• 보존과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2010

금속 유물 코팅제로 사용되는 V-Flon은 함께 사용되는 용제인 YK-D80의 늦은 휘발성으로 작업에는 용이하나, 후처리로 유물을 접합하거나 복원처리 시, 코팅제가 완전 경화되지 않고 흘러나오는 문제점이 발생한다. 따라서 함침처리 후에 코팅제의 경화 속도를 가속시키기 위해 열풍 건조기에서 경화시키는 경우가 대부분이다. 이러한 V-Flon의 용제 휘발 속도의 문제점을 보완하고자 적용시키는 열풍 건조에 대한 문제점을 알아보고, 용제와 농도에 따른 변화 정도를 살펴보아 가장 효과적인 용제와 그 조성을 찾고자 하였다. 6 종류의 용제를 선정하였고 농도는 10%, 20%, 30%의 세 가지 농도로 함침 처리하여 시편을 제작하였다. 그리고 시편의 상태를 알아보기 위해서 금속 표면의 색상 및 광택 변화, 코팅막 두께 측정, 코팅 후의 부식 실험, 접촉각을 통한 내수성 측정을 실시하여 코팅제의 안정성을 평가하였다. 자연 건조와 열풍 건조의 비교 실험 결과, 열풍 건조는 외부의 강제 건조로 데이터 값이 불안정하여 균일하고 안정한 코팅막 형성에는 문제가 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 용제의 농도에 따른 실험 결과 V-Flon을 Xylene 용제를 이용하여 10% 용액으로 제조하여 사용할 경우, 얇은 코팅막에도 불구하고 높은 수분 차단성을 가지고 있었으며, 낮은 광택과 색변화를 나타내는 안정된 코팅막을 형성할 수 있었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2016

Objectives : Mori Ramulus is a young branch of Morus alba Linne, which has been used as traditional medicines for antidiarrhea, antibacteria, and antihypertension in Korea. With the basis on these medicinal activities, it is registered at the Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia. The standard for quality control in use, however, is not yet validated.Methods : We experiment on heavy metals test, TLC, loss on drying, ash, acid-insoluble ash, contents of ethanolsoluble extracts and contents of oxyresveratrol by using the 15 samples of Mori Ramulus which are collected domestically. We tested items according to the General Test, processes and apparatus, Crude Drugs Test of KP(2011).Results : Purity test(Heavy metals) showed contents for Pb, As, Hg, and Cd range of 0.1~1.1 ppm, 0.0~0.2 ppm, 0.00~0.01 ppm, and 0.00~0.02 ppm. Identification test(Thin layer chromatography) was on comparing with morucine standard solution in R_f value, all samples showed morucine spot (dark blue, R_f : 0.3) as same as R_f value of morucine-standard solution. Loss on drying was ranged from 5.1 to 8.9 %, ash and acid-insoluble ash were between the range 3.0~6.3% and 0.3~0.8%. Contents of ethanol-soluble extracts was ranged from 6.2 to 12.0%. Content of oxyresveratrol was ranged from 0.01 to 0.16 % based on the oxyresveratrol standard curve.Conclusions : We sincerely hope that this study will be contributed to the standardization and quality control of Korean herbal medicines.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.463-486
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• 1995

