• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2014

Background: This study was aimed to determine the effects of deep abdominal muscle exercises (DAME) and thoracic mobility exercises (TME) on pulmonary function. Methods: This study was conducted with 22 college students who are in their 20s and have no problem carrying out activities of daily living. All subjects were randomly assigned to either the DAME group (11) or the TME group (11) to undertake the exercises for 2 weeks. To measure pulmonary function of subjects, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced exploratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured using chest graph. Chest expansion of subjects was also measured with tape ruler. These measurements were performed on the first day before the exercise program started and on the next day after the 2-week exercise program was completed. A paired-t test was performed to compare the differences in pulmonary function before and after the exercise program, and an independent t-test was performed to compare the two groups. Results: The results of this study were as follows: 1) In comparison of pre- and post-exercise changes in the DAME and TME groups, both groups showed significant increase in chest expansion and PEF after the exercise program, compared with the baseline data (p<.05). Both groups also demonstrated improvements in FVC and FEV1 after the exercise program, compared with the baseline data. However, the differences were not statistically significant (p>.05). 2) The comparison of the DAME and TME groups revealed no significant differences in chest expansion, FVC, FEV1 and PEF (p>.05). Conclusion: It is therefore concluded that both DAME and TME were effective in improving pulmonary function.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.430-437
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 3-dimensional posture correction(3DPC) exercise program incorporating PNF respiratory muscle strengthening(RMS) exercise on spinal alignment and trunk expansion in patients with idiopathic scoliosis and the difference in intervention effect by type of idiopathic scoliosis. Design: Comparative study using paired t-test and analysis of variance measures. Methods: The subjects of this study were 5 men and 24 women diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis with a Cobb angle greater than 10 degrees and less than 45 degrees. A 3DPC exercise program incorporating PNF RMS exercise was conducted twice a week for 1 hour per session for 6 weeks, and Cobb angle, Angle of trunk rotation, and trunk expansion were measured before and after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, Cobb angle and trunk rotation angle showed a statistically significant decrease, and trunk expansion showed a statistically significant increase. In the effect difference by type, there was a statistically significant difference in the angle of trunk rotation of the thoracic in 3C and Single Lumbar. Conclusions: In conclusion, it is thought that a 3DPC exercise program incorporating PNF RMS exercise can be effectively used in clinical practice to improve spinal alignment and trunk expansion in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2011

Background: Conventional treatment (i.e. chest tube insertion and chemical pleurodesis) still remains standard for patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax because the risk of surgical bullectomy is deemed high in this subset. However, it has been suggested that surgical treatment using thoracoscopy may expedite postoperative recovery and, thus, may reduce hospital stay. Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of 61 patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, who underwent conventional treatment (n=39) or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) (n=22) between January 2007 and December 2009, was performed. Talc was used for chemical pleurodesis in both groups. Results: Hospital stay of conventional treatment group and VATS group was $14.2{\pm}14.2$ days (4~58 days) and $10.6{\pm}5.8$ days (5~32 days), respectively, with statistically significant difference (p=0.033). Recurrence rate of conventional treatment group was also significantly higher (12/39, 30%) compared to VATS group (1/22, 4.5%) (p=0.016). Conclusion: In selected patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax with continuous air leak or inadequate lung expansion, thoracoscopic surgery with chemical pleurodesis using talc results in shorter hospital stay and lower recurrence rate compared to conventional approach.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.179-186
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• 2021

Background: Patients with advanced asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have postural deviations such as thoracic hyperkyphosis, forward shoulder posture (FSP) due to an increase in head and cervical protraction, reduced shoulder range of motion and a corresponding increase in scapula elevation and upward rotation. Unlike congenital vertebral kyphosis that are permanent and rigid deformities with bony and other structural deformations which cause respiratory impairment, these deformities in these patients may be more flexible. Since the thoracic hyperkyphosis has been implicated as having adverse health consequences it is necessary to evaluated the relationship between thoracic kyphosis and cardiopulmonary functions of patients with COPD and asthma. Methods: It was a cross-sectional analytical study. Eighty-four eligible patients with COPD and asthma were recruited from the Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), and basic anthropometric parameters, pulmonary parameters, cardiovascular parameters, thoracic kyphosis (Cobb) angle and presence of respiratory symptoms of participants were assessed. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: There was no significant correlation between the thoracic kyphosis and selected pulmonary parameters (Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1, p=0.36), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC, p=0.95), Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR, p=0.16), Thoracic expansion (TE, p=0.27)/cardiovascular parameters (Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP, p=0.108), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP, p=0.17) and Pulse Rate (PR, p=0.93) as well as the respiratory symptoms (SGRQ scores, p=0.11) in all subjects. Conclusion: There was no relationship between thoracic kyphosis and selected pulmonary/cardiovascular parameters as well as respiratory symptoms in patients with COPD and asthma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.12 s.257
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• pp.873-877
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• 2005

