• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activities of organic extracts obtained from the fruit of Thuja orientalis L. The native fruits in Korea were collected and extracted by 80% ethanol, and the extract was sequentially fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, and butanol. The fraction yields of n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and water of ethanol extract were 10.15%, 10.05%, 1.45%, 45.35% and 27.55%, respectively. n-Hexane-soluble fraction showed the highest antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria, while the chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and aqueous fractions did not show any antibacterial activity. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) on Staphyloycoccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Sateptococcus pneumoniae, n-hexane-soluble fraction were $100\;{\mu}g$, $500\;{\mu}g$ and $50\;{\mu}g$/disc, respectively. The antibacterial activity was not destroyed by heating at 80, 100, $120^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and was not affected by pH. In the inhibitory test against the Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Sateptococcus pneumoniae, n-hexane-soluble fraction showed potent growth inhibition at the concentration of 0.1 and $0.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ for 12~24 hours and n-hexane-soluble fraction did not show any mutagenic activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2021

The ethyl acetate fractions prepared from the leaves of Thuja orientalis significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. According to bioassay-coupled LC-QTOF MS/MS, the components near 22 and 25 mins in the mass chromatogram highly inhibited NO production and were expected to be labdane diterpenes, and the active components were characterized via further isolation. The results of the NO production inhibitory assay of the isolated compounds correlated well with the results of bioassay-coupled LC-QTOF MS/MS. Among the identified constituents, NO production inhibitory activities of 16-hydroxy-labda-8(17),13-diene-15,19-dioic acid butenolide (2) and 15-hydroxypinusolidic acid (3) were newly reported. Taken together, these results demonstrated that LC-QTOF MS/MS coupled with NO production inhibition assay was a powerful tool for accurately predicting new anti-inflammatory constituents in the extracts from natural products. Moreover, it provided a potential basis for broadening the application of bioassay-coupled LC-QTOF MS/MS in natural product research.

• Mycobiology
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.317-325
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• 2022

Endophytic fungi occupy various ecological niches, which reinforces their diversity. As few studies have investigated the endophytic fungi of alpine conifers, we focused on four species of alpine conifers in this study-Abies nephrolepis, Pinus pumila, Taxus cuspidata var. nana, and Thuja koraiensis-and examined them for endophytic fungi. A total of 108 endophytic fungi were isolated. There were four taxa in A. nephrolepis, 12 in P. pumila, 18 in T. cuspidata var. nana, and 17 in T. koraiensis; these were divided into five classes: Agaricomycetes (3.2%), Dothideomycetes (29.0%), Leotiomycetes (15.0%), Sordariomycetes (41.9%), and Orbiliomycetes (1.6%). The most prevalent fungi were Sydowia polyspora (22.7%) and Xylariaceae sp. (22.7%) in P. pumila, Phomopsis juglandina (16.1%) in T. cuspidate var. nana, and Thuja-endophytes sp. 1 (70.0%) in T. koraiensis. However, there was no dominant species growing in A. nephrolepis. Some host plants were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. We obtained 4618 reads for A. nephrolepis and 2268 reads for T. koraiensis. At the genus level, the top three endophytic fungi were Ophiostomataceae_uc (64.6%), Nectriaceae_uc (15.5%), and unclassified organism (18.0%) in A. nephrolepis and Nectriaceae_uc (41.9%), Ophiostomataceae_uc (41.8%), and Magnaporthaceae_uc (9.2%) in T. koraiensis. Our results show that there are different communities of endophytic fungi among different host plants, even if the host plants are in the same region. Such ecological niches are important in terms of the ecological restoration of alpine conifers.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권4호
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• pp.393-397
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• 2006

눈측백나무(Thuja koraiensis Nak.)는 중국 동북부와 한반도의 고산지대에서만 자라는 상록성 소관목으로서 희귀 및 멸종위기 식물로 지정 보호되고 있으며, 세계자연보존연맹(IUCN) 적색목록에 DD(data deficient)로 등재되어 있다. 세계적 희귀수종인 눈측백나무의 유전자원보존을 위한 삽목증식법을 개발하기 위하여 삽목시기, 상토 및 생장 조절제의 종류별 농도에 따른 발근특성을 조사하였다. 삽목 발근율은 삽목시기, 식물생장조절물질의 종류 및 농도에서 각각 고도의 유의성이 인정되었다. 삽목증식은 4~5월 숙지삽목이 적정시기로 판단되었으며, 발근율과 발근특성을 고려한 식물생장조절물질의 종류 및 농도는 IAA 1000 mg/l와 NAA 500mg/l로 처리하는 것이 캘러스 형성율이 높고 발근이 촉진(발근율: 100%)되는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 눈측백나무는 5월 삽목의 경우 무처리에서도 93% 이상의 높은 삽목 발근율을 보여 본 연구 결과는 눈측백나무의 유전자원 보존 및 증식에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.409-413
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• 2000

