• BMB Reports
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2021

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a complex autoimmune disease with a spectrum of signs. we previously reported that trisialoganglioside (GT)1b is significantly overexpressed in the orbital tissue of TED patients, and that exogenous GT1b strongly induced HA synthesis in orbital fibroblasts. However, the signaling pathway in GT1b-induced hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS) expression in orbital fibroblasts from TED patients have rarely been investigated. Here, we demonstrated that GT1b induced phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR in a dose-dependent manner in orbital fibroblasts from TED patients. Both co-treatment with a specific inhibitor for PI3K and siRNA knockdown of TLR2 attenuated GT1b-induced Akt phosphorylation. GT1b significantly induced HAS2 expression at both the transcriptional and translational level, which was suppressed by specific inhibitors of PI3K or Akt/mTOR, and by siRNA knockdown of TLR2. In conclusion, GT1b induced HAS2 in orbital fibroblasts from TED patients via activation of the PI3K-related signaling pathway, dependent on TLR2.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.511-517
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• 2013

To assess the association between oral health and general health, this study examined the relationship between chewing difficulty and twelve chronic health conditions such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, cerebro- and cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disease, respiratory disease, eye/nose/throat disease, stomach/intestinal ulcer, renal dysfunction, thyroid disease, depression, and cancer in Korea. The study population was 3,066 elders aged 65 years old and more from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Chewing difficulty was measured on a 5-point Likert scale. Chronic conditions were assessed by self-reported questionnaire. Confounders were age, gender, education, income, smoking, drinking, and obesity. Chi-square test, general linear model, and multiple logistic regression model were done with complex sampling design. Musculoskeletal disease (adjusted odds ratio=1.33), respiratory disease (adjusted odds ratio=1.52), and cancer (adjusted odds ratio=1.58) were independently associated with chewing difficulty. Multiple chronic conditions with more than 4 chronic disease showed significant association with chewing difficulty (adjusted odds ratio=1.37).

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.417-420
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• 2007

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease with an of unknown etiology, involving bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, pulmonary, skin and eye lesions. However, involvement of the endocrine system in sarcoidosis is quite rare, and the coexistence of both diseases is extremely unusual. We describe a 60-year-old woman presenting with sarcoidosis and Graves' disease. She was admitted for evaluation of dry cough, dyspnea, palpitation and general weakness. Both thyroid glands were enlarged diffusely. The thyroid function tests showed suppressed serum thyrotropin and an increased thyroid hormone level. The levels of the TSH receptor antibody, anti-thyroglobulin antibody and anti-microsomal antibody were higher than normal. The radionuclide scan($^{131}I$) showed increased iodine uptake. The chest X-ray revealed pulmonary hilar enlargement and high resolution CT showed both hilar lymph nodes enlargement and tiny parenchymal nodules. The transbronchial lung biopsy showed a noncaseating granuloma without necrosis. We report this case of pulmonary sarcoidosis plus Graves' disease with a review of the relevant literatures.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.73-96
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• 2004

Along with a development of medical technology, a variety of tests, such as laboratory tests, x-ray and endoscopies are being used in health screening tests. As the tests determine the quality of health screening, test items and methods should be carefully selected. This study was to get hold of the test items of major health screening programs in Korea Most of the health screening programmes focused upon detection of risk factors and diagnosis of life - style related diseases (diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, overweight, drinking, smoking, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoporosis) ,cancers (stomach, cervix, lung, breast, liver, colon, prostate, ovary, pancreas, thyroid, esophagus) , infectious diseases (hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually-transmitted diseases, parasites) , chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, chronic renal diseases (bacteriuria hematuria, proteinuria) , anemia, glaucoma, hearing loss, Alzheimer disease, stress, early psychiatric diseases. The health screening tests were basic physical examination, basic laboratory tests (CBC, urinalysis, liver function tests, lipid tests, glucose, HbAlc, uric acid, electrolytes, serological tests (HBsAg, HBs-Ab, HCV-Ab, HIV-Ab, VDRL) EKG, x-ray (chest PA, CT) , endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy) , sonography(abdomen, thyroid, pelvis, breast) ,cytology (cervix) , bone density, tumor markets (NMP22, alpha-FP, CEA, CA-19-9, CA12S, PSA) and eye tests. Advanced technologies, like CT, PET, MRI, MRT/Angio, molecular testings) were widely used in hospital health screening programmes .In summary, a variety of tests were utilized in health screening in Korea. Those tests were utilized by stages or according to sex and age in most of health screening programmes, however a few program used tests to excess disregarding health screening subjects.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.9-25
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• 2004

