• Title/Summary/Keyword: Three-dimensional planning

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3차원 두부방사선 규격사진 구현시 컴퓨터를 이용한 두부위치의 보정방법에 관한 연구

  • Choy, Kwang-Chul;Kim, Kyung-Ho;Kim, In-Dal
    • The Journal of the Korean dental association
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    • v.36 no.2 s.345
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    • pp.135-143
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    • 1998
  • Cephalogram is one of the most important tool in researching growth and development of craniofacial area, orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. But its inherent distortion of actual length and angles during projecting three dimensional object to two dimensional plane might cause errors in quantitative analysis of shape and size. three dimensional high quality images can be obtained using computerized tomogram and have reported in literatures. Considering its expenses and amount of exposure to radiation, limitations still remain to be solved in its application to routine practice. construction of three dimensional image using principle of orientator can be obtained by biplanar stereoradiography. Theoretically two images, lateral and P-A can be used to construct three dimensional image provided that those are taken at same time by two different focal spots. As two images(lateral and P-A) obtained by conventional cephalogram have different head posture, those need compensation to construct three dimensional images. This study introduced principle of computerized head posture compensation and showed that conventional cephalogram could be used to construct three dimensional image and could be applied to routine orthodontic practice.

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Determination of flight route using optimal control theory (최적 제어 이론을 사용한 비행 경로 선정)

  • 김을곤
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 1992.10a
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    • pp.407-411
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    • 1992
  • A method for optimal route planning is presented with the assumption that the overall defended area is known in terms of threat potential function. This approach employes tangent plane to reduce the dimension of the state space for optimal programming problems with a state equality constraint. One-dimensional search algorithm is used to select the optimal route among the extermal fields which are obtained by integrating three differential equations from the initial values. In addition to being useful for the route planning through threat potential area, the trajectory planning will be suitable for general two-dimensional searching problems.

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A Study on the Method for Multi-dimensional Module Plan of Detached House Remodeling (단독주택 리모델링의 다차원모듈 설계 방법 적용을 위한 사례조사 연구 - 단독주택 사례 조사를 통한 인터페이스맵 작성을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Chan-Yong
    • Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.61-70
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    • 2011
  • This study aims to establish the concept about a new approaching method dor remodeling in the planning step. also, this study sets up the way how to approach in a dimensional way by classifying the conceptual composition of the target housing as a method. The dimensional definition is as below. The one dimensional approach: the spot. the two dimensional approach: the line, the three dimensional approach: the apatial mass, the four dimensional approach: space + time, the n dimensional (multi-dimensional) approach: the space + time + emotion. The research findings are as follows : For the purpose of remodeling, the old housing should be viewed in the three dimensional shape and space. It is defined as multi-dimensional module method to design the shape and space of the target housing in a multi-dimensional point, considering the three dimensional space composition, the emotion of the user, the housing itself. and the time of the user.

Three Dimensional Computed Tomography in the Assessment of Subtle Fracture in Dogs (컴퓨터단층촬영에서 3차원 재구성 영상을 통한 개의 골절 진단)

  • 이기창;권정국;송경진;최민철
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.523-526
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    • 2003
  • Three dimensional computed tomographic images were obtained in two cases with trauma. The first case of a 3 year-old male Maltese, with ataxia and head tilting due to head trauma was referred to veterinary medical teaching hospital, Seoul National University. Remarkable findings were not found on survey radiographs. With the help of three-dimensional reconstruction computed tomographic imaging, parietal and occipital bone fracture was identified. The second case of 4 month-old female Yorkshire terrier with left forelimb lameness was referred right after trauma. Survey radiography showed obvious incongruity of the elbow joint. Lateral and medial condyle of the left humerus fracture and lateral displacement of the left ulna were apparent in three-dimensional computed tomographic image. It was considered that three-dimensional computed tomography could be used as an aid modality for the exact evaluation of extends and degree of fracture as well as planning of orthopedic surgery.

3-Dimensional Dose Planning for Brachytherapy (근접 치료 계산을 위한 3차원 치료계획)

  • 조병철;최동락;추성실
    • Progress in Medical Physics
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.35-44
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    • 1992
  • We developed a new algorithm for displaying two-dimensional isodose curves and three-dimensional isodose surfaces. And we used it to brachytherapy dose planning. This program can display isodose surfaces with various view angles. We can also present isodose curves corresponding to arbitrary section of the surface As a result, we knew that this program can help understanding about three-dimensional dose distribution.

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The Interactive Modeling Method of Virtual City Scene Based on Building Codes

  • Ding, Wei-long;Zhu, Xiao-jie;Xu, Bin;Xu, Yan;Chen, Kai;Wan, Zang-xin
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.74-89
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    • 2021
  • For higher-level requirements of urban planning and management and the recent development of "digital earth" and "digital city", it is urgent to establish protocols for the construction of three-dimensional digital city models. However, some problems still exist in the digital technology of the three-dimensional city model, such as insufficient precision of the three-dimensional model, not optimizing the scene and not considering the constraints of building codes. In view of those points, a method to interactively simulate a virtual city scene based on building codes is proposed in this paper. Firstly, some constraint functions are set up to restrict the models to adhere to the building codes, and an improved directional bounding box technique is utilized to solve the problem that geometric objects may intersect in a virtual city scene. The three-dimensional model invocation strategy is designed to convert two-dimensional layouts to a three-dimensional urban scene. A Leap Motion hardware device is used to interactively place the 3D models in a virtual scene. Finally, the design and construction of the three-dimensional scene are completed by using Unity3D. The experiment shows that this method can simulate urban virtual scenes that strictly adhere to building codes in a virtual scene of the city environment, but also provide information and decision-making functions for urban planning and management.