식물추출물로부터 보다 안전하고 효과있는 새로운 tyrosinase 저해제를 개발하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 먼저 기존의 spectrophotometric assay를 개선한 새로운 TLC 검색방법을 사용하여 여러 식물추출물을 검색한 결과 백자인의 메탄올추출물이 강한 tyrosinase 저해활성을 갖고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 백자인의 메탄올추출물로부터 tyrosinase 저해제를 분리하기 위하여 먼저 탈지 메탄올추출물을 에테르, 에틸아세테이트 및 부탄올로 순차적으로 용매분획한 후 이 중 활성이 강한 에테르 추출물을 얻었다, 다음 에테르 추출물을 5% NaHCO$_3$로 씻은 후 산성화하여 얻은 강산성에테르추출물을 silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 및 분취 TLC를 각각 이용하여 4가지의 tyrosinase 저해물질을 분리하였으며, 이 중 화합물 2 ($IC_{50}$/=26 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml)와 3 ($IC_{50}$/=30 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml)은 tyrosinase 저해제로 잘 알려진 ascorbic acid ($IC_{50}$/=28 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml)와 유사하게 강한 tyrosinase 저해활성을 나타내었으며, 현재 그들의 화학구조를 동정하고 있다. 이러한 결과를 미루어볼 때 백자인으로부터 분리된 tyrosinase 저해제는 식품의 효소적갈변저해제로써 뿐만 아니라 기미, 주근깨 및 검반점을 예방할 수 있는 미백화장품 및 의약품의 신소재로써 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.272-276
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• 2015

경기도와 강원도에 위치한 화악산, 명지산 그리고 설악산에서 침엽수를 채집하여 균 분리를 수행하였다. 특히, 눈측백과 분비나무의 내생균에 대한 연구가 최초로 수행되었으며, 본 연구를 통해 이들로부터 분리한 균에 대한 형태적, 유전적 동정을 수행하였다. 그 결과 Cryptosporiopsis actinidiae, Pestalotiopsis mangiferae, Pyrenochaeta cava가 확인되었으며, 이에 대해 최초로 국내에서 눈측백과 분비나무에 분포함을 보고하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2008

Anatomical comparison of 3 North American species with commercial name of redcedar was executed to provide taxonomic information for prevention of confusion and establishment of sound business transaction in the wood market. Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) and southern redcedar (Juniperus silicicola) could not be separated on the basis of microstructure and ultrastructure of wood. Western redcedar (Thuja plicata), however, appeared to be obviously separated from eastern and southern redcedar in a number of microscopic and ultramicroscopic features. Useful features for separating these two groups were intercellular spaces in transverse surface, latewood width, radial intertracheid pitting, warty layer and pits with torus extensions in tracheids, ray composition, nodular end walls in ray parenchyma cells, and cross-field pitting.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2001

The floristic composition and structure of the Oriental Arbor-viate forest, natural monument no. 1, were investigated in the Daegu city, southeastern Korea. Vegetation stratification have four layers including tree (＞5m), subtree (2m-5m), shrub (1m-2m) and herbs (＜1m), which occupied 63.8%, 10.7%, 12.1% and 49.4%, respectively. The vegetation of the study area were divided into Artemisia keiskeana - Quercus variabilis and Pyrrosia linearifolia-Thuja orientalis (OAV) communities. Frequency distribution for diameter classes of the Oriental Arbor-vitae population showed a reverse-J shape. The result suggests that the OAV forest of this site might maintains continuously the present state. The annual radial growth of OAV, Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis, the dominant species of the present site showed 0.29, 1.01 and 1.28 mm/year, respectively. Competition of OAV with theh other species including P. densiflora and Q. variabilis could influence negatively on the growthand survival of OAV forest in this site.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2006

본 연구는 목탄의 모양과 탄화된 수종의 종류에 따른 토양개량 효과를 시험하기 위해 수행되었다. 결과에 따르면 서양측백과 칠엽수 묘목 모두 무처리 토양에서보다 목탄 처리 토양에서 더 잘 자랐다. 분말탄의 경우, 서양측백나무 묘목 생장은 잣나무 목탄으로 처리된 토양에서 가장 좋았으며 낙엽송, 파티클보드, 상수리나무 목탄 순으로 컸다. 입상탄의 경우 묘목 생장은 낙엽송, 파티클보드, 잣나무 목탄의 순으로 컸다. 또한 토양공극과 유기물 함량도 무처리 토양에서보다 목탄 처리 토양에서 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 목탄 처리 토양에서 묘목생장이 더 좋았던 것은 근계에서의 통기성과 유기물 흡착이 증가되었기 때문인 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.248-258
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• 2017

A study was carried out to observe the 1% aqueous safranine solution flow speed in longitudinal and radial directions of softwood Thuja orientalis L., diffuse-porous wood Gmelina arborea Roxb., and ring-porous wood Phellodendron amurense Rupr., Longitudinal flow was considered from bottom to top while the radial flow was considered from bark to pith directions. In radial direction, ray cells and in longitudinal direction tracheids, vessel and wood fiber were considered for the measurement of liquid penetration speed at less than 12% moisture contents(MC). The variation of penetration speed for different species was observed and the reasons behind for this variation were explored. The highest radial penetration depth was found in ray parenchyma of T. orientalis but the lowest one was found in ray parenchyma of P. amurense. The average liquid penetration depth in longitudinal trachied of T. orientalis was found the highest among all the other cells. The penetration depth in fiber of G. arborea was found the lowest among the other longitudinal cells. It was found that cell dimension and also meniscus angle of safranine solution with cell walls were the prime factors for the variation of liquid flow speed in wood. Vessel was found to facilitate prime role in longitudinal penetration for hardwood species. The penetration depth in vessel of G. arborea was found highest among all vessels. Anatomical features like ray parenchyma cell length and diameter, end-wall pits number were found also responsible fluid flow differences. Initially liquid penetration speed was high and the nit gradually decreased in an uneven rate. Liquid flow was captured via video and the penetration depths in those cells were measured. It was found that even in presence of abundant rays in hardwood species, penetration depth of liquid in radial direction of softwood species was found high. Herein the ray length, lumen area, end wall pit diameter determined the radial permeability. On the other hand, vessel and fiber structure affected the longitudinal flow of liquids. Following a go-stop-go cycle, the penetration speed of a liquid decreased over time.