of sediment contamination at lower level that acute toxicity could not be detected. CEA analyses in the body of R. philippinarum after 4 days' exposure to contaminated sediments seem to be the most sensitive and reliable.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.7 no.4 s.26
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• pp.151-162
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• 2005

Variable Message Sign (VMS), which provides drivers with direct information about state of traffic congestion and for prevent an accident, is the most effective method among the methods of providing information in Advanced Transportation Management System. Currently establishment and the VMS which is operated foundation lets in Guidelines on the use of Variable message sign (a book of the VMS) of 1999 November the Ministry Construction & Transportation, these contents mean main viewpoint on physical part such as message special quality variable (font, character size and line space, word interval) and position mainly among standard about establishment in general. But, it is true that using without effect verification on the character of VMS display and that using mode of stationary-centered. In this paper, it executed significance test to effort verification on the character of VMS display for more practical and effective information transmission based on the driver viewpoint For the researches; develop 3D-Simulation, select characteristics of driver's visual cognition behavior (the conspicuity, the legibility and the comprehensibility), evaluation each issue (day or night, 80km/h or 100km/h). Especially, that used the Eye Marker Recorder to measure of reading-time (legibility) thus, confirmed objectivity and reduce an observational error. The results showed that the conspicuity is Flashing> Stationary>Scroll. The legibility is not deference that Flashing between stationary form. Also the comprehensibility result showed that Flashing> Stationary>Stroll form.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of supplementation of mulberry powder, mulberry extract and silkworm powder during the 8 weeks of resistance exercise on Androgen receptor(AR) mRNA and Myogenic regulatory factors(MRFs) expression of rats muscle. Fifty males, Sprague-Dawley rat, were randomly divided into 5 groups: CON(control group, n = 10), REG(resistance exercise group, n = 10), MP REG(mulberry powder intake and resistance exercise group, n = 10), ME REG(mulberry extract intake and resistance exercise group, n = 10) and SP REG(silkworm powder intake and resistance exercise group, n = 10). After climbing the ladder without weights during the 1 week of adaptation period, the rats in the resistance exercise group were trained to climb a 0.98-m vertical(80 degree incline) ladder with weights in their tail during 7 weeks(10 times each day, 2 days per week). After exercise, the skeletal muscle was extracted from the flexor hallucis longus. After separating the total ribonucleic acid (RNA) of each group, quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze RNA quantitatively. AR mRNA and MRFs expression revealed that all of the treated groups had significantly difference. AR mRNA expression increased in ME REG $6.24{\pm}1.85$ and SP REG $9.68{\pm}0.28$ fold compared to CON. Myod mRNA expression increased in MP REG $6.04{\pm}0.47$, ME REG $4.31{\pm}1.58$ and SP REG $8.11{\pm}0.57$ fold compared to CON. And myogenin mRNA expression increased in MP REG $4.11{\pm}0.42$, ME REG $4.12{\pm}0.45$ and SP REG $6.50{\pm}0.61$ fold compared to CON. In conclusion, during the resistance exercise, providing mulberry and silkworm gives positive effect on AR mRNA and MRFs expression increase.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.23-43
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• 2009

This study examined the relativity between school uniform behavior(especially attitude toward school uniform, school uniform satisfaction, school uniform alteration) and attitude toward appearance in the adolescence. From November to December in 2007, 898 middle school and high school students from four schools in Jeollabuk-do Province were analyzed and the influence of relevant variables was understood to gather basic information about the fashion life in the adolescence. This study used SPSS 11.5 for Windows Program to conduct frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple comparison test, and Pearson's correlation. The following summarizes the findings of this study: The results of analysing the factors to the response attitude toward uniforms and attitude toward appearance and clothing attitude emerged four dimensions(fashion, symbolism, cleanliness, alternation), three dimensions(needs value conformity toward appearance). In attitude toward uniform, female students were more actively altering their uniforms than male students and middle school students were more sensitive to trends than high school students. However, high school students were more aware of the cleanliness and alteration of uniforms. Overall, most students were not very satisfied with their uniforms (design, color, texture). When students' attitude toward appearance and demographical characteristics were examined, it was found that female students were more aware of desire, value, and conformity in appearances than male students. By age, it was found that high school students were more aware than middle school students. Also, students receiving KRW 30,000 or more for monthly allowance were more aware than others who receive a lower amount between KRW 10,000 and KRW 20,000. Therefore, most students(62.1%) have experiences in altering uniforms. Especially, more female students and more high school students had such experiences. Uniform alteration is more related to attitude to appearance. In other words, students who choose to alter their uniforms are highly aware of desire, value, and conformity toward appearance. Students who are satisfied with all factors regarding attitude toward uniform, except for alteration, did not alter their uniforms that much. In addition, when the relativity between students' attitude toward appearance with uniform was considered, students that are not very satisfied with their uniforms were more aware of desire, value, and conformity toward appearance. In conclusion, it was found that students' attitude toward appearance and school uniform behavior are closely related and their interests in appearance lead to alteration of uniforms, the clothing in which they spend most time of the day. From now on, students' opinions shall be considered when selecting or designing school uniforms.