• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.563-567
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• 2009

In order to improve the thermomechanical performance of polyketone, a third monomer (4-methylstyrene) was added to the copolymerization system. The terpolymer of CO, styrene, and 4-methylstyrene was synthesized in the presence of multi component catalysts containing palladium acetate and rare earth metal phosphonates. The products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The effects of the different components, including the third monomer, palladium acetate, 2,2'-bipyridyl, rare earth phosphonate, p-toluene-sulphonic acid, and p-benzoquinone, were also studied. The highest catalytic activity of 965.51 g/(gPd h) was obtained with a catalyst containing palladium acetate and rare earth phosphonate.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제37호
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• pp.135-157
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• 2013

천인관계론은 한대에 매우 성행하던 학술이론이었다고 할 수 있으며, 서한시기의 동중서가 이러한 이론을 체계화하고 널리 알리는데 중요한 역할을 했다고 하기도 한다. 동중서의 천인관계론에서는 인간에게 속하는 각종의 특징들이 자연계 안에 투사되어 천과 자연을 의인화시켜서 천과 인간이 서로 같은 구조를 가지고 있으며 비슷한 기능을 나타낸다고 했다. 왕충의 천인관계론은 바로 서한시기에 유행했던 천인감응론의 이론적 근거를 비판할 뿐만 아니라, 그 자신의 전체 사상체계의 기초가 된다고 할 수 있는 것이다. 왕충이 재세했던 당시에 유행했던 사회적 의식형태는 이미 변형된 모습의 천인감응론이었다고 할 수 있는데, 왕충은 이러한 형태의 천인감응론은 허망한 것이라고 생각했기 때문에 매우 신랄하게 비판을 한다. 왕충의 비판은 두 가지 다른 측면에서 진행되었는데, 하나는 천인감응론에 대하여 인간의 경험적 사실의 입장에서 그것의 진위를 판단하는 것이었고, 다른 하나는 천인감응론이 인간과 사회의 가치 의미적 측면에서 가치취향의 옳고 그름을 판단하는 것이었다. 이와 같은 서로 다른 함의는 왕충의 비판 작업 속에서 항상 중첩되어 나타나거나 동시에 나타나기도 한다. 이러한 왕충의 천인관계론에 대하여 본문에서는 왕충이 비판한 천인감응론과 천인감응론의 비판을 통한 인간존재의 의미를 중심으로 논의를 진행해 보도록 하겠다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.144-148
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• 2009

Poly(1-oxo-2-phenyltrimethylene) was synthesized by palladium-catalyzed copolymerization of styrene and carbon monoxide in quaternary ammonium ionic liquids. The $[Pd(bipy)_2][PF_6]_2$ compound had relatively more catalytic activity than $[Pd(bipy)_2][BF_4]_2$ in ionic liquids. The catalytic activity of palladium (II) composite catalyst was superior to the catalyst formed in situ from palladium acetate, 2,2-bipyridyl, and $X^-$ ($X^-=PF_6^-$, $BF_4^-$) in ionic liquids. The effects of the volume of ionic liquids, reaction time and benzoquinone content on the copolymerization were also described.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.399-403
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• 1998

To clarify the anesthetic effect of acupoint injection(aquapupuncture) using general anasthetics in dogs, 18 mongrel dogs were divided into control and two experimental groups(Tian-ping+Bai-hui : Tian-ping group and San-yang-luo+Gong-sun group : San -yang- lux group). Control group was intramuscularly injected with ketamine hydrochloride, 22 mg/ kg of body weight into the thigh and experimental groups were injected into each acupoint with half volume of dosage, respectively. Clinical findings(recumbency time, induction time of anesthesia, time of head lift and standing time) and changes of vital sign(temperature, heart rate and respiration rate) were investigates at pre-anesthesia, during anesthesia and poststanding, respectively. In recumbency time San-yang-luo groupui<0.05) and Tian-ping group (p<0.05) were faster than that of control, respectively and Tian-ping group was the fastest. In induction time of anesthesia San-yang-luo group was similar to that of control, however, Tian-ping group was faster than that of control(p