The effect of moistening and air-drying of acid-conditioned dentin before priming on the formation of resin-dentin hybrid zone was investigated, Freshly extracted human molars were used and divided at random into 5 groups, Groups 1 - 3 consisted of specimens conditioned with 10 % phosphoric acid for 20 seconds; Group 1 served as a control in which the conditioned dentin was simply blot-dried with a damp facial tissue; Group 2 was air dried for 30 seconds ; Group 3 was air dried for 30 seconds and immediately remoistened for 10 seconds with air-water syringe. and then the specimen was blot-dried with a damp facial tissue. Groups 4-5 were not acid conditioned ; In group 4, the smear layer on the dentin was blot dried before primer placement; Group 5 was air dried only for 30 seconds, The acetone-based primer and bonding agent of All Bond 2 (Bisco. Inc., USA) and composite resin (Z-100, 3M Dental products, USA) were applied for acid conditioned dentin and non-conditioned dentin. The morphologic ultrastructure of resin-dentin hybrid zone was examined by the use of SEM and TEM. and the existence of inorganic material and analysis of Ca/P weight-percent ratio in the resin-dentin hybrid zone were revealed by the EDAX, The results were as follows : 1. In the moistened specimens from acid-conditioned groups, the resin penetrated about 3-$4{\mu}m$ into dentin and the denatured collagen smear layer was not present at the surface. The resin tag was formed to a thickeness of 3-$4{\mu}m$ at the upper part of dentinal tubule and compactively connected to each other by means of many lateral branching. 2. In the air-dried specimens from acid-conditioned groups, the resin penetrated about 2.0-$2.5\;{\mu}m$ into dentin and an upper thin black layer to a thickness of 30-35nm was identified between adhesive resin and demineralized collagen layer. The resin tag to have a diameter of $2.5{\mu}m$ was formed at the upper part of dentinal tubule. However the funnel shape of the tag was not notable compared to the moistened specimens. 3. In the remoistened specimens from acid conditioned groups, the resin penetrated about 2.0-$2.5{\mu}m$ into dentin and an upper black layer was not present. The resin tag at the upper part of dentinal tubule was formed less than $2{\mu}m$ and was weakly connected to each other by means of few lateral branching. 4. In the non-conditioned groups, the smear layer was formed to a thickness of $0.5{\mu}m$ at dentin surface. However, the resin-dentin hybrid zone was not identified by TEM. The evidence of resin penetration into intertubular and intratubular dentin did not show. 5. All the acid-conditioned groups showed that the detected calcium and phosphorus weight percent ratios at the $2{\mu}m$ upper portion from the resin-dentin interface into the resin were much higher than that at the $2{\mu}m$ lower portion from the resin-dentin interface to dentin. (P<0.01).

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of Pre-symposium of the 10th ISWPC
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• pp.50-55
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• 1999

Sizing development of AKD-sized paper by beta-ketoester formation has been debated until recent years because of absence of its obvious and direct spectroscopic evidence. In this study, reaction between AKD and cellulose was investigated to disclose the possibility of beta-ketoester formation between two components under no catalyzed neutral condition. In absence of water, AKD reacted with cellulose to form beta-ketoester linkage under no catalyzed neutral condition, while, in presence of water, most of AKD was hydrolyzed to a dialkyl ketone or beta-ketoacid. Therefore, the main mechanism of AKD sizing would not be the formation of beta-ketoester between AKD and cellulose in the papermaking process. It could be suggested that the sizing development of AKD-sized paper is obtained by next two mechanisms: 1) formation of a thin-layer of AKD on the fiber surface through melting and spreading of AKD emulsion particles by heat, and 2) the formation of ketone by the hydrolysis of AKD during drying and storage of AKD-sized papers.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1724-1728
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• 2002

The adsorption of proteins on the surface of glass slides is essential for the construction of protein chips. Here, we report that a Histidine (His)-tagged protein protein has been efficiently adsorbed on glass coated with nickel. A variety of nickel chloride-coated plates were prepared by the spin-coating method and adsorbed to the His-tagged protein. When the protein was adsorbed onto the surface of a variety of nickel chloride-coated glass slides, the efficiency of protein adsorption was dependent upon the coating conditions such as nickel chloride concentration, the spin speed and the drying temperature. The slides appropriate for protein adsorption were obtained when the slides were coated with 11%(w/w) of $NiCl_2$ at the spin speed of 4000 rpm for 20 sec and then dried at higher than 40°C. The physical properties of their nickel chloride thin layer were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy, finding that the nickel chloride particles were around 10 nm in diameter and uniformly crystallized at 101 faces. These results show that nickel chloride-coated slides prepared by the spin-coating method are utilizable for the construction of Histagged protein chips.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.401-409
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• 2010

