• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.643-648
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• 2008

Ultra-thin sheet metal forming techniques are required in precision forming of miniaturized and integrated products. In order to manufacture a good quality and low cost ultra-thin sheet metal products, a highly precise high-speed press is needed. The precision of a press is related with its vibration characteristics during pressing operation. This study evaluated the vibration characteristics of a proposed press design using computer simulation. The analysis compares the static deformation characteristics of the slide and the slide motion for the metal forming of an ultra-thin sheet of thickness less than 0.1mm. Further, in order to minimize the vibrations during high speed pressing operation, revolution balances of the eccentric shaft and the balance weight device is also considered. Finally, modal analysis is used to characterize the natural frequency of vibration of the press.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.179-185
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• 2021

Lithium ion batteries are generally manufactured by laser and etching using aluminum thin sheet. These processes are relatively expensive and have low productivity. In this study, blanking process of aluminum thin sheet for lithium ion battery was employed to replace laser cutting and etching process, all to reduce the production cost and improve productivity. Mechanical properties for aluminum and coating were determined by experimental results and rule of mixture for FE analysis of blanking process. Normalized Cockcroft-Latham criteria was also applied to describe shear behavior and critical damage values were determined by comparison of analytical and experimental result. We performed FE analysis to investigate the effects of clearance and punch-die radius on sheared surface of aluminum thin sheet and to determine optimal process condition. We manufactured the die set using the determined optimal process and conducted an experiment to confirm the feasibility of blanking process. The sheared surface of manufactured product was observed by optical microscope. As a results, the proposed process conditions successfully achieved the dimensional requirement in production of lithium ion battery parts.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.323-330
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• 2020

The surface region of a sheet metal may have different characteristics from the inner region because the surface region is less restricted than the interior. In addition, the grains on the free surface are less hardened because of surface adsorption of the dislocations, rather than piling up. In the case of bulk or thick sheet metals, this effect is negligible because the fraction of the surface region is much smaller than that of the inner region. However, this surface effect is important in the case of ultra-thin sheet metals. In order to evaluate the surface effect, tensile and bending tests were performed for the SS304 stainless steel with a thickness of 0.39 mm. The bending force predicted using the tensile behavior is higher than the measurement because of the surface effect. To account for the surface effect, the surface layer model was developed by dividing the sheet section into surface and inner layers. The mechanical behaviors of the two regions were calibrated using the tensile and bending properties. The surface layer model reproduced the bending behavior of the ultra-thin sheet metal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.292-292
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• 2011

TFT (Thin Film Transistor)에서 공정을 단순화 시키고, 가격을 하락시키기 위해서는 Poly-Si을 대체할 물질이 필요하다. 이 연구에서는 Chalcogenide Material의 하나인 GeTe 박막을 이용하여 TFT Channel으로 사용 가능한 물질인지 알아보기 위하여 Post-Annealing을 한 뒤, 상 변화에 따른 박막의 저항 변화, Carrier Concentration (cm-3)과 Mobility (cm2V-1s-1)의 변화를 알아보았다. Sputtering을 이용하여 증착한 GeTe 100 nm Thin Film 위에 Sputtering을 이용하여 SiO2 5 nm를 Capping Layer로 증착한 후, Post-Annealing을 200$^{\circ}C$, 300$^{\circ}C$, 400$^{\circ}C$, 500$^{\circ}C$로 온도를 변화 시키며 진행하였고, 이로 인하여 GeTe Thin Film에 외부의 영향을 최소화 하였다. 먼저 GeTe Thin Film의 Sheet Resistance를 측정한 결과는 300$^{\circ}C$ 까지 낮은 Sheet Resistance의 거동을 보이며 반면, 400$^{\circ}C$ 이상이 되면 높은 Sheet Resistance의 거동을 보인다. Hall Measurement를 통해, Carrier Concentration과 Mobility를 알아보았다. Carrier Concentration은 온도가 증가하면 1E+19에서 1E+21 까지 증가하며, Mobility는 감소하는 경향을 보인다. 500$^{\circ}C$ Post-Annealed GeTe Thin Film에서는 Resistivity가 상당히 높아 4 Point Probe (Range : 1 mohm/sq~2 Mohm/sq)로 측정이 불가능하다. XRD로 GeTe Thin Film을 분석한 결과 as-grown, 200$^{\circ}C$, 300$^{\circ}C$에서는 Cubic의 결정 구조를 보이며, Sheet Resistance가 급격히 증가한 400$^{\circ}C$, 500$^{\circ}C$에서는 Rhombohedral의 결정구조를 보인다. GeTe Thin Film은 400$^{\circ}C$ 이상의 Post-Annealing 온도에서 cubic 구조에서 Rhombohedral 구조로 상 변화가 일어난다. 위 결과를 통해, 결정 구조의 변화가 GeTe Thin Film의 저항, Carrier Concentration과 Mobility에 밀접한 영향이 미치는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.72-83
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• 1987

