• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제12권8호
• /
• pp.265-270
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 시대적 요구에 적합하도록, 개발인력의 수급이 어려운 모바일 애플리케이션을 개발하는 시스템을 중심으로 3-Tier App개발 교육환경을 제안하였다. 3-Tier App개발 교육시스템의 설계와 구현은 대학과 기업의 소프트웨어 개발환경을 동일하게 구성하고 구현하는데 있다. 3-Tier App 개발 교육시스템에 대한 실습실환경은 3대의 컴퓨터와 3명이 학생을 그룹으로 하여 실습을 수행하며 개발용 컴퓨터, Gateway 서버, 데이터베이스서버와 레거시 기간계 시스템으로 구성하고 학생은 개발용 컴퓨터와 구현 디바이스 담당, Gateway 서버시스템 담당과 데이터베이스서버와 레거시 기간계 시스템 담당자로 역할을 부여한다. IT전공 대학 3학년, 64명을 학생을 대상으로 3계층 시스템의 실습을 통하여 기업 ?춤형 인재양성의 가능성을 확인하였다. 또한, 시스템 성능에 대한 10개 세부항목 비교 결과, 단독시스템 대비 3계층 시스템의 우수함을 입증하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제62권2호
• /
• pp.276-291
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate behavioral changes in laying hens (Hy-Line Brown) after transfer to a multi-tier system from the floor system and to examine their production performance. The hens were randomly divided into two groups and were allocated to the multi-tier system and the floor system at a commercial farm. Behavior of the laying hens was recorded by CCD (charge-coupled device) cameras and a digital video recorder. The data were scanned every 2 min to obtain an instantaneous behavioral sample or were immediately counted whenever the hens exhibited a designated behavior. Behavior changed dramatically during the first seven days. Egg production was higher in the multi-tier system, while cracked and dirty eggs were more frequent in the floor system (p < 0.05). No differences in mortality rate or egg quality were observed between the groups. In conclusion, the hens needed at least seven days to adapt to the multi-tier system. The multi-tier system was more efficient than the floor system in terms of production performance.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제2권
• /
• pp.159-172
• /
• 1997

This paper proposes a prosodic representation system of the Kyungnam dialect of Korean, based on the ToBI system. In this system, diverse intonation patterns are transcribed on the four parallel tiers: a tone tier, a break index tier, an orthographic tier, and a miscellaneous tier. The tone tier employs pitch accents, phrase accents, and boundary tones marked with diacritics in order to represent various pitch events. The break index tier uses five break indices, numbered from 0 to 4, in order to represent degrees of connectiveness in speech by associating each inter-word position with a break index. In this, each break index represents a boundary of some kind of constituent. This system can contribute not only to a more detailed theory connecting prosody, syntax, and intonation, but also to current text-to-speech synthesis approaches, speech recognition, and other quantitative computational modellings.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제18권12호
• /
• pp.1501-1508
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we describe a case study to improve performance through the load testing of multi-tired system for financial accounts before the system opening. The load test was conducted after the data collection tools(Performance Monitor, DB PSSDiag) were installed. By analyzing the collected log, we were able to identify the main sector requiring performance improvements among the presentation tier, web tier, business logic tier and data tier. The ASP.NET server-down on the web tier could be improved by modifying the parameter values in the configuration file. Some server downs occurred on the business logic tier when a large number of users access at the same time, were more difficult to be solved. By analyzing the hang-dump at the server-down time, we were able to find a process that caused the problem. and we had to modify the relevant codes. For major performance improvements of the data-tier, indices of some queries was optimized by using the built-in DBMS query analyzer, after analyzing the log of long-response-time queries. The problems and solutions considered in this case study will be a reference for the performance improvement of a multi-layer system with the similar structure.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2004

