• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2008

본 연구는 돼지 간을 이용한 spreadable liver product의 영양학적 특성을 조사하였다. 원료용 간의 수분함량은 70.5%, 단백질 20.3%, 지방 5.2%, 회분 1.2%의 결과를 보였다. 또한 제품의 수분함량은 55.3%, 단백질 19.4%, 조지방 21.6%, 조회분 3.7%로 나타났다. 아미노산 함량은 원료용 간이 18.69 g/100 g이었으며 그 중 glutamic acid가 2.57 g/100 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다 제품에도 아미노산 총 함량은 18.03 g/100 g으로 나타났으며, glutamic acid가 2.28 g/100 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 제품의 필수아미노산은 전체 아미노산 함량 중 42%를 차지하였다. 원료용 간에서 지방산 조성은 불포화지방산 중 oleic acid가 28.0%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 포화지방산인 palmitic acid가 20.7%로 나타났다. 제품에서는 oleic acid의 함량이 40.0%, palmitic acid가 20.4%로 나타났다. 원료용 간 및 제품의 콜레스테롤 함량은 178.1 mg/100 g 및 11.8 mg/100 g로 나타났다. 무기질 함량은 원료용 간이 K가 362.2 mg/100 g이었으며 P의 함량은 339.1 mg/100 g로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 제품의 무기질 함량은 원료용 간에 비해 Na가 894.5 mg/100 g로 높은 함량을 보였으며 P의 함량은 336.1 mg/100 g이며, K는 213.3 mg/100 g를 포함하였다. 그 외에도 Mg, Ca 및 Fe 등 다양한 무기질도 함유하고 있었다. 돼지 간을 이용한 spreadable liver product는 영양학적으로 매우 우수하며 가공제품으로 쉽게 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2001

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate effects of Chungganhaeju-tang on alcoholic fatty liver. Methods : Thirty patients with alcoholic fatty liver were included in this study. Chungganhaeju-tang was administered to subjects for 1 month. The changes of clinical symptoms and chemical liver function tests were evaluated before and after treatment. Results : Chungganhaeju-tang has effects on the improvement of clinical symptoms such as fatigue, anorexia, dyspepsia, nausea, and RUQ (Right Upper Quadrant) pain. On the chemical liver function test, serum AST, ALT, GGT, and TG level significantly decreased (P<0.05, by paired t-test). Conclusions : These results suggest that Chungganhaeju-tang has significant effects on the improvement of clinical symptoms and chemical liver function test with alcoholic fatty liver.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the causal relationship between use of levocetrizine or cetrizine, and liver injury, by comparing frequency and pattern of hepatotoxicity in levocetrizine or cetrizine prescribed patients. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study, using data retrieved from electronic medical record system. Among 1164 patients prescribed levocetrizine or cetrizine during study period (Jul, 2009 - Jun, 2010) at Seoul National University Hospital, 543 patients with more than 4- time liver function test (LFT) results were included in final analysis. Liver injury was defined as greater than 3 times elevated level of alanine aminotransferase or 2 times elevated level of alkaline phosphatase or total bilirubin, compared to upper limit of normal, in patient with normal liver function at baseline. The frequency and pattern of liver injury were assessed. Results: Incidence of liver injury in patients prescribed with levotcetrizine or cetrizine were 1.48% and 2.94%, respectively. With few exceptions, most injuries were shown to be hepatocellular type. Rapid recovery was observed after drug cessation and long term use tends to be associated with incidence of liver injury. In patient with digestive system disorder, rate of liver injury was significantly higher (p=0.011). Conclusion: The result of this study implies potential need of liver toxicity monitoring, especially in patients taking long term levecetrizine or cetrizine or in patient with digestive system disorder. However, prospective large scale observational study is needed to confirm liver injury associated with the use of levocetirizine or cetirizine.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2018

Lactobacillus (LAB) have been reported to exert both harmful and beneficial effects on human and animal health. Recently, it has been reported that dysbiosis and bacterial translocation contribute to liver fibrosis. However, the role of Gram-positive LAB in the situation of chronic liver diseases has not been yet elucidated. Liver injury was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) in LAB or control-administered mice. Liver fibrosis was enhanced in LAB-administered mice compared with control-treated mice as demonstrated by quantification of Sirius-red positive area, hydroxyproline contents and fibrosis-related genes ($Col1{\alpha}1$, Acta2, Timp1, Tgfb1). Moreover, LAB-administered mice were more susceptible to BDL-induced liver injury as shown by increased ALT and AST level of LAB group compared with control group at 5 days post BDL. Consistent with serum level, inflammatory cytokines ($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$) were also significantly increased in LAB-treated mice. Of note, LAB-treated liver showed increased lipoteichoic acid (LTA) expression compared with control-treated liver, indicating that LAB-derived LTA may translocate from intestine to liver via portal vein. Indeed, responsible receptor or inflammatory factor (PAFR and iNOS) for LTA were upregulated in LAB-administered group. The present findings demonstrate that administration of LAB increases LTA translocation to liver and induces profibrogenic inflammatory milieu, leading to aggravation of liver fibrosis. The current study provides new cautious information of LAB for liver fibrosis patients to prevent the detrimental effect of LAB supplements.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.735-742
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• 2023

비알콜성 지방간은 심혈관계 질환, 당뇨병, 고혈압 및 신장질환의 발생에 있어 독립적인 위험인자에 해당하며, 최근에는 비알콜성 지방간에 대한 임상적 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 비알콜성 지방간 환자의 초음파영상에 대하여 질감분석 방법인 GLCM을 적용하여 특징값을 추출하고자 한다. 추출된 특징값들을 이용한 인공신경망 모델의 적용을 통하여 비알콜성 지방간의 지방침착 정도를 정상 간(normal), 경도 지방간(mild), 중등도 지방간(moderate), 중증 지방간(severe)으로 분류를 하고자 한다. GLCM알고리듬 적용 결과 Autocorrelation, Sum of squares, Sum average, Sum variance 파라미터 값들은 경도 지방간, 중등도 지방간을 거쳐 중증 지방간으로 갈수록 특징값의 평균값이 증가하는 경향성을 나타내었다. 인공신경망 모델의 입력은 비알콜성 지방간질환의 초음파영상에 GLCM 알고리듬을 적용하여 추출한 Autocorrelation, Sum of squares, Sum average, Sum variance의 4개의 파라미터들을 인공신경망 모델의 입력값으로 적용하였다. 비알콜성 지방간질환의 초음파영상에 GLCM 알고리듬을 적용하여 추출한 영상을 인공신경망에 적용하여 분류 정확도를 평가한 결과 92.5%의 높은 정확도를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 비알콜성 지방간 환자의 초음파 영상에 대한 질감 분석 GLCM 연구 시 본 연구의 결과를 기초자료로 제시를 하고자 한다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.309-313
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• 1995

The aim and objective of this study are to carry out the liver protective activities against the $CCl_4$ intoxication in mice with some Iranian medicinal plants traditionally used for liver injuries. The methanol extracts of Cichorium intybus, Lactuca scarJoia, Eucalyptus camadulensis were evaluated. With various doses of these plants, liver protective activities were performed after $CCl_4$ administration to mice. The serum aminotransferases activites, liver sizes, and histopatological examinations of liver were studied. At a dose of 50 mg/ kg, all three plants were able to protect liver damages induced by $CCl_4$.

• BMB Reports
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.166-174
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• 2022

Hepatic macrophages are key immune cells associated with the broad ranges of liver diseases including steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. Hepatic macrophages interact with other immune cells and orchestrate hepatic immune circumstances. Recently, the heterogenous populations of hepatic macrophages have been discovered termed residential Kupffer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages, and identified their distinct population dynamics during the progression of various liver diseases. Liver injury lead to Kupffer cells activation with induction of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which triggers recruitment of inflammatory monocyte-derived macrophages. To understand liver pathology, the functions of different subtypes of liver macrophages should be regarded with different perspectives. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the roles of hepatic macrophages under liver damages and suggest hepatic macrophages as promising therapeutic targets for treating liver diseases.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2013

Pediatric liver transplantation has evolved into a definite and effective therapeutic modality for various liver diseases in the pediatric patient. During the last 25 years, liver transplant outcomes in Korea have reached international standards and Korea has become the leader in living-donor liver transplantation. This review will present the cumulative outcomes of pediatric liver transplantation performed in Korea and will focus on other issues of interest involving pediatric liver transplant recipients, especially in the field of immunosuppression and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.675-681
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• 2001

Objectives : It was designed for making theoretical base about the relation of the Spleen, Stomach and the liver which could be used in clinic. Methods : Including Huang Di Nei Jing(黃帝內經), the 22 kinds of books written about the relation of the Spleen, Stomach and the Liver, and 2 kinds of papers were referenced. They were divided and studied according to physiology, pathology, meridian system and treatment. This study is focused on internal organ theory. Conclusion 1. In physiology, the Liver has the function of smoothing and regulating the flow of vital energy(Ki), while the Spleen is in charge of digestion and transportation. 2. In pathology, there can be informed disharmony of the Spleen, Stomach and the Liver, blood deficiency in the Liver and Spleen, jaundice, and bleeding etc. 3. In meridian system, the junction points of Spleen Meridian and Liver Meridian are Liv14, SP6, SP12, SP13. 4. In treatment, 1) If there is disharmony of the Liver and Spleen, the Liver must be soothed and the function of Spleen invigorated. 2) If there is disharmony of the Liver and Stomach, the Liver must be soothed and the function of Stomach invigorated.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.629-635
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• 1995

Obese children have increaed in Korean in recent years as socieconomic status have got more higher than past years. Obese children have many health problems and some kinds of complications. Obese patients who have fatty liver with abnormal liver function should be managed with weight control. This study was intended to investigate the effect of weight control on hepatic abnormalities of obese children with fatty liver. We managed 6 obese children who had fatty liver with abnormal liver finction for weight control containing behavior modification, diet and exercise during 3 months. After 3 months, we compared body weight, liver function test, dietary intake and exercise. Body mass index(BMI) showed significant decrease from 28.1$\pm$2.3kg/$m^2$ to 26.2$\pm$1.7kg/$m^2$ (p<0.01). Aspartate aminotransferase(AST) showed significant improvement from 56$\pm$15IU/l(p<0.01). Alanine aminotransferase(ALT) also showed significant improvement from 108$\pm$38IU/l to 33$\pm$9IU/l(p<0.01). Therefore if we can rule out the other causes of hepatic abnormalities in obese children with fatty liver, these patients showed benefit by weight control as it can improve both obesity and liver functions.