In axisymmetric tube reducing process for thin sheet metal tubes, the reduction ration of diameter is an important factor in the process design. For very thin sheet metal tubes, tube reducing cannot be successfully employed due to wrinkling of the edge portion of a tube as well as due to buckling of its rest portion. In the present study, thin sheet metal tubes are subjected to internal pressure during the tube reducing process in order to increase the forming limits. Analysis is made for the sound flow deformation in nonsteady tube reducing considering the normal anisotropy. Experiments are carried out for brass tubes. The present study is shown to give an effective guide line in designing the tube reducing process for very thin-walled sheet metal tubes. Hpwever, it is suggested that an analysis for instability should be made to design the process more effectively.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1145-1148
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• 2008

The present status and trend of oxide phosphor thin-film development for thin-film electroluminescent (TFEL) device application are presented in this paper. Recently, several newly developed types of bendable or bendable see-through oxide TFEL lamps have been fabricated using the TFEL technology with a newly developed bendable ceramic sheet, glass sheet or sapphire sheet substrate, which has become available on the market. Stable operation at high temperatures was obtained in double-insulating-layer-type TFEL lamps fabricated with a $Zn_2Si_{0.6}Ge_{0.}4O_4$:Mn thin-film emitting layer forming on translucent or transparent bendable sheet substrates.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.50-58
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• 1998

A proper model of expert system for the very thin sheet metal press die design has been suggested. Using the suggested model, an expert system of the very thin sheet metal press die has been developed. This study contains that the results from the developed system for three kinds of specimens have the adaptability in the actual site. In addition, the possibility for expansion of this system has been discussed. The developed system, which is based on the knowledge base, has been included in a lot of expert's technology in the practice field. C-language under the HP-UNIX system and CIS customer language of the EXCESS CAD/CAM system have been used as the overall CAD environment. Results from this system will provide effective aids to the designer in this field.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.179-184
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• 2010

The present study is focused on the deep drawability and product qualities of ultra thin beryllium copper sheet metal. The goal of this research is to investigate the limit drawing ratio in deep drawing of ultra thin beryllium copper metal. For the experiment, beryllium copper(C1720, $50{\mu}m$ in thickness) is used. Tensile test are also carried out to find out the material properties. Deep drawing experiments are carried out in Universal Testing Machine(UTM) to obtain limit drawing ratio. Deep drawing tests are carried out for various specimen sizes. Teflon film is used as a lubricant and constant blank holding force is imposed. Sheet thickness and surface hardness are measured along radial direction after deep drawing. Thickness is measured using optical microscope. For beryllium copper(C1720), the maximum LDR of 2.4 is obtained when the die shoulder radius is 20 or 30 times of sheet thickness.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.19-24
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• 2004

The laser welding and its analysis of thin-sheet carbon steels were carried out with high power $CO_{2}$ laser. The main factor of weld quality of laser welding is gap and edge quality. This work was preformed to focus on the gap tolerance problem during laser welding. First, bead on plate welding of thin sheet was examined to investigate the effect of laser welding variables, and to obtain optimum welding condition. Butt welding was also carried out to show the effect of gap on the laser weldability of thin sheet. In order to investigate the effect of gap on formability of welded thin sheet, LDH test was caried out. At high welding speed, the partial penetration was obtained by low heat input. Otherwise, porosity was formed in the bead at low weld speed because of too much heat input. The optimum welding condition of welding was derived from bead width, penetration and hardness property. The maximum gap tolerance on laser welding was observed to be about 0.2mm. This gap size has good relationship with beam size of laser spot(about 0.3mm). The formability of welded sheet was about $80{\%}$ value of base metal and the gap size has not affected on the formability, although weld quality is dependent on the gap size.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2008

Electromagnetic Forming (EMF) technology such as magnetic pulse forming, which is one of the high velocity forming methods, has been used for the joining and forming process in various industry fields. This method could be derived a series of deformation of sheet metal by using a strong magnetic field. In this study, numerical approach by finite element simulation of the electromagnetic forming process was presented. A transient electromagnetic finite element code was used to obtain the numerical model of the time-varying currents that are discharged through the coil in order to obtain the transient magnetic forces. Also, the body forces generated in electromagnetic field were used as the loading condition to analyze deformation of thin sheet metal workpiece using explicit dynamic finite element code. In this study, after finite element analysis for thin sheet metal forming process with free surface configuration was performed, analytical approach for a dimpled shape by using EMF was carried out. Furthermore, the simulated results of the dimpled shape by EMF were compared with that by a conventional solid tool in view of the deformed shape. From the results of finite element analysis, it is confirmed that the EMF process could be applied to thin sheet metal forming.