• 한국노년학
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.513-524
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of self-regulation and self-efficacy on relations between volunteering and happiness & meaning of life in the middle aged and the elderly. A total of 588 participants were asked to complete a questionnaire of volunteering, happiness, meaning of life, self-regulation, and self-efficacy. The results indicated that those participants who scored high on volunteering were also high in terms of happiness, meaning of life, self-regulation, and self-efficacy. Further, self-regulation and self-efficacy exercised mediating effects on the positive relations between volunteering and happiness & meaning of life. Finally, these finding were discussed in relation to their implications for happiness and meaning of life in the middle aged and the elderly and also limitations of the present study were suggested for future research.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.141-153
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• 2005

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a death education program on attitude to death and meaning in life for university students. Methods: The design of this study was quasi-experimental and non-synchronized with a non-equivalent control group. The study subjects were 28 students at a college in Busan. The experimental group (n=14) participated in a death education program. While the control group (n=14) didn't. The program consisted of lectures and discussions for 6 hours a day over 5 days. The 30-hr course examined the meaning of death, modern society and death, hospice movements and desirable life and death. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, attitude to death and meaning in life. Collected data were analyzed as frequency, percentage, $x^2$-test, t-test using SPSS 11.0 WIN Program. Results: The attitude to death scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than in the control group (p=.000). The meaning in life scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than in the control group (p=.039). Conclusions: These findings showed that the death education program was effective to enhance the attitude to death and meaning in life among in college students. Therefore, a continuing death education program can be applied as an effective nursing intervention for other subjects.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.505-528
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• 2021

The current study examined the differential effects of giving and receiving social support in the elderly when relationships(family, friend/neighbor) are important. For this purpose, the mediation effects of meaning in life on the relationship between giving and receiving social support and self-esteem were analyzed. Self-reporting data of 310 adults aged over 60 living in Busan and Gyeongnam in South Korea were collected regarding giving and receiving social support, meaning of life and self-esteem. The mediation analysis showed that giving social support had a positive effect on self-esteem with the partial mediation effect of meaning in life. Receiving social support, however, showed no significant mediation effect of meaning in life. This pattern was similar regardless of both family and non-family relations. The result that giving social support enhances self-worth in the elderly through meaning in life suggests the importance of social interaction with intimate others as a source of happiness in the elderly.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.80-89
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• 2013