2-계층 C/S 시스템을 구성하는 경우 사용자의 응답시간이 길어지는 약점이 있다는 것이 기존의 C/S 시스템 개발자들에게는 잘 알려져 있으나 PDA등을 이용하여 모바일 환경을 제공하는 새로운 개발자들은 곧 잘 이러한 사실을 모르고 종래의 2-계층 방식으로 시스템을 구성하여 실패하는 경우가 있다. 2-계층 C/S 시스템은 개발이 용이하다는 장점을 제외하고는 응답시간, 응용프로그램의 설치. 보안, 확정성, 응용 프로그램의 재사용, 이기종 DBMS지원, 가용성 등에 많은 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 간단한 트랜잭션이 2-계층과 3-계층 C/S 시스템에서 작동할 때의 응답시간을 시뮬레이션 하여 분석한다. 비록 문제공간을 2-계층과 3-계층에 국한해서 시뮬레이션 했지만 도출된 결과는 다계층 시스템에서도 적용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.113-133
• /
• 1998

The system proposed in this paper prosodically transcribes the intonation patterns, prosodic structures, phrasings, and other prosodic aspects of Korean utterances, on four parallel tiers: a tone tier, an orthographic tier, a break index tier, and a miscellaneous tier. The tone tier employs two phrase accents (L* and H *), three accentual phrase boundary tones (L-, H-, LH-), and four intonational phrase boundary tones (L%,H%,LH%,LHL%) in order to provide a phonological transcription of pitch events associated with accented syllables and phrase boundaries. The break index tier uses five break indices, numbered from 0 to 4, which mark a prosodic grouping of words and its prosodic structure in an utterance. Among the five indices, the break index 3 and the break index 4 align with an accentual phrase boundary tone and an intonational phrase boundary tone, respectively, in the tone tier.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.1481-1500
• /
• 2016

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication underlaying macro-small cell networks, as one of the promising technologies in the era of 5G, is able to improve spectral efficiency and increase system capacity. In this paper, we model the cross- and co-tier D2D communications in two-tier macro-small cell networks. To avoid the complicated interference for cross-tier D2D, we propose a mode selection scheme with a dedicated resource sharing strategy. For co-tier D2D, we formulate a joint optimization problem of power control and resource reuse with the aim of maximizing the overall outage capacity. To solve this non-convex optimization problem, we devise a heuristic algorithm to obtain a suboptimal solution and reduce the computational complexity. System-level simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which can provide enhanced system performance and guarantee the quality-of-service (QoS) of all devices in two-tier macro-small cell networks. In addition, our study reveals the high potential of introducing cross- and co-tier D2D in small cell networks: i) cross-tier D2D obtains better performance at low and medium small cell densities than co-tier D2D, and ii) co-tier D2D achieves a steady performance improvement with the increase of small cell density.

• 한국환경농학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경농학회 2011년도 30주년 정기총회 및 국제심포지엄
• /
• pp.237-238
• /
• 2011

• 연구논문집
• /
• 통권28호
• /
• pp.239-246
• /
• 1998

Today’s information technology departments face a dilemma to create a competitive advantage for the organization by developing. deploying, and managing distributed applications that scale across the LAN, WAN, and Internet, while preserving investments in systems. Applications, information. IT organizations are today being asked to build the future, without breaking systems that maintain the current business. A possible answer to this dilemma is the implementation of a multi-tier distributed computing architecture. Multi-tier architecture has the potential to provide better, more timely information across the enterprise at a lower cost than the current combination of PC LAN, two-tier client/server, or mainframe applications that have been developed in most organizations. In this paper, we implement management information system based on distributed object middleware using multi-tier distributed computing architecture. This system uses Microsoft's implementation of DCOM/ActiveX and provides easily accessible web interface to the system users.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TE
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.124-133
• /
• 2002

컴퓨터 및 초고속 정보통신망의 발전함에 따라 사회는 지식 정보화 사회로 거듭나고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 국가의 경쟁력 확보를 위해 창의적이고, 논리적인 사고력을 갖춘 인재양성이 필수적이다. 그리고 이와 같은 목표를 달성하기 위해서는 정보통신 기술을 활용하여 다양한 학습방식을 도입한 열린 교육환경을 구축해 한다. 또한 정보 통신망을 통한 언제, 어디서, 누구나 새로운 지식과 기술을 습득할 수 있는 평생학습 체계 구축이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 가상교육 시스템의 시스템 아키텍처 및 XML 3-tier 모델의 연구하여 가상교육 시스템을 설계하고, 구현한다. 또한 가상교육 시스템의 성능 및 장애요인을 평가하고, 이를 해결하여 학생, 교수 및 관리자로 하여금 원활한 가상교육이 이루어지도록 한다.