• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.103-116
• /
• 2016

Objectives : This study was performed to assess the effectiveness of conservative Korean traditional medical treatment on lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in 12 adolescents. Methods : Data were collected from adolescent patients diagnosed with lumbar intervertebral herniation by MRI, hospitalized at Jaseng Korean Medicine Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015. A total of 12 patients were included in the study. Patients were treated by acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, electroacupuncture, herbal medicine, chuna manual therapy, physical therapy during hospitalization period. To measure treatment outcomes, a verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), range of motion (ROM), Straight leg raising test (SLR), and EQ-5D were used. Results : The average age of the participants was $16.05{\pm}1.62$. The average of duration of symptom was $19.25{\pm}26.83(weeks)$ and the average length of hospitalization was $23.8{\pm}16.4(days)$. 2 patients (17 %) suffered from only lumbar pain, while 10 patients (83 %) suffered from lumbar and leg pain. No participant suffered from only leg pain. 8 patients (67 %) were diagnosed with disc herniation in one segment, and 4 patients (33 %) were diagnosed with disc herniation in multiple segments. A total of 17 disc segments (28 %) were herniated. The most herniated lumbar level was L4-5. 3 segments were diagnosed with bulging (17 %), 6 with protrusion (35 %), and 8 with extrusion (47 %). Extrusion was the most frequent herniated type. After treatment, the average VNRS of lumbar pain significantly decreased from $5.58{\pm}1.62$ to $2.91{\pm}1.56$ (p<0.001) and the average VNRS of leg pain significantly decreased from $5.16{\pm}2.51$ to $3.08{\pm}1.8$ (p<0.001). ODI significantly decreased from $48.87{\pm}18.72$ to $28.57{\pm}15.05$ (p<0.05), and EQ-5D significantly increased $0.58{\pm}0.31$ to $0.80{\pm}0.12$ (p<0.05). Range of flexion significantly improved from $61.25{\pm}32.62$ to $68.33{\pm}26.22$ (p<0.05). Conclusion : Conservative Korean Traditional Medical Treatment may be effective in the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in adolescence. However, more case reports and clinical research are needed.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.174-183
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 슬링을 이용한 능동 운동프로그램이 무릎 관절 전치환술 환자의 통증과 균형에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 대상자는 무릎 관절 전치환술을 받고 입원 중인 환자 20명이며, 수술 후에 CPM (Continuous passive motion) 만을 적용하는 집단 (CPM group; CG)과 CPM과 슬링을 이용한 능동 운동프로그램을 병행하는 집단 (CPM with active exercise program using sling group; CSG)으로 10명씩 무작위로 배치되었다. CG는 CPM을 주 5일, CSG는 CPM을 주 2일, 슬링을 이용한 능동 운동프로그램을 주 3일 실시하였고, 각 중재는 하루 40분씩 총 4주간 실시하였다. 통증은 VAS(Visual analog scale)을 이용하여 평가하였고, 균형은 BT4 (Balance training 4)를 이용하여 C90 area, Trace length, Sway average velocity를 눈을 뜬 상태와 감은 상태로 측정하였다. 그 결과, 두 집단 모두 통증에서 집단 내에서 유의하게 감소하였고, 집단 간의 변화량에서도 유의한 차이가 있었다. 균형에서 CG의 C90을 제외한 모든 변인이 중재 후 유의한 변화가 있었으며, 집단 간 변화량에서는 눈을 감은 상태의 C90과 Vel에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 따라서 CPM과 슬링을 이용한 능동 운동프로그램을 함께 시행하는 것은 무릎 관절 전치환술 환자의 통증 감소와 균형 향상에 효과적인 중재라고 생각한다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제64권6호
• /
• pp.445-450
• /
• 2008

연구배경: 최근 노인 인구가 급격히 증가하면서 중환자실로 입원하는 노인 환자도 증가하는 추세이다. 내과계 중환자실에서 30일 이상 장기간 기계환기를 받은 노인 환자들의 임상적 특징 및 예후에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 2004년 4월부터 2007년 3월까지 을지대학병원 내과계 중환자실에 입원했던 환자들 중에서 연속해서 30일 이상 기계환기를 받았던 65세 이상 환자 41명을 대상으로 임상적 특징과 예후에 대하여 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과: 대상 환자 41명의 평균 연령은 $74.6{\pm}6.0$세이었고, 남자가 27명(65.9%)이었다. 중환자실로 입원한 주된 이유는 급성호흡부전 30명(73.2%)으로 가장 많았고 패혈증 5명(12.2%), 신경계장애 4명(9.8%), 위장관출혈 2명 (4.9%) 순이었다. 평균 APACHE II 점수는 $26.9{\pm}4.5$이었다. 중환자실 평균 입원 기간은 $49.3{\pm}23.0$일 이었으며 기계환기의 평균 기간은 $57.5{\pm}32.8$일이었다. 사망한 환자는 25명(60.9%)이었으며 사망과 관련있는 인자는 APACHE II 점수(p=0.038)와 수혈(p=0.007) 등이었다. 결 론: 장기간 기계환기 치료를 받은 노인 환자들에서 호흡부전이 가장 흔한 중환자실 입원 이유이었으며 사망률은 60.9%이었고 사망에 영향을 주는 인자는 APACHE II 점수와 수혈 등이었다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.253-260
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to measure of growth and chlorophyl in barley exposed by X-ray. Barley seed was soaked 24h duration in water, then was classified into two group; pre-seed germination group (Pre-G) or post-seed germination group (Post-G). Also, divided as control subgroup and experimental subgroup(10Gy, 20Gy, 30Gy) in each group. Experimental subgroups were exposed by X-ray using linear accelerator (Clinac IS, VERIAN, USA). Expose condition was 6 MV X-ray, SSD 100 cm, 18×10 cm, 600 MU/min. Length was measured every day for 10 days and 10th day for weight. Chlorophyl was analyzed using spectrophotometer(uv-1800, shimadzu, japan) in l0th day. Data analysis was performed using SPSS ver 22.0(Chicago, IL, USA), ANOVA test (Dunnett_T3) between control subgroup and experimental subgroup in group and Independent T-test between Pre-G and Post-G in subgroup. In Pre-G, length of barley was significantly difference between control and 30Gy in 4th day (4.3 vs. 1.5, p= 0.011). Length of 30Gy was statistical difference with control(10th day; 14.4 vs. 6.3, p < 0.01), and was not in 10Gy or 20Gy in all day. In experimental subgroup, length was shorter as increasing radiation dose. In Post-G, length of barley was not difference statistically between control and experimental subgroup in first day, but more difference between two subgroup with increasing duration after exposing. Length of experimental subgroup was shorter significantly compared with control in 10th day, and no significant difference between experimental subgroup. Density of chlorