• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.29-39
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• 1985

This experimental study was carried out to evaluate the improvement of rural privys and to develop the system of the three septic tank privy. For this study, 42 samples of excreta, 42 samples of soil and 26 samples of vegetables were drawn out of the conventional privys while 26samples of excreta, 26samples of soil and 26samples of vegetables out of the three septic tank privys from five villages in Chun Song County. Kang Won Province for the period from 22th August to 13th October, 1984. The major findings are as follows : 1. Positive cases of helminthes are found 41 out of 42(97.6%) excreta of the conventional privys whereas those from the three septic tank privys are found 2 out of 26 (7.7%). Average numbers of helminthes from the excreta of the conventional privys are 4.4 whereas those from the three septic tank privys are 1.1. 2. Positive cases of helminthes are found 33 out of 42 (78.6%) soil of the conventional privys whereas those from the three septic tank privys are found 20 out of 26(76.9%). However, this difference does not reveal statistical significance (P>0.01). Average numbers of helminthes from the soil of the conventional privys are 2.3 whereas those from the three septic tank privys are 1.7 and the difference in total number of helminthes reveals statistical significance (P<0.05). 3. Positive cases of helminthes from vegetable samples drawn out of the conventional privys are found 13 out of 26(50.0%) whereas those froin the three septic tank ptivys are found 10 out of 26(38.5%). Average numbers of helminthes from vegetable samples drawn out of the conventional privys are 1.1 whereas those from the three septic tank privys are 0.7. However, these differences in both positive rates and total numbers of helminthes do not reveal statistical significance (P>0.05).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.54-56
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• 2005

In this paper, we investigated the quench characteristics of HTSC elements in the integrated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL according to fault types such as the single-line-to-ground fault, the double-line-to-ground fault, the line-to-line fault and the three-line-to-ground fault. The integrated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL was the upgrade version of the single-phase flux-lock type SFCL. The structure of the integrated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL consisted of three-phase flux-lock reactor wound on an iron core with the ratio of the same turn between coil 1 and coil 2 in each phase. When the SFCL is operated under the normal condition, the flux generated in the iron core is zero because the flux generated between two coils of each single phase is canceled out. Therefore, the SFCL's impedance is zero, and the SFCL has negligible influence on the power system. However, if a fault occurs in any single-phase among three phases, the flux generated in the iron core is not zero any more. The flux makes HTSC elements of all phases quench irrespective of the fault type, which reduces the current of fault phase as well as the current of sound phase. It was observed that the fault current limiting characteristics of the suggested SFCL were dependent on the quench characteristics of HTSC elements in all three phases.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2000

The objective of this paper are to present a realistic methodology to estimate the daily water supply rates form irrigation pumping stattions, to validate it with the field data, and to report the daily irrigation pumping rates from the Han river basin. Five-year historical pumping records were collected from seventy-three pumping stations in the Han river basin. And the daily pumping rates were estimated from the electrical consumption records. The pumping patterns from the stations were analyzed and the results were applied to ungauged pumping stations in the basin. The method was appliedto five stations which were field monitored during the irragation periods in 1998. The relative errors between the observed and simulated water pumpage ranged from 1.4 to 7.0 percent. This indicates that the proposed method is valid to apply for estimating the pumping rates for agricultural lands. During 1993 to 1997, the annual average water pumpaging from the Han river and the tributaries were 350 million cubic meter. The annual water supply from the pumping stations varied from 973 to 1.377 mm in depth and the mean was 1,170 mm. The major factor affecting the annual variations was attributed to the rainfall during the growing seasons.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.140-141
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• 2018

There are three types of high fluidity concrete: powder based, VMA based, and combined. In the case of the powder based high fluidity concrete mixture, according to the textbook, increased viscosity due to the replaced fly ash can prevent segregation of coarse aggregate. On the other hand, decreased density of the powder due to the fly ash replacement can causes segregation but there is no report on this issue. Therefore, in this research, the segregation resistance and segregation evaluation method for powder based high fluid concrete mixture are evaluated. As a result, with increased replacing ration of supplementary materials, EIS value was decreased and apparently segregation resistance was increased. However, from the compressive strength evaluation depending on height of the cylindrical specimen, it was confirmed that the different of strength difference between top and bottom part of the specimen. Thus, following research regarding vertical segregation should be studied.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2013

The experiment on thermal characteristics of on-dol systems were carried out to apply to New Han-ok's heating system. Change of surface temperature varied with heating times, distribution of surface temperature, radiation property were surveid on four on-dol system in laboratory conditions. Followings are results. 1) "Hwang-to unit" was most favorable condition of the distribution of floor surface temperature. And the results from reaching time to thermal comfort temperature of on-dol system showed that "Hwang-to unit" was the most favorable to continuance of floor temperature. 2) There were a little difference in surface floor radiations of $30^{\circ}C$ for three wet on dol-systems. 3) It was suggested that "Hwang-to unit" is the most appropriate to floor heating system of new han-ok considering eco-friendship and continuance of floor temperature in intermittent heating condition.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.202-207
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• 1997