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2010

The relationship between river-table and five-type individuals with yin-yang's greater and lesser properties from NeiJingaswellasKoreansasangmedicinewasexplored.1.Rivertableisthetheoreticalbasisforthefive-typeconstitutionswithyin-yang'sgreaterandlesserpropertiesandKoreansasangconstitutions:Thecontentoffour-manifestationconstitutionswithyin-yang'greaterandlesserpropertiesinLingShuTongTian,isrelatedtoChangeBook,andcouldbeexplainedandgeneralizedwithriver-table;itissaidthatKoreansasangconstitutionfoundedbyYiJeMaalsostemmedformLingShuTongTian,butitstheoreticalsystemisdifferentfromthatofLingShuTongTian.Thoughthissystemcanbeexplainedandgeneralizedwithriver-table,itsdistributionofinternalorgansisdifferentfromthatofLingShuTongTian.2.Theclinicalmanifestationsoffour-manifestationconstitutionwithyin-yang'slesserandgreaterprpertiesofTCM,includingpersonality,behaviorpatternandliabilitytocertaindiseases,wereexploredandtheregulatingandcultivatingprinciplesbasedonriver-tabletofour-manifestationconstitutionswithyin-yang'sgreaterandlesserpropertiesalsowereestablished:IndividualsofShaoyang(lesseryang)constitutionshouldpayattentiontoliverqi'sascendinganddispersing,andharmonizationofliveryinandliveryanginspring;individualsofTaiyang(greateryang)constitutionshouldemphasizetheclearinganddescendingofheartqiandharmonizationofheartyinandheartyanginsummer;individualsofShaoyin(lesseryin)constitutionshouldattachimportancetodispersing,purifyinganddescendingoflungqiandharmonizationoflungyinandlungyanginautumn;individualsofTaiyin(greateryin)shouldlaystressonthecultivatingofkidneyqi'sascendingandsteaming,andharmonizationofkidneyyinandkidneyyanginwinter.Besides,individualsofthefourtypesmentionedaboveshouldcultivateandregulateqiofspleenandstomach,fortheascending-descendingandharmonizationofstomachqiandspleenqiisthebasisforthenormalorhealthybodyconstitution,andtheroottoremedythetendenciesoffour-manifestationconstitutions.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2002

Objectives : Dyspnea is one of the most common symptoms that we meet, but so far there has been no research about the effects of acupuncture therapy on it. This study was performed in order to evaluate the effect of acupuncture therapy on dyspnea by means of using objective indexes. Methods : The effect of acupuncture therapy was assessed by analyzing the pulmonary function test (PFT) in 10 patients, who had suffered from dyspnea and had pain at the acupuncture point Tian-zong (SI11) when it was compressed by a finger, at our outpatient department. Each patient was treated with acupuncture therapy at both sides of Tian-zong. We compared the results of pre-treatment and post-treatment PFTs, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1.0), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Results : FVCs of pre-treatment and post-treatment PFTs were $2.23{\pm}0.34(L)$ and $2.40{\pm}0.36(L)$ respectively (P<0.01). FEV1.0s of pre-treatment and post-treatment PFTs were $1.54{\pm}0.37(L)$ and $1.65{\pm}0.41(L)$ respectively (p<0.05). PEFRs of pre-treatment and post-treatment PFTs were $3.41{\pm}1.26(L)$ and $3.93{\pm}1.42(L)$ respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions From the above data, we conclude that FVC, FEV1.0, and PEFR in dyspneic patients have been improved after acupuncture therapy of Tian-zong, so acupuncture therapy of Tian-zong may relieve the dyspnea symptom.

