• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.132-141
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• 2002

The effects of microstructure on fretting wear were investigated in Inconel 690 tube. The microstructure observation indicated that the solution annealing temperature and time affected the grain size of the Inconel 690 tubes. The carbide morphology, along grain boundaries, was mainly affected by thermal treatment time and temperature. The wear test results showed that specimens with larger grain size and with coarse carbides along grain boundaries had better wear resistance. Cracks were found in specimens with carbides along the grain boundary, while few cracks were found in carbide free specimens. It seemed that the carbides on grain boundary assisted crack formation and propagation in carbide containing specimens. On the other hand, the micro-hardness of specimen did not have a major role in fretting wear. It could be inferred from the SEM images of worn surfaces that the main wear mechanism of carbide containing specimen was delamination, while that of carbide free specimen was abrasion.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2017

A thin film thermoelectric generator that consisted of 5 p/n pairs was fabricated with $1{\mu}m$-thick n-type $In_3Sb_1Te_2$ and p-type $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ deposited via radio frequency magnetron sputtering. First, $1{\mu}m$-thick GST and IST thin films were deposited at $250^{\circ}C$ and room temperature, respectively, via radio-frequency sputtering; these films were annealed from 250 to $450^{\circ}C$ via rapid thermal annealing. The optimal power factor was found at an annealing temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. To demonstrate thermoelectric generation, we measured the output voltage and estimated the maximum power of the n-IST/p-GST generator by imposing a temperature difference between the hot and cold junctions. The maximum output voltage and the estimated maximum power of the $1{\mu}m$-thick n-IST/p-GST TE generators are approximately 17.1 mV and 5.1 nW at ${\Delta}T=12K$, respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.490-499
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• 1989

These days the closed cycle gas turbine attracts considerable attention due to : (1) The possibility of directly coupling the closed cycle gas turbine with a high temperature gas cooled reactor ; (2) the economical use of dry coolers to reduce the thermal charge of the environment ; and (3) the reduction of pollution and energy consumption, by replacing the domestic hearth by a central heating and power station. In this paper, we selected the optimal cycle from the characteristic of thermodynamic cycle for the optimal design of closed CO$_{2}$ gas turbine cycle usuable in nuclear energy power plant. Also the effects of between the parameters and thermal efficiency were investigated by computer simulation. These results and design data will be added to basics in optimal designing closed CO$_{2}$ cycle gas turbine plant.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.95-99
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• 2005

This paper presents a general proposal to design and calculate the performance of a tubular permanent magnet linear generator treated here on the basis of the Finite Element Method. Optimizing the linear generator dimensions reduces the cogging force, which occurs due to the interaction between stator teeth and the permanent magnets. The generated AC voltage is analyzed and evaluated for both no load and load cases to take the armature reaction effects on the air gap flux density. A repetitive routine is followed to calculate the output AC voltage from the change of flux and the speed of the single-phase linear generator. The AC output voltage is calculated for different resistive loads, and hence, the linear generator load characteristic is obtained. The designed linear generator is capable to generate an output power of 5.3kW with AC output voltage of 222V with an efficiency of 96.8% at full load of 23.8A. The full load current is chosen based on the thermal properties of the coil wire insulations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.341-344
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• 2007

Kyoto Protocol against global warming came into effect in Feb 2005. Korea is expected to be put under obligation to decrease the $CO_2$ emission from 2013. Because the electric power plants burning fossil fuel occupy 25% of national $CO_2$ emission, calculating the amount is very important. This paper presents ; - a brief procedure of performance test of D thermal power plant - calculation and comparison of $CO_2$ emission of D power plant w.r.t the generator output for LNG and residual oil using the a, b, c coefficients obtained by the performance test - and a brief description on currently used chemical method for calculation of $CO_2$ emission

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.3464-3466
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• 2007

Power uprate is the process of increasing the maximum power level at which a commercial nuclear power plant may operate. Power uprate applications(113 units) for NPPs(Nuclear Power Plants) were recently approved in the United States. Utilities have been using power uprates since the 1970s as a way of increasing the power output of their nuclear plants. To increase the power output of a reactor, typically more highly enriched uranium fuel and/or more fresh fuel is used. This enables the reactor to produce more thermal energy and therefore more steam, driving a turbine generator to produce electricity. In this paper, the propriety of power uprate is explained through the review on the power uprate method and the changes of the physical parameters due to power uprate. The analysis results showed that the CDF(Core Damage Frequency) and LERF(Large Early Release Frequency) are affected in the current probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 1998

Combined cycle power plant is a system where a gas turbine or a steam turbine is used to produce shaft power to drive a generator for producing electrical power and the steam from the HRSG is expanded in a steam turbine for additional shaft power. The temperature of the exhaust gases from a gas turbine ranges from $400{\sim}650^{\circ}C$, and can be used effectively in a heat recovery steam generator to produce steam. Combined cycle can be classed as a topping and bottoming cycle. The first cycle, to which most of the heat is supplied, is a Brayton gas turbine cycle. The wasted heat it produces is then utilized in a second process which operates at a lower temperature level is a steam turbine cycle. The combined gas and steam turbine power plant have been widely accepted because, first, each separate system has already proven themselves in power plants as an independent cycle, therefore, the development costs are low. Secondly, using the air as a working medium, the operation is relatively non- problematic and inexpensive and can be used in gas turbines at an elevated temperature level over $1000^{\circ}C$. The steam process uses water, which is likewise inexpensive and widely available, but better suited for the medium and low temperature ranges. It therefore, is quite reasonable to use the steam process for the bottoming cycle. Recently gas turbine attained inlet temperature that make it possible to design a highly efficient combined cycle. In the present study, performance analysis of a 3 pressured combined cycle power plant is carried out to investigate the influence of topping cycle to combined cycle performance. Present calculation is compared with acceptance performance test data from SeoInchon combined cycle power plant. Present results is expected to shed some light to design and manufacture 150~200MW class heavy duty gas turbine whose conceptual design is already being undertaken.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.716-720
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• 2021

In this study, we examine the availability of a cooling patch to enhance the output power of a hybrid energy device (HED) comprising a photovoltaic cell (PVC) and a thermoelectric generator (TEG). The cooling patch attached on the back of the TEG drops the temperature of the PVC via the TEG and makes a large thermal gradient across the TEG under irradiances in a range of 200 to 1000 W/m². The cooling patch is more effective for the output power of the HED as the irradiance increases, and it enhances the maximum output power of the HED to 42.1 mW at an irradiance of 1000 W/m². The increment in the maximum output power reaches 27% owing to the attachment of the cooling patch that does not consume any power.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.507-514
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• 1999

한국전력에서는 인천화력 4호기 수명연장의 일환으로 여자시스템 교체가 이루어졌다. 기존의 회전형 여자 시스템은 발전기축에 부여자기와 교류여자기가 부착되어 회전하는 형태로 과거 스위칭소자 용량의 한계를 극복하기 위하여 설계된 시스템으로 전력연구원에는 회전형 여자시스템을 새롭게 개발된 아날로그와 디지털의 하이브리드 제어기와 대용량 사이리스터 제어정류기를 가지고 잇는 정지형 이중화 여자시스템으로 교체하였다. 설비의 신뢰성을 높이기 위하여 정지형 여자시스템의 상태를 순시 감시하기 위한 데이터 취득 시스템이 설치 되었고 위상제어정류기는 운전시 1대가 고장이 발생하더라도 발전기의 전부하 능력을 유지하기 위하여 3대가 병렬로 운전되는 N+1 방식을 채택하였다. 시스템의 신뢰성 시험은 성능평가를 위한 시운전시에 검증되었으며 성공적으로 운전중에 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2013

This study deals with the effects of major geometric parameters on the sound wave output of a thermal acoustic system. The output power of the acoustic wave was dependent on the stack position, stack length, resonator tube length, and input power. In experiments, the maximum SPL was generated when the stack was placed between one-fourth to half, resonator and stack length were longer, and input power was increased. The frequency was recorded to be 437 and 885 Hz when the resonator tube length was 200 and 100 mm, respectively. Therefore, when the resonator tube length was shorter, a higher frequency was recorded.