Species composition and abundance of fish larvae were studied from May 1988 through August 1989 in the Han River Estuary and adjacent Kyunggi Bay, Korea. Of 23 taxa identified, Coilia nasus, llisha elongata, and Cyprinidae spp. were dominated. Maximum density (3,5771/1,000m)$^3$ occurred in August 1988 and minimum (3/1,m$^3$) in February 1989. O1igo- ormesohaline species dominated during ebb tides while polyhaline species during flood tides. Correspondence analysis revealed that three distinctive species groups; oligohaline species, Coilia nasus, Ilisha elongata and Cyprinidae spp., which dominated at both channels of Kwanghwa Island (stations 1, 2), mesohaline species, Sardinella zunasi and Gobiidae spp., at the mouth of Yeomha Channel (station 3), and polyhaline species, Engraulis japonicus and Syngnathus schlegeli, in the middle of Kyunggi Bay (station 4). Coilia nasus was the most abundant species and reported first time in the study area. Given the species composition and density of fish larvae, the Han River Estuary is considered to be a major spawning and nursery ground for brackish water species such as Coilia nasus, Ilisha elongata and some Cyprinidae spp.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.169-173
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• 2012

Objective: This study aimed to explore the differences in the curative and side effects of chemoradiotherapy on esophageal cancer (EC) among Xinjiang Han, Uigur and Kazakh patients. Methods: 170 patients with IIA stage-IV of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. Based on different nationalities, they were divided into the Han, Uigur and Kazakh groups. The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates, incidence of the side effects (including hematological toxicities, radioactive esophagitis and percutaneous reactions) and application of antibiotics and harmonics were compared among the groups. There was no significant difference in the short-term curative effects among the Han, Uigur and Kazakh groups. The 1- 2- and 3-year survival rates of the three groups were 84%, 40%, 26%; 78%, 27%, 18%; and 60%, 21%, 12% ($x^2$=14.497, P<0.05). The incidence rate of hamatological toxicity ${\geq}$Grade 2 in the Kazakh group was significantly lower than that in the Han or Uigur group. Results: The incidence rates of radioactive esophagitis and percutaneous reactions Grade 2 in the Han group were significantly higher than those in the Uigur or Kazakh group. There was no significant difference in the types of applied antibiotics among the groups, but there were significant differences in the days of antibiotic application and proportion of patients receiving harmonics between the Hans and either of other groups. Conclusion: Chemoradiotherapy shows a better effect in the long-term survival rate among Han EC patients compared with Uigur or Kazakh EC patients. Uigur and Kazakh patients show a better tolerance to the side effects of chemoradiotherapy compared with Hans.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1701-1704
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• 2003

Melatonin regulates circadian rhythms and reproduction changes in seasonally reproductive mammals through binding to high-affinity, G-protein-coupled receptors. Small Tail Han sheep that has significant characteristics of high prolificacy and nonseasonal ovulatory activity is an excellent local sheep breed in P. R. China. The exon 2 of the ovine melatonin receptor 1a (MTNR1A) gene was amplified and a uniform fragment of 824 bp was obtained in 150 ewes of Small Tail Han sheep. The 824 bp PCR product was digested with restriction endonucleases Mnl I and Rsa I, and genetic polymorphism was detected by PCR-RFLP. Polymorphic Mnl I site was detected at base position 605 of the exon 2 of the MTNR1A gene. There were two kinds of genotypes in Small Tail Han sheep, AB (303 bp, 236 bp/67 bp) and BB (236 bp/67 bp, 236 bp/67 bp). The results indicated that genotype AA (303 bp, 303 bp) at Mnl I-RFLP site did not exist in non-seasonal estrous Small Tail Han sheep, which suggested that there was an association between genotype AA (303 bp, 303 bp) and reproductive seasonality in sheep. Polymorphic Rsa I site was detected at base position 604 of the exon 2 of the MTNR1A gene. Three kinds of genotypes were found in Small Tail Han sheep, AA (290 bp, 290 bp), AB (290 bp, 267 bp/23 bp) and BB (267 bp/23 bp, 267 bp/23 bp). Least squares means of litter size in the first parity and the second parity for genotype AA (290 bp, 290 bp) at Rsa I-RFLP site were 0.43 and 1.06 more than those for genotype AB (290 bp, 267 bp/23 bp) in Small Tail Han sheep.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.496-503
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• 2009

In this paper, a new three-phase interleaved isolated high efficiency boost dc-dc converter with active clamp is proposed. The converter is capable of increased power transfer due to its three-phase power configuration, and it reduces the rms current per phase, thus reducing conduction losses. Further, interleaved operation of three-phase boost converter reduces overall ripple current, which is imposed into fuel cells and realizes smaller sized filter components, increasing effective operating frequency and leading to higher power density. Each output current of three-phase boost converter is combined by the three-phase transformer and flows in the continuous conduction mode by the proposed three-phase PWM strategy. An efficiency of above 96% is mainly achieved by reducing conduction losses and switching losses are reduced by the action of active clamp branches, as well. The proposed converter and three-phase PWM strategy are analyzed, simulated and implemented in hardware. Experimental results are obtained on a 500 W prototype unit, with all of the design verified and analyzed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.165-166
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• 2005

In this paper, we investigated the quench generation of HTSC elements in fault types according to inductance variation in the integrated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL. The integrated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL was the upgrade version of the single-phase flux-lock type SFCL. The structure of the integrated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL consisted of three-phase flux-lock reactor wound on an iron core with the ratio of the same turn between coil 1 and coil 2 in each phase. When the SFCL is operated under the normal condition, the flux generated in the iron core is zero because the flux generated between two coils of each single phase is canceled out. Therefore, the SFCL's impedance is zero, and the SFCL has negligible influence on the power system. However, if a fault occurs in any single-phase among three phases, the flux generated in the iron core is not zero any more. The flux makes HTSC elements of all phases quench irrespective of the fault type, which reduces the current of fault phase as well as the current of sound phase. It was observed that the fault current limiting characteristics of the suggested SFCL were dependent on the quench characteristics of HTSC elements in all three phases.