This study was performed to develop an antibacterial film that can be dried at room temperature. A nanosized TiO$_2$ particle-dispersed solution was prepared by the hydrothermal treatment of peroxo-titanic acid at 160${^{\circ}C}$ for 4h. The binder was synthesized through the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of TEOS (10cc) and GPTS (3.5cc) in the mixture of H$_2$O (30cc) and EtOH (30cc). The synthesized binder was mixed with 0.1 M of TiO$_2$ solution in a volume ratio of binder/TiO$_2$ solution=0.25~0.5. The glass substrate was coated after using the dip coating method, which was then followed by drying for over 2h at room temperature. Although the TiO$_2$ particles did not chemically-bond to the binder, the coating layer strongly adhered to the substrate and displayed good antibacterial properties.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2017년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.99-99
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• 2017

국내 콩의 소비량은 계속적으로 증가하고 있다. 재배 면적은 1995년 10,000ha에서 2013년 8,000ha까지 계속적으로 감소하였으며, 수입은 2009년 644.9백만 달러에서 2013년 883.3백만 달러까지 계속적인 증가 추세에 있다. 건조는 품질 손상을 최소화 및 수분을 제거하는 공정이다. 모든 곡물에는 건조 조건에 따라서 품질이 크게 변화하며, 건조 과정을 해석하여 해당 곡물의 적정 건조 조건을 구명하여 품질을 유지하는 위해서는 중요하다(Keum, 등 1977). 얇은 두께의 곡물층을 단층으로 하여 건조속도 및 건조공기의 조건을 나타내는 것을 박층(Thin layer)건조모델이라 한다. 박층건조모델을 계속적으로 쌓은 모델을 후층(Deep layer)모델이라 하며, 건조기 개발 및 건조조건 구명에 가장 기본이 된다(Basunia and Abe, 1998). 그러나 해외에서 만들어진 콩 박층건조 모델은 국내의 검은콩과 물성이 상이하여 건조조건이 다르게 설정 되어야 한다. 따라서, 본 연구목적은 건조온도 2수준, 상대습도 3수준에 대하여 검은 콩의 건조속도 측정하고, 곡물건조방정식으로 많이 이용되고 있는 4개의 건조방정식에 대하여 모델 적합성을 검정하여 검은콩 건조에 적합한 박층건조모델 결정하는데 있다. 공시재료는 2015년 강원도지역에서 생산된 검은콩을 실험에 사용하였으며, 초기 함수율은 14.7%,w.b.였다. 박층 건조공기 조성은 공기조화장치(MTH4100, SANYO, UK)를 사용하여 조성하였으며, 송풍기에 의해 공기충만실을 통과하여 건조 층을 통과하도록 구성하였다. 목표 평형함수율에 도달하면 실험을 종료하였다. 건조 층의 초기중량 및 경시적 변화는 전자저울(GF-4000, AND, Japan)을 이용하여 10분 간격 측정하여 저장하였다. 적정 박층건조모델을 결정하기 위하여 기존의 곡물건조방정식 중 널리 사용되고 있는 4개(Lewis, 1921; Page, 1949; Thompson, 1967; Moisture diffusion, 1975)의 건조모델을 이용하여 비교 검증하였다. 건조 초기 2시간 까지는 급격히 감소하다가 건조속도에 영향을 미치는 반건조시간(MR=0.5) 이후에는 완만하게 건조되는 것으로 나타났고 건조조건으로 건조온도 및 상대습도 모두의 영향이 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 4가지 건조 모델과 비교한 결과 Thompson 모델이 전체 건조 영역에서 비교적 잘 일치하였다.

• 셀메드
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.21.1-21.9
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• 2021