Along with a development of medical technology, a variety of tests, such as laboratory tests, x-ray and endoscopies are being used in health screening tests. As the tests determine the quality of health screening, test items of major health screening program in Korea. Most, of the health screening programmes focused upon detection of risk factors and diagnosis of life-style related diseases(diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, overweight, drinking, smoking, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoporosis), cancers(stomach, cervix, lung, breast, liver, colon, prostate, ovary, pancreas, thyroid, esophagus), infections diseases(hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually-transmitted diseases, parasites), chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, chronic renal diseases(bacteriuria, hematuria, proteinuria), anemia, glaucoma, hearing loss, Alzheimer disease, stress and earlypsychiatric diseases. The health screening tests were basic physical examination, basic laboratory tests( CBC, urinalysis, liver function tests, lipid tests, glucose, HbA1c, uric acid, electrolytes, serological tests(HBsAg, HBs-Ab, HCV-Ab, HIV-Ab, VDRL) EKG, x-ray(chest PA, CT) endoscopy(gastroscopy, colonoscopy), sonography (abdomen, thyroid, pelvis, breast), cytology(cervix), bone density, tumor markers(NMP22, alpha-FP, CEA, CA-19-9, CA125, PSA and eye tests. Advanced technologies, like CT, PET, MRI, MRI/Angio, molecular testing were widly used in hospital based health screening programmes. In summary, a variety of tests were untilized in health screening in Korea. Those tests were utilized by stages or according to sex and age in most of health screening programmes, however a few programs used tests excessvely disregarding health screening subjects.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.215-230
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• 2004

Along with a development of medical technology, a variety of tests, such as laboratory tests, x-ray and endoscopies are being used in health screening tests. As the tests determine the quality of health screening, test items and methods should be carefully selected. This study was to get hold of the test items of major health screening programs in Korea. Most of the health screening programmes focused upon detection of risk factors and diagnosis of life-style related diseases(diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, overweight, drinking, smoking, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoporosis) ,cancers(stomach, cervix, lung, breast, liver, colon, prostate, ovary, pancreas, thyroid, esophagus), infectious diseases (hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually-transmitted diseases, parasites),chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, chronic renal diseases(bacteriuria, hematuria, proteinuria), anemia, glaucoma, hearing loss, Alzheimer disease, stress, early Psychiatric diseases. The health screening tests were basic physical examination, basic laboratory tests(CBC, urinalysis, liver function tests, lipid tests, glucose, HbAlc, uric acid, electrolytes, serological tests(HBsAg, HBs-Ab, HCV-Ab, HIV-Ab, VDRL) EKG, x-ray(chest PA, CT), endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy) , sonography(abdormen, thyroid, pelvis, breast) , cytology(cervix) ,bone density, tumor markers(NMP22, alpha-FP, CEA, CA-19-9, CA12S, PSA) and eye tests. Advanced technologies, like CT, PET, MIRI, MIRI/Angio, molecular testings) were widely usedin hospital health screening programmes. In summary, a variety of were utilized by stages or programmes, however a few subjects. tests were utilized in health screening in Korea. Those tests according to sex and age in most of health screening program used tests to excess disregarding health screening subject.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.175-178
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• 2017

The relative position of the eyeballs in the orbit can be a criterion for estimating multiple pathological conditions. Especially, it is useful to diagnose orbital fracture, thyroid eye disease, orbital tumor, and to evaluate the result of drug and surgical treatment. The Hertel and the Naugle exophthalmometer, which are typical measuring instruments used mainly to measure the protrusion of the eye, are inevitably error by the measurer. In this paper, we propose a method to increase the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement of eyeball exophthalmometric values by using a white light interferometer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.843-849
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• 2022

In this study, the probability of secondary carcinogenesis was analyzed by measuring the exposure dose of surrounding normal organs during radiosurgery using a gamma knife. A pediatric phantom (Model 706-G, CIRS, USA) composed of human tissue-equivalent material was set to four tumor volumes of 0.25 cm³, 0.51 cm³, 1.01 cm³, and 2.03 cm³, and the average dose was 18.4 ± 3.4 Gy. After installing the Rando phantom on the table of the gamma knife surgical equipment, the OSLD nanoDot dosimeters were placed in the right eye, left eye, thyroid, thymus gland, right lung, and left lung to measure each exposure dose. The probability of cancer occurrence due to radiation exposure of surrounding normal organs during gamma knife radiosurgery for acoustic schwannoma disease was 4.08 cancers per 100,000 at a tumor volume of 2.03 cm³. This study is expected to be used as useful data in relation to stochastic effects in the future by studying the risk of secondary radiation exposure that can occur during stereotactic radiosurgery.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2019

The relative position of the orbital eye can be a criterion for evaluating several pathological conditions. It is especially useful to diagnose orbital fractures, thyroid eye disease, orbital tumors and to evaluate the outcome of medication and surgical treatment. Hertel and Naugle are representative measurement tools used to measure eyeball protrusion values, and have different measurement results, such as fixed orbits, every time they are inspected, even if the same inspector repeatedly measures them. Even with the same calibrator, it is inevitable that different manufacturers will change the design of the stationary part of the orbit, causing the surveyor to make a measurement error. In this paper, we designed and fabricated a protrusion measuring device using a white light interferometer and measured the protrusion of the human eye and found that the precision and repeatability were significantly higher than the manual measurement method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.2341-2346
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• 2017

The relative position of the eyeballs in the orbit can be a criterion for estimating multiple pathological conditions. Especially, it is useful to diagnose orbital fracture, thyroid eye disease, orbital tumor, and to evaluate the result of drug and surgical treatment. The Hertel and Naugle exophthalmometer, which are the most commonly used measuring instruments for measuring the prominence of the eye, are different from each other. Even if the same examiner repeatedly measures, it is inevitable. Also, even if the same exophthalmometer is different from the manufacturing company, the design of the fixed part of the orbit is different, and a measurement error is caused by the inspectors. In this paper, we propose a method of automatic measurement that can increase the accuracy and repeatability of measurement of exophthalmos using white light scanning interferometer, which is a 3D image measurement technique.