Purpose: We investigated how intensive care unit (ICU) nurses understand the meaning of death, death anxiety, death concern and respect for life. Methods: From November 2009 through February 2010, a survey was conducted on 230 nurses working at the ICU of 10 general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Participants were asked to answer a questionnaire consisted of 67 questions under four categories of the meaning of death, death anxiety, death concern and respect for life. Results: Participants scored 4.27 points on their understanding of the meaning of death, 4.43 on death anxiety, 4.12 on death concern and 4.18 on respect for life. Participants' meaning of death was negatively correlated with death anxiety and death concern and positively with respect for life. Participants' positive meaning of death was negatively correlated with death anxiety and death concern and positively with respect for life. Participants' negative meaning of death was negatively correlated with death anxiety and death concern and positively with respect for life. Participants' death anxiety was positively correlated with death concern and negatively with respect for life. Participants' death concern was negatively correlated with respect for life. Conclusion: Compared with nurses who served at ICU for a long time, nurses with less ICU experience scored lower on the meaning of death and respect for life, while they presented high anxiety and concern about death. A training course may help nurses develop their view on the meaning of death, which in turn would enhance their performance in caring dying patients.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to compare the perceptions about hospice and the meaning of life between the participants and non-participants of the hospice volunteer education program. Method: Descriptive survey research design was used. Participants were 63, and the data collecting period was from October to December, 2006. Instrument developed by Jung-Hee Kim(1990) and Eun-Ja Lee(1998) was modified to measure the perceptions about hospice. To measure the meaning of life, P.I.L (Purpose In Life) instrument by Crumbaugh and Maholick(1969) was utilized. The data were analyzed using $X^2-test$, t-test and Pearson-Correlation Coefficient. Results: 1. The participants in the hospice volunteer education program demonstrated higher perception scores about hospice than the non-participants (t=5.193, p= .001). 2. The program participants also showed higher scores of the meaning of life than non-participants (t=3.084, p=.005). 3. The perception about hospice and the meaning of life had positive correlation (r= .46, p= .01). Conclusion: Therefore, hospice education program must be established in a continual and systematic way in order to standardize the hospice system in Korea.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.214-222
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of self-esteem and meaning of life in the relationship between stress and depression in adults. Methods: The subjects of this study were 162 adults aged 19 to 64 who live in Jeollabuk-do and capital area. Data were collected from March to April 2018. The data were analyzed by independent t-test and one way ANOVA analysis. The mediating effects were verified by the Bootstrapping method using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results: The results showed that stress had a direct effect on self-esteem and depression, self-esteem had a direct effect on depression. Self-esteem had a mediating effect on the relationship between stress and depression. However, the meaning of life did not have any direct or mediating effects on depression. Conclusion: In order to reduce depression in adults, strategies for improving self-esteem are needed along with stress management. As for the effect of life meaning on depression, it is necessary to measure and apply the meaning of multidimensional life repeatedly.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.501-509
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure meaning in life of elderly and to delineate basic data for developing nursing strategies for improving the meaning in life of elderly. Method: Subjects were 240 elderly above 65 years old staying in Busan and Kyungnam Province. The data was collected from May to Jun 2004. The instrument was utilizing Elderly Meaning In Life(EMIL) scale developed by Choi et al.(2003). Results: The mean for elderly was 100.4, the range was from 37 to 148. 63.3% of subjects were in existential vacuum. The mean of 1 phase 'acceptance and awareness of self and life' was 36.9, 2 phase 'creative value realization' was 17.8, 3 phase 'experiential value realization' was 2.8, 4 phase 'contentedness of past and present' was 43.7. There were significant differences according to the gender, religion, educational level, spouse, spending money, living arrangement and disease. Conclusion: On the viewpoint of above results, 63.3% of subjects were in level of existential vacuum, which required logotherapy. Therefore it shows that developing nursing-logotherapy to improve the meaning in life for elderly is demanded.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.676-683
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to understand the degree of vitality, meaning in life and self-efficacy and to elucidate the factors influencing this vitality in the nurses of Korea. Method: A cross-sectional survey of nurses from 4 hospitals was conducted by convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires which were constructed to include a Vitality Self Test, Purpose in Life Test and Self-efficacy Scale. Results: The degree of vitality in nurses was in the middle range. The nurses of this study had few goals towards meaning in life, and an existential vacuum state. A positive relationship was found between vitality and the research variables. The significant predictors influencing vitality in nurses were meaning in life, self-efficacy, and clinical career, and these variables accounted for 28.7% of the variance in vitality. Conclusions: This results support that vitality is an important link with meaning in life and self-efficacy. There should be a comprehensive study in the future for in-depth understanding of the vitality of nurses.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.513-521
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analysis the effect of death preparing education on death anxiety, spiritual well-being and meaning of life in adults. Methods: This study adapted the one group pre-posttest design. Data collection and intervention were performed from January 19 to 25, 2009. The participants were 30 adults (aged 20 or older) from Jeonju City. The death preparing education program consisted of five steps. Data were analyzed through paired t-test with SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: There were significant differences in death anxiety, spiritual well-being and meaning of life between before and after the death preparing education program. Conclusion: The death preparing education program for adults was confirmed to be an effective intervention to lower death anxiety and to improve spiritual well-being and the meaning of life. Therefore, I look forward to broad application of this program to adults.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.190-200
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were to understand the sex role identity and the meaning in life(MIL) of matriarchs and analyze their relationships to offer basic data for effective nursing strategies for improving MIL. The data for this study was collected from the 10th of August to the 30th of November, 2000. The subjects were women registered in an occupational training program for unemployed matriarchs which is held in the Working Women's Center in Busan. The measurement tools of this study were MIL(unpublished)developed by researchers and sex role inventory designed by Kim Deuk Ran(1992). The results of this study were as follows: 1.Sex role identities of matriarchs were feminity 13.7%, masculinity 13.4%, androgyny 37.8% and undifferentiated 35.1%. 2. The mean MIL for matriarchs was $173.46{\pm}16.09$. 3. The levels of MIL were 57.2% of the subjects felt a loss of meaning in life, i. e. existential vacuum, 42.8% were in pursuit of meaning but had not discovered it completely and 6.0% felt they had established meaning in life. 4.There were significant differences in MIL levels, concurrent to 4 types of sex role identities(F=11.93, P=.000). And according to Scheffe's post test, between feminity and masculinity, feminity and androgyny, masculinity and the undifferentiated, androgyny and the undifferentiated, there were significant differences. From the results of this study, most matriarchs felt loss of meaning in life, i. e. existential vacuum, and the group with masculine sex role identity had the highest level of MIL. In conclusion, the factors related to masculine sex role identity are necessary to develop nursing strategies for improving levels of MIL.