3-Dimensional Path Planning and Guidance using the Dubins Curve for an 3-DOF Point-mass Aircraft Model (Dubins 곡선을 이용한 항공기 3자유도 질점 모델의 3차원 경로계획 및 유도)

  • O, Su-Hun;Ha, Chul-Su;Kang, Seung-Eun;Mok, Ji-hyun;Ko, Sangho;Lee, Yong-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2016
  • In this paper, we integrate three degree of freedom(3DOF) point-mass model for aircraft and three-dimensional path generation algorithms using dubins curve and nonlinear path tracking law. Through this integration, we apply the path generation algorithm to the path planning, and verify tracking performance and feasibility of using the aircraft 3DOF point-mass model for air traffic management. The accuracy of modeling 6DOF aircraft is more accurate than that of 3DOF model, but the complexity of the calculation would be raised, in turn the rate of computation is more likely to be slow due to the increase of degree of freedom. These obstacles make the 6DOF model difficult to be applied to simulation requiring real-time path planning. Therefore, the 3DOF point-mass model is also sufficient for simulation, and real-time path planning is possible because complexity can be reduced, compared to those of the 6DOF. Dubins curve used for generating the optimal path has advantage of being directly available to apply path planning. However, we use the algorithm which extends 2D path to 3D path since dubins curve handles the two dimensional path problems. Control law for the path tracking uses the nonlinear path tracking laws. Then we present these concomitant simulation results.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTIVE IMAGES USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAMS OF FACIAL BONE INJURIES (안면골 외상환자의 전산화단층상을 이용한 삼차원재구성상의 비교연구)

  • Choi Eun-Suk;Koh Kwang-Joon
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.413-423
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    • 1994
  • The purpose of this study was to clarify the spatial relationship in presurgical examination and to aid surgical planning and postoperative evaluation of patients with facial bone injury. For this study, three-dimensional images of facial bone fracture were reconstructed by computed image analysis system and three-dimensional reconstructive program integrated in computed tomography. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Serial conventional computed tomograms were value in accurately depicting the facial bone injuries and three-dimensional reconstructive images demonstrated an overall look. 2. The degree of deterioration of spatial resolution was proportional to the thickness of the slice. 3. Facial bone fractures were the most distinctly demonstrated on inferoanterior views of three-dimensional reconstructive images. 4. Although three-dimensional reconstructive images made diagnosis of fracture lines, it was difficult to identify maxillary fractures. 5. The diagnosis of zygomatic fractures could be made equally well with computed image analysis system and three-dimensional reconstructive program integrated in computed tomography. 6. The diagnosis of mandibular fractures could be made equally well with computed image analysis system and three-dimensional reconstructive program integrated in computed tomography.

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A Study on the 3-D CNC Cutting Planning and Simulation by Z-Map Model (Z-Map 모델을 이용한 3차원 CNC 가공계획 및 절삭시뮬레이션에 관한 연구)

  • 송수용;김석일
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 1994.10a
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    • pp.683-688
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    • 1994
  • Recently, the Z-Map model has been used widely to represent the three dimensional geometric shape and to achieve the cross-section and point evaluation of the shape. In this paper, the CNC cutting planning and simulation modules for product with three dimensional geometric shape are realized based on the Z-Map model. The realized system has the various capabilities related to the automatic generation of tool path for the rough and finish cutting processes, the automatic elimination of overcut, the automatic generation of CNC program for a machining center and the cutting simulation. Especially, the overcut-free tool path is obtained by using the CL Z-Map models which are composed of the offset surfaces of the geometric shape of product.

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Legal Issues and Improvement Schemes for Underground Pedestrian Connection to Utilize Three-dimensional Urban Space - With Cases of Jung-gu, Seoul - (입체적 도시공간 활용을 위한 지하연결통로 설치의 법적 쟁점과 개선방향 - 서울시 중구를 사례로 -)

  • Kim, Jee-Yeop;Yang, Hee-Seung
    • Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.69-79
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze legal characteristics and issues of an underground pedestrian connection, which is a very useful tool to create 3D pedestrian networks and the vibrant underground environment. To do this, this paper explored the related laws to install the connection and analyzes 74 cases of Jung-gu, Seoul to find major issues. Then, it defined the legal characteristics in terms of not only the laws but also property law in Korea, thereby suggesting the improvement schemes. As a result, this paper concluded that the connections can be installed by an Urban Planning Facility or a Road Occupation Permit, but should be considered their public interest. In addition, exactions or fees for the permit should be carefully implemented based on the characters of the connection.