• 제3의학
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1996

${\ulcorner}Volume\;1{\lrcorner}$ of ${\ulcorner}$Medical Records as a Guide to Clinical Works${\lrcorner}$, written by Ye Tian Shi, showed some clinical cases of dizziness. In this study, his diagnosis and treatment was studied with 16 clinical cases of dizziness with pathogenic factor, pathogenesis and symptoms of dizziness. Ye Tian Shi thought that phlegm, fire, wind and insufficiency were the causes of dizziness and phlegm-fire, phlegm-fire-wind, wind-phlegm and insufficiencyfire-wind were the causes of dizziness, clinically. Dizziness is caused when the body is in condition of excess in the upper and deciency in the lower. The acompanying clinical symptoms of dizziness are endogenous wind, fire of deficiency type, phlegm wind and phelegm fire. For the treatment of dizziness, Ye Tian Shi used the combination of medicines with some modifications by the cases for phlegm, fire, wind and insufficiency. He also encouraged the mental therapy for the treatment of dizziness. He emphasized the early treatment of dizziness to prevent hemiplegia after apoplexy. It can be postulated from Volume 1 of ${\ulcorner}$Medical Records as a Guide to Clinical Works${\lrcorner}$, diagnosis and treatment of symptoms and illness of Ye Tian Shi was strictly based on actual clinical cases.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.209-213
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• 2006

The ring-opening polymerization of D,L-lactide initiated by tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate $(Sn(Oct)_2)$ on the surface-initiated magnetite $(Fe_{3}O_4)$ nanoparticles was performed at $130^{\circ}C$. The effects of the polymer molar mass and concentration on the amount of surface polymer were investigated. The number average molecular weights, $M_n$, obtained by both NMR and GPC methods fit well within the accuracy of the applied methods and ranged from 1,100 to $4,040g\;mol^{-1}$. A surface functionalization density of up to 625 initiation sites per particle was obtained. The composition of various core-shell particles was determined by TGA, with results indicating magnetite $(Fe_{3}O_4)$ contents, ${\mu}m$, between 17 and 59 wt%. Under the influence of a magnetic field, the heating generated by superparamagnetic core-shell particles suspended in toluene presented guidelines for an optimization of magnetic particle systems with respect to an application for hyperthermia.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.378-390
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• 2019

The Tian Shan mountain system is one of the large mountain ranges located in Central Asia. This region is globally recognized as mountain ranges, offering inestimable wealth in fauna and flora with significant biodiversity values. We surveyed macrofungal diversity of Tian Shan in Kyrgyzstan from 2016 to 2018. A collection of macrofungi was made, and these were subjected to sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis to ensure the identity of the collected macrofungi. Of those collected, 95 out of 100 specimens were successfully sequenced and compared with those of other related species retrieved from GenBank. The sequenced specimens were classified into 2 phyla, 8 orders, 24 families, 47 genera, and 57 species, based on current taxonomic concepts (combining morphology and phylogeny). To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first well-documented checklist and phylogenetic analysis of macrofungi recovered from the Tian Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제43호
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• pp.295-317
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• 2014

본 논문은 송대 도학가들이 "논어(論語)"에 나온 "극기복례(克己復禮)"의 "극기(克己)"를 "사욕의 제거"로 풀이한 이유는 무엇일까에 관한 문제를 다룬다. 주지하듯, "극기복례(克己復禮)"는 공자가 "인(仁)"을 실천하는 방법으로 제시한 구절이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이 문제가 "인(仁)"에 관한 송대 도학가들의 해석과 깊은 관련이 있다고 보고, 송대 도학가들의 "인(仁)" 개념 풀이를 살펴보았다. 송대 도학가들은 "인(仁)"을 "천리(天理)"로 풀이하였으며, 천리의 내용을 "만물을 생성하는 마음(天地生物之心)"으로 보았다. 주희는 주역의 "생생(生生)" 및 도가의 "허(虛)", "유(柔)" 등의 개념을 연결하여, 이정(二程) 및 그 후학들이 새롭게 제기한 인(仁)의 해석과 극기복례(克己復禮)의 해석에 철학적 설명을 제공하였다. 주희가 도가를 맹렬히 비판한 것은 사실이나, 도가의 사상에서 전혀 취할 바가 없다고 생각하지는 않았다. 본 논문에서 제시한 "사욕의 제거(去私欲)"에 관한 주희 및 송대 도학가들의 입장 역시 이러한 주장을 뒷받침해주는 논거가 될 수 있을 것이다.