• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2002

Present communication deals with quantitative determination of total lipid, triglycerides, total free fatty acids, phospholipids and total cholesterol in the fat body tissue of the silkworm adapted to low and high temperatures. At the end of spinning process is characterized by a marked cellular reorganization of the different lipid fraction of the fat body irrespective of thermal acclimation. Accordingly, the per cent composition of triglycerides of the total lipid is increased accompanied by a corresponding decrease in free fatty acids, phospholipids and cholesterol.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.788-791
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• 1996

A mathematical model is developed for thermal solution copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile in a continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR). Computational studies are carried out with the continuous copolymerization system model developed in this work to give the monomer conversion, copolymer composition and the average molecular weights of the copolymer. By performing the dynamic analysis of the reaction system, the polymer properties against the changes in the operating conditions are determined quantitatively. The cascade PID and fuzzy controller show satisfactory performances for both set point tracking and disturbance rejection. Especially, the fuzzy controller is superior to the PID controller.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.77-80
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• 1967

Radiolysis of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) has been studied. Parameters for crosslinking and scission induced by gamma-ray irradiation were obtained by means of sol-gel partitioning method. G-value of crosslinking in PAN ($\bar{M}n=6{\times}10^5$) was 0.038 and the gel dose 21.6 Mrad. The effects of irradiation on the thermal degradation rate in PAN was also studied. No appreciable changes in thermal degradation rate observed up to 81.8 Mrad of irradiation dose.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.307-311
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• 1997

This paper describes influence of thermal deformation on nosic characteristics in high speed spindle systems. Heat generation in front, rear spindle bearings and built in motor lead to diverse thermal deformation of headstock with time. This deformation changes assemble tolerance in bearing housing, especially to elliptic form. The elliptic assemble tolerance generate high nosie level with dominant amplitude in double rotational frequency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.364-368
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• 1997

The purpose of this Study was to determine thermal sensation and physiological responses for men in summer indoor environment, under various air temperature and relative humidity, with male university students. Subjective Evaluation, Heart Rate Variability(HRV), Electroencephalogram(EEG) were examined. We found that comfort of people was achieved at 50% R.H., 24C, and the difference of skin temperature was found at the calf area as air temperature changes. At low air temperature and low humidity, heart rate was decreased, but there was no change at brain wave, keeping a-wave.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.27 no.1 s.53
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• pp.127-133
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the aroma and volatile component changes from a different stalk positions of Korean flue-cured tobacco. Eight different stalk positions of flue-cured leaf tobaccos harvested in 2001 were used for this study. Thermal extraction method at two different treatment temperature($50\;amp;\;80^{\circ}C$) was applied for this experiment. Forty eight kinds of aroma and volatile components such as 2,4-heptadienal, hexadecane, 1-methyl-1H- pyridine, 2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole were analyzed by using thermal extraction method. All of aroma and volatile components of leaf tobaccos were changed from a different stalk positions and treatment temperature. Leaf tobaccos in middle stalk position have a higher concentration of aroma and volatile components such as norsolanidione, 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 4-methyl-4-OH-2-pentanone, acetic acid, propylene glycol, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole. Also, Megastigmatrienone 1, 3-oxo-[alpha]­ionol, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, heptadecane, 6-methyl-2-isohexyl-l-heptene concentration were low in the middle stalk position and high in both bottom and upper position. Treatment temperature affected on the changes of many aroma and volatile components in leaf tobacco. Most of aroma and volatile components such as, 2,4-Heptadienal, dodecanoic methylester, famesol isomer and 3-acetylpyridine were sharply increased as increasing treatment temperature. This results can be used to estimate the aroma characteristics of cigarette blend using a different stalk position of leaf tobacco.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2002

