• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.41-54
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• 2004

This study purposed to apply function form content, the three concepts that have been discussed by many philosophers since ancient times, to fashion design. Specific research goals are : first, to define fashion design based on the three concepts : and second, to examine how each of the three concepts function-oriented, form-oriented and content-oriented design have been expressed in women's fashion in the $20^{th} century. For these purposes. the author considered Morris' semiotics, which is the theoretical background of the three concepts, reviewed previous researches in design area, and applied the findings to fashion design. According to the result of applying the threefold structure of semiotics. which is the theoretical background of the three concepts, the pragmatic dimension of fashion design comprehends all functional rules related to the use of dress such as body motion and protection, health and safety. air flow and durability, and its syntactic dimension comprehend all the formal elements of visual design such as the structure, shape, line, color and material of dress. The semantic dimension of fashion design includes the symbolic meanings of dress expressed by emotion, sentiment and images. The three dimensions exist interdependently with one another. According to the result of considering the characteristics of the three concepts in the scope of women's fashion in the $20^{th} century. function-oriented design is characterized by practicality and simplicity, and has been expressed as the fashion of functionalism in the 1920s, that of minimalism in the 1960s, and the basic style from 1970s to 1980s, 1990s and the present. Form-oriented design has pursued aestheticism, putting stress upon form, and has been expressed with organic shapes imitating patterns found in nature in the 1950s and with optical art fashion in the 1960s. Content-oriented design attaches importance to transmission of delicate meanings related to the mental world of human beings, and is represented with symbolic forms. Such a characteristic has been expressed in fashion in the early 20th century influenced by surrealism and, with various types of design breaking established forms as well as metaphors and humors that characterize design in the late 20th century.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.27-32
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• 2001

In this paper, the three dimension scanner system employing the parallel camera model is discussed. The camera calibration process and the three dimension scanning algorithm are developed. The laser strip line is utilized for assisting stereo matching. An object being scanned rotates on the plate which is activated by a stepping motor, The world coordinate which is. the measured distance from the camera to the object is converted into the model coordinate. The facets created from the point. cloud of the model coordinate is used for rendering the scanned model by using the graphic library such as OpenGL. The unmatched points having no validate matching points are interpolated from the validate matching points of the vicinity epipolar lines.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.409-420
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a measurement scale for evaluating the auditory affect of automobile engine sounds. Methods: In order to collect affective vocabulary, literature review, user tests, and expert interviews were conducted. Affective vocabulary related to automobile engine sounds was selected through three methods. To develop the evaluation scale, open/close card-sorting and expert interview-based survey method was used. Results: The results of this study are as follows; In order to select the main affective vocabulary from the collected vocabulary, 39 vocabularies with a frequency of 5 or higher were selected as vocabulary expressing the main auditory affect of automobile engine sounds. Each affective vocabulary is divided into three di- mensions, it was confirmed that the conceptual model for the auditory affect of automobile engine sounds is composed of three levels: intuitive, descriptive, and evaluative of hierarchical structure. As a result of the study, four indices of intuitive dimension, seven indices of descriptive dimension, and one index of evaluative dimension were derived from the evaluation scale of the auditory affect in an automobile engine sound. Conclusion: The auditory evaluation scale developed in this study can be used to systematically measure and evaluate the auditory affect of automobile engine sounds.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2010

In this work, we consider an elliptic system of three equations in dimension greater than one. We prove that the system has at least three nontrivial solutions by applying a linking theorem.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.87-90
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• 1995

Biomechanical can physchological approaches have provided the optimum stair dimensions but physiological approach has never been used in assessing the common method of assessing the optimum stair dimension. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the validity of the physiological measure of heart rate in assessing the optimum stair dimensions. Sixteen subjects were asked to walk up three different stairs with their normal walking speed. The results showed that the physiological approach with the heart rate difference was found to be valid in assessing the optimum stair dimension. The optimum stair dimension from this study (riser length for 185 mm and tread length for 310 mm) was chosen because it was similar to optimum dimension by the psychological approach (Irvine et al., 1990).

• KCI Concrete Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 2002

The fractal geometry is a non-Euclidean geometry which describes the naturally irregular or fragmented shapes, so that it can be applied to fracture behavior of materials to investigate the fracture process. Fractal curves have a characteristic that represents a self-similarity as an invariant based on the fractal dimension. This fractal geometry was applied to the crack growth of cementitious composites in order to correlate the fracture behavior to microstructures of cementitious composites. The purpose of this study was to find relationships between fractal dimensions and fracture energy. Fracture test was carried out in order to investigate the fracture behavior of plain and fiber reinforced cement composites. The load-CMOD curve and fracture energy of the beams were observed under the three point loading system. The crack profiles were obtained by the image processing system. Box counting method was used to determine the fractal dimension, D$_{f}$. It was known that the linear correlation exists between fractal dimension and fracture energy of the cement composites. The implications of the fractal nature for the crack growth behavior on the fracture energy, G$_{f}$ is apparent.ent.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 2015

This study applied the network text analysis to reveal the scope and trends of low cost carrier studies. We analyzed low cost carrier research published in Korean journals and news articles. The results showed that there are three clusters in terms of research topics. First dimension consists of articles investigating growth in the low cost carrier industry. The second dimension is associated with service characteristics. The last dimension has strong ties organizational and human resource dimension. We run Krkwic, Krtitle, Netdraw, and Ucinet 6.0 to conduct the network text analysis. This study suggests the direction of low cost carrier research in the future.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to examine the inter-rater reliability of the Korean translation of the GMFM(Gross Motor Function Measure). Three licensed physical therapists with varying amounts(2 - 6 years) of clinical experience served as raters. Thirty patients with cerebral palsy were subjects for this study. Subjects were 22 boys and 8 girls, aged 1 to 8 years. Reliability of each dimension and each total score of the GMGM were analyzed using ICCs(intraclass correlation coefficients). The reliability of each dimension score ranged from .76 to .98, with the walking, running, and jumping dimension having higher reliability values. The reliability of the total dimension score was .94. We conclude that the GMFM has inter-rater reliability for assessing gross motor function in patients with cerebral palsy.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the planning of adolescents preferred space, and fur the purpose of the study analyzed the spaces made by them in the web site where 3-dimension space manipulating is possible and captured their consciousness of space. The study was to interview 60 adolescents in the web-site by video chatting and observation by video ethnography. The results are as follows. 1) Three-dimension space is where adolescents express their present preference for spaces of residence, leisure and outer activities, and where they reveal their desire to be realized in the future. 2) Adolescents foster friendship in the cyberspace, where they meet friends and enjoy talking and share their desire for space creation which is hardly come true in reality. 3) It is possible to grasp their latent preference of space, and actualization of the cyber preference would give them more satisfaction.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.179-189
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• 2023

Hybrid sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) methods to a weighted mean of kernel matrices of two different SDR methods by Ye and Weiss (2003) require heavy computation and time consumption due to bootstrapping. To avoid this, Park et al. (2022) recently develop the so-called cross-distance selection (CDS) algorithm. In this paper, two variations of the original CDS algorithm are proposed depending on how well and equally the covk-SAVE is treated in the selection procedure. In one variation, which is called the larger CDS algorithm, the covk-SAVE is equally and fairly utilized with the other two candiates of SIR-SAVE and covk-DR. But, for the final selection, a random selection should be necessary. On the other hand, SIR-SAVE and covk-DR are utilized with completely ruling covk-SAVE out, which is called the smaller CDS algorithm. Numerical studies confirm that the original CDS algorithm is better than or compete quite well to the two proposed variations. A real data example is presented to compare and interpret the decisions by the three CDS algorithms in practice.