Jeune's asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy is a rare, complex malformation with a broad spectrum of clinical expression. The degree of chest wall deformity is the most important prognostic factor and the only part which is correctable. A 11 month-old male infant was diagnosed as having Jeune's syndrome and received right side lateral thoracic expansion surgery. But because respiratory distress symptom was sustained postoperatively, we performed left side procedure 3 months after the initial operation. Respiratory distress symptom got worse after fracturing the left titanium plate which was inserted to fix the expanded thoracic wall and reimplantation was performed. The patient was discharged 6 months after the initial operation. He was readmitted and received ventilator care for respiratory failure and died 10 months after the initial operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.330-332
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• 1999

A 40-year-old woman underwent plication by video-assisted thoracoscopy for left diaphragmatic eventration. Normalization in the position of the left diaphragm and a marked improvement in the left lung expansion were identified on the chest X-ray. This technique offers the patients many advantages of the minimally invasive operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.321-324
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• 1989

The Swyer-James syndrome is rare abnormality that may be encountered on routine chest X * ray examination and frequently presents a diagnostic problem. Recently, we experienced a case of Swyer-James syndrome which was accompanied with ipsilateral uncontrolled pneumothorax. We performed exploratory thoracotomy because of failure of re-expansion of the lung. Right pneumonectomy was performed and postoperative course was uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.238-245
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• 2015

Background: Some patients show favorable changes in the descending aortic false lumen after conventional repair of acute type A dissection, although the incidence of favorable changes has been reported to be low. We aimed to investigate the incidence of positive postoperative changes in the false lumen and the factors associated with positive outcomes. Methods: In 63 patients who underwent surgery for type A acute dissection as well as serial computed tomography (CT) scanning, morphological parameters were compared between the preoperative, early postoperative (mean interval, 5.4 days), and late CT scans (mean interval, 31.0 months) at three levels of the descending thoracic aorta. Results: In the early postoperative CT images, complete false lumen thrombosis and/or true lumen expansion at the proximal descending aorta was observed in 46% of the patients. In the late images, complete thrombosis or resolution of the proximal descending false lumen occurred in 42.9% of the patients. Multivariate analysis found that juxta-anastomotic false lumen thrombosis was predictive of favorable early changes, which were in turn predictive of continuing later improvement. Conclusion: Even after conventional repair without inserting a frozen elephant trunk, the proximal descending aortic false lumen showed positive remodeling in a substantial number of patients. We believe that the long-term prognosis of type A dissection can be improved by refining surgical technique, and particularly by avoiding large intimal tears at the anastomosis site during the initial repair.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study suggests the exercise programs for improving the function and structure by applying the Schroth exercise method and sling exercise method to the scoliosis patient. METHODS: The subjects were 16 patients who were diagnosed with scoliosis. They were randomly assigned either to a Schroth exercise group (n=8) that received Schroth exercise program or to a sling exercise group (n=8) that received sling exercise program. Flexibility, static balance, dynamic balance, and spinal angles were measured by using the modified sit and reach test, one leg standing with closed eyes, functional reach test, and Cobb's angle, respectively. The chest expansion were calculated using differences of chest circumference between maximum inspiration and maximum expiration measured under armpits, at the junction between the sternum and xiphoid process, and at the waist. RESULT: Schroth group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the static balance, spine angle, chest expansion (p<.05). sling group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the flexibility, static balance, spine angle, chest expansion (p<.05). There were significantly differences between the both groups for chest expansion thoracic level inspiratory variables at post-exercise. CONCLUSION: These results revealed that two exercise program improved flexibility, static standing balance, spine angle, chest expansion level and ability used as scoliosis management and intervention. Therefore, it is expected to be used as a method for the treatment and prevention in the process of rehabilitation of patients with scoliosis.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.78-88
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• 2024

Background: This study was to investigate effects of flat-back posture during inhalation compared to normal posture, focusing on the expansion of the chest and the activation of neck muscles. Design: Case-control study. Methods: Thirty subjects participated in this study. Plumb line distances and Sagittal index were measured using a ruler and a laser level in the standing position to evaluate and classify thoracic kyphosis of the subjects. Chest expansion was measured using a ruler, and surface electromyography was used to measure muscle activity around the neck and shoulders during inhalation. Correlation analysis and independent t-tests were conducted to compare chest expansion and muscle activity around the neck between subjects with flat-back posture and those with normal posture during inhalation. Results: The correlation analysis showed a statistically significant positive correlation between Sagittal index and chest expansion at the level of the xiphoid process (r=.558, p<.05), and a statistically significant negative correlation between Sagittal index and activity of the upper trapezius at the onset of inhalation (r=-.368, p<.05). Independent t-test results indicated significant differences between the flat-back posture group and the normal posture group in the circumference of the xiphoid process at rest (p<.05) and in the activity of the upper trapezius at the onset of inhalation (p<.05). Conclusion: Flat-back posture influences a decrease in chest expansion and at the same time increases the muscle activity of the upper trapezius muscle at the beginning of inspiration.