• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2009

A study is made of thermal plume flow model for the development of helicopter simulator over the forest fire. For the numerical analysis, a line fire model with Boussinesq fluid approximation, which is idealized by the spreading shape of forest fire on the ground, is adopted. Comparing full 2-D and 3-D numerical solutions with 2-D similarity solution, it has been built a new model that is useful for temperature prediction along the symmetric vertical axis of fire model for both cases of laminar and turbulent flow.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.578-584
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• 2019

The occurrence of white plume in the cooling tower is phenomenon that the steam in the air through the cooling tower fan is condensed again by the cold ambient air to become saturated moist air. Accordingly, this can cause many problems like spoiling landscape around the cooling tower, odor of ambient air, falling accident by frozenness in the winter, and traffic accident, etc. This study was to install the heat exchanger in the inside of the cooling tower in order to prevent the white plume phenomenon in the cooling tower without affecting the performance of cooling tower. In addition, this study was to discharge the part of cooling water into the atmosphere through the recirculation of heat exchanger after creating dry air by heating the saturated moist air to the dew point temperature. At that time, this study was to conduct the experimental study in order to secure the optimal design data to prevent the white plume in the cooling tower because it checked the dry·moist temperature and relative humidity in the inside·outside of cooling tower on the moist air, and evaluated the performance of the heat exchanger.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2007년도 제28회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.179-182
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• 2007

현재 예비설계가 진행 중인 새로운 다목적실용위성은 자세 및 궤도조정을 위해 4.45 N의 단일추진제 추력기를 장착할 예정이다. 본 논문에서는 추력기 작동시 분출되는 플룸이 위성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 직접모사법(Direct Simulation Monte-Carlo Method)을 이용해 3차원 위성체 기저부 형상에 대해 수치해석을 수행하였고, 이를 통해 플룸의 온도 및 밀도 분포와 태양 전지판으로의 복사열전달 양을 예측하였다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.440-443
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• 2008

Plume radiation has been measured during ground tests of KSLV-I kick motor in order to predict the thermal load on the equipment around the kick motor at flight. The measuring positions are the kick motor base, and the measured heats were about 2${\sim}$5 w/cm$^2$. The measured heat showed a lot of shot fluctuation in their values, and the radiative heats at the latter half of time are higher than those of the first half. A plausible explanation for these phenomena was given as the variation of alumina particles with time. The radiative heats along the plume axis were also measured recently at 8 positions with 1.5m radius from plume axis, but only the initial parts of the results could be acceptable because the sensor were damaged by the accumulated heat. The strongest heat occurred at the middle of the plume, which can be explained with different view factors. Despite of the plausible explanation, it seems to need more analysis because the plume structure such as temperature, alumina particle, after burning has not been revealed until yet. The measure heat flux has been reflected in the prediction of the plume radiation at high altitude where the kick motor operates.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2018

발사체로부터 분리된 정지궤도위성은 천이궤도로 진입한 후에 액체원지점엔진을 사용하여 충분한 속도증분을 얻음으로써 정지궤도로 진입하게 된다. 이때 우주공간으로 배출되는 액체원지점엔진의 배기가스 중 일부는 고진공 환경에서 팽창하는 동안 위성체 방향으로 역류하는 후방유동으로 발달하게 된다. 이러한 후방유동은 위성체에 충돌하면서 자세제어 교란, 표면 오염, 열전달 등의 영향을 끼치게 되므로 정지궤도위성 임무성능의 저하를 유발할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정지궤도위성에 사용되는 400 N급 액체원지점엔진에서 배출되는 배기가스의 거동을 해석하였다. 이를 위해 볼츠만방정식에 기반을 둔 직접모사법(DSMC)을 사용하였다. 해석결과로 액체원지점엔진에서 배출된 배기가스의 온도 및 수밀도와 같은 열유동 특성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2015

An artificial recharge test aimed at investigating transport characteristics of the injected water plume in a fractured rock aquifer was conducted. The test used an injection well for injecting tap water whose temperature and electrical conductivity were different from the groundwater. Temporal and depth-wise variation of temperature and electrical conductivity was monitored in both the injection well and a nearby observation well. A highly permeable fracture zone acting as the major pathway of groundwater flow was distinctively revealed in the monitoring data. A finite element subsurface flow and transport simulator (FEFLOW) was used to investigate sensitivity of the transport process to associated aquifer parameters. Simulated results showed that aperture thickness of the fracture and the hydraulic gradient of groundwater highly affected spatio-temporal variation of temperature and electrical conductivity of the injected water plume. The study suggests that artificial recharge of colder water in a fractured rock aquifer could create a thermal plume persistent over a long period of time depending on hydro-thermal properties of the aquifer as well as the amount of injected water.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.45-57
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• 1997