Background: Unani System of Medicine (USM) has its origin to Greece. To ensure and develop the quality, authenticity of Unani drugs, standardization on modern analytical parameter is essential requirement for drugs. Objectives: The aimed of the present study was to develop a standard profile of "Qurṣ-e-Mafasil" by systematic study through authenticated ingredients, pharmacognostic identification followed by physicochemical, TLC, HPTLC fingerprinting analysis as per standard protocol. Material and Methods: In this study three batches of "Qurṣ-e-Mafasil" QM were prepared by standard method as per UPI had been followed by organoleptic properties of formulation such as appearance, color, odor, taste. Powder Microscopy and physicochemical studies were carried out such as Uniformity of weight, Friability, Disintegration time, hardness, LOD, ash vales and extractive values in like aqueous, alcohol & hexane. Further qualitative tests such as Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC), and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) studies were also carried out to develop fingerprint pattern of the alcoholic solvent extract of QM. Phytochemical screening was carried out in different solvent extracts such as alcoholic, aqueous and chloroform extracts to detect the presence phytoconstituents in the formulation QM. Heavy metals, Microbial Load Contamination and pesticidal residues were also determined. Results: Qurṣ-e-Mafasil showed tablet-like appearance, light brown colour, mild pungent odour and acrid taste. Uniformity of weight (mg), friability (rpm), and hardness (kg/cm) and disintegration time was ranged between (500 to 503), (0.0340 to 0.038), (8.40 to 8.67) and (4-5 minutes) respectively for the three batches. Loss in weight on drying at 105℃ was ranged between (8.3425 to 8.7346). Extracted values were calculated in distilled water ranged between (30.9091 to 31.4358), hexane (1.1419 to 1.4281), and alcohol (3.3352 to 3.3962). The ash values recorded were ranged between (3.7336 to 3.8378), and acid insoluble ash (0.5859 to 0.6112).

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.51-69
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• 1993

열대 및 아열대 태평양상에서 TOVS(Tiros Operational Vertical Sounder) 가강수량의 추정을 위한 모형을 사용하여 열대 기상 중 하나인 TP(Tropical Plume) 또는 Flare-up현상의 수 증기장을 분석하였다. 전가강수량 모형(71.1% 의 변량과 0.62 g $cm^{-2}$의 표준편차)와 중 대류고도 모형(71.7의 변량과 0.17 g $cm^{-2}$의 표준편차)을 선택하여 Tropical Plume 현상 에 대해 TOVS 가강수량, ECMWF(European Centre of Medium Range Weater Forecasts) 가강 수량, SMMR(Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer) 가강수량과 OLR(Outgoing Longwave Radiation)을 상호비교하고 평가하였다. TOVS가강수량 모형으로는 Tropical Plume이 단지 초기단계인 상층운과 얇은 중층운으로 이루어졌을 때는 이 현상을 식별하기 어려웠으나 발 달단계인 상층운과 짙은 중층운이 존재할 때는 이현상이 뚜렷하였다. ECMWF 가강수량은 종관 기상현상은 잘 설명하였으나 Tropical Plume은 뚜렷하지 않았으며, 열대 수렴대와 남태평양 수렴 대에서는 대체로 TOVS 가강량보다 과습하였다. SMMR 가강수량도 TOVS 가강수량과 비슷한 현상을 보였으나 특히, OLR은 Tropical Plume 현상이 가장 뚜렷이 나타났다.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표논문집
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• pp.83-83
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• 2000

Alkylketene dimer was known as a cellulose reactive or alkaline size because it does not require to fix to the fiber as do the traditional rosin sizes. A proposed sizing mechanism of AKD was the formation of P -ketoester bond between AKD and cellulose which provides the permanent attachment and the orientation of the hydrophobic alkylchains outward. However, some questions about the reaction had arisen and thus, the sizing mechanism of AKD has been a subject of controversy for several decades. The major concern of the controversy is that AKD is really reactive with cellulose or not in the papermaking conditions. In this study, reaction between AKD and pulp fiber was investigated, in order to find out whether AKD forms P-ketoester with pulp fiber during aging under no catalyzed neutral condition with obvious spectroscopic evidence. In addition, effect of aging treatment on the sizing development was studied. It has been disclosed that, in absence of water, AKD reacted with cellulose to form P -ketoester linkage under no catalyzed neutral condition, while, in presence of water, most of AKD was hydrolyzed to a dialkyl ketone or P -ketoacid. In addition, during the aging treatment of AKD-sized paper, its typical IR spectra bands gradually were reduced, completely disappeared after 6hr aging, and formed new absorption bands at 1707cm-' and shoulder peak at 1700cm-' which refer to the typical dialkylketone absorption bands. Therefore, the formation of P -ketoester between AKD and pulp fiber is impossible in the practical papermaking process. It could be suggested that the sizing development of AKD-sized paper is obtained by next two mechanism: 1) formation of a thin-layer of AKD on the fiber surface through melting and spreading of AKD emulsion particles by heat and 2) the hydrolysis of AKD to dialkyl ketone which has higher melting point, during drying and storage of AKD sized papers.