This study examined the changes in body temperature through conductive heat applied to the body and clarified the influences of body fluid on the thermal effects. Body fluid was measured using the Segmental Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis method. The subjects consisted of 13 men and 14 women. TBW was 37.56 (4.35 L for men and 29.93 (3.12 L for women, with the former being significantly (p<0.01) higher. The amount of body fluid in the right and left legs was 6.46 (0.83 L and 6.39 (0.86 L for men and 4.78 (0.49 L and 4.78 (0.49 L for women, respectively, with men's values being significantly (p<0.01) higher than women's on both the right and left sides. The maximal change in the surface temperature was 33.93 (0.61(C at the start of a warm bath to 3407 (0.61(C after 14 min for men. In contrast, the maximal change was 33.38 (0.99(C at the start to 33.73 (0.86(C after 18 min for women. For the other sites, the maximal temperature in Depths 1 and 2 was attained earlier for men than for women. The decrease in body temperature after the end of warming was more remarkable for men. Men had fluid with a higher conductivity than women, indicating influences of body fluid on the changes in body temperature. There were few changes in body composition with a partial bath having a crossed effect, indicating that this is a safe therapeutic method for elderly people.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1155-1160
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• 2011

High-strength nickel-based super alloys have been widely used in aircraft engines, vessel engines, and turbine blades because of their high strength and excellent fatigue and oxidation resistance. In this study, tests were carried out to determine the total strain range and temperature for high-strength nickel-based super alloys. Prepared specimens of IN738LC were exposed to temperatures of $871^{\circ}C$ and $982^{\circ}C$ for 1,000.10,000 h. These specimens were subjected to tests of mechanical properties and microstructure observations. The changes in mechanical properties were related to changes in ${\gamma}$ according to the thermal exposure time.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.88-97
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• 2009

In these days, it attracts our attention to create a green outdoor environment around the building block in urban area. Green space and permeable ground covering are increased by laws and regulations. According to these trends, variety researches for improving outdoor environment are accomplished at this moment. However, the problems for outdoor environment such as heat island effect and air contaminant in urban area are still reported. The purpose of this study is to examine the variables to affect the formation of outdoor thermal environment by quantitative analysis. As a initial study, in this paper, the effect of ground composition on changes of surface temperature and heat flux in multi-residential building were analyzed by field measurement and numerical simulation. Through field measurement, the surface temperature and heat flux of artificial ground in multi-residential building in Suwon city were measured. The result showed that the surface temperature was decreased by about $20^{\circ}C$ with afforestation of artificial ground compared with those of concrete covering. Moreover, the inner temperature of artificial ground was changed as same behaviors of outdoor temperature changes to depths of 20cm. In simulation, the effect of soil types and depth of artificial ground on the changes of the surface temperature and heat flux were analyzed. As results, the natural soil ground was more effective against lowering the surface temperature than any other cases in the analyzed cases.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.314-321
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• 2011

The potential effects of increased water temperature on fish assemblages and their habitats were studied in the streams of the Han River watershed when the water temperature was supposed to increase by $1^{\circ}C$, $2^{\circ}C$, and $3^{\circ}C$ in each sampling site. The percent changes in suitable habitats for each species and in species number within a site were determined, based on the estimated maximum thermal tolerances of 51 fish species whose habitats were classified into four reaches: upstream, up-/midstream, midstream, and mid-/downstream. The maximum thermal tolerance ranged between $25.0^{\circ}C$ and $31.0^{\circ}C$ and significantly increased as the habitat reaches move from upstream to mid-/downstream. With the increases in water temperature, the average suitable habitats for all 51 species were decreased by 31% ($+1^{\circ}C$), 46% ($+2^{\circ}C$), and 60% ($+3^{\circ}C$). The increased water temperature, however, did not induce significant differences in the changes in suitable habitats among four reaches within each level of temperature increase. The relative frequencies of the sampling sites classified into six levels according to the percent change in the number of species in each site were significantly different among three levels of water temperature increase, with relatively greater changes in the sites where 0~20% and 61~100% of species were affected.