The direct contact condensation phenomenon, which occurs when steam is injected into the subcooled water, has been experimentally investigated. Two plume shapes in the stable condensation regime are found to be conical and ellipsoidal shapes depending on the steam mass flux and the liquid subcooling. Divergent plumes, however, are found when the subcooling is relatively small. The measured expansion ratio of the maximum plume diameter to the injector inner diameter ranges from 1.0 to 2.3. By means of fitting a large amount of measured data, an empirical correlation is obtained to predict the steam plume length as a function of a dimensionless steam mass flux and a driving potential for the condensation process. The average heat transfer coefficient of direct contact condensation has been found to be in the range 1.0~3.5 ㎿/$m^2$.$^{\circ}C$. Present results show that the magnitude of the average condensation heat transfer coefficient depends mainly on the steam mass fin By using dynamic pressure measurements and visual observations, six regimes of direct contact condensation have been identified on a condensation regime map, which are chugging, transition region from chugging to condensation oscillation, condensation oscillation, bubbling condensation oscillation, stable condensation, and interfacial oscillation condensation. The regime boundaries are quite clearly distinguishable except the boundaries of bubbling condensation oscillation and interfacial oscillation condensation.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2004

Multi plume effects on the base heating have been Investigated with a CFD program. As the flight altitude increases, the plume expansion angle increases regardless of the single or clustered engine. The plume interaction of the clustered engine makes a high temperature thermal shear in the center of four plumes. At low altitude, the high temperature shear flow stays in the center of plumes, but it increases up to engine base with the increasing altitude. At high altitude, the flow from plume to base and the flow from base into outer free stream are supersonic, which transfers the high heat in the center of plumes to the base region. The radiative heat of the clustered engine varies from 220 kW/m² to 469 kW/m² with increasing altitude while those of the single engine are 10 kW/m² and 43.7 kW/m². And the base temperature of the clustered engine varies from 985K to 1223K, and those of the single engine are 483K and 726K. This big radiative heat of clustered engine can be explained by the active high temperature base flow and strong plume interactions.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.185-194
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• 1993

원격탐측은 초기에는 자연현상이나 지표대상물의 개략적인 분포와 변화를 추출하는데 사용되어 왔으나 최근에는 식물의 분광특성을 이용한 농업조사, 산림조사나 지하자원탐사, 해양상의 수온 및 해류분포조사, 기상조사 등 많은 분야에 응용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 원격탐측의 많은 응용분야 중에서 해양으로 배출되는 공장온배수의 확산범위를 조사하기 위하여 지구자원 탐사위성인 LANDSAT-5호에 탑재되어 있는 TM에 의해 얻어진 영상과 지상탐측기인 열적외주사기 Thermo Tracer에 의해 얻어진 열적외 영상을 이용하였다. LANDSAT TM영상의 Band 6은 열적외 Band로서 NASA의 CSFC에서 제공한 변환식 및 사후검정값을 이용하여 Band 6의 gray level값으로부터 해수온도 분포를 추출하였으며, Thermo Tracer의 열적외 영상은 TH1100 Series의 Processing mode를 이용하여 온도분포를 얻었다. 이와 같은 영상을 분석한 결과 근해의 수심이 얕은 지역의 해수온도는 담수온도와 내륙온도의 영향을 크게 받고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 온배수의 확산범위 및 면적을 시각적 및 정량적으로 나타낼 수 있었다. 또한 열적외선 주사영상을 이용하여 보다 세부적인 확산범위를 제시할 수 있었으며 LANDSAT영상결과와 거의 동일한 결과를 나타냄을 알 수 있다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.620-624
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• 2004

Optical emission studies were performed to investigate thermal and dynamical properties of a plume produced by laser ablation of a graphite target in a nitrogen atmosphere. Experimental spectra of $C_2(d^3{\Pi}_g{\to}a^3{\Pi}_u$, ${\Delta}_V$=1) and CN ($B^2{\Sigma}^+{\to}X^2{\Sigma}^+,{\Delta}_V=0)$ were simulated to obtain the vibrational and rotational temperatures of the electronically excited species at various laser fluences and distances from the target. The spectroscopic temperatures of both molecules were found to be nearly independent of the laser fluence. The temperature of CN molecules was peaked in the middle of the plume while that of $C_2$decreased with increase in the distance. At a given distance, the temperature of CN molecules was clearly higher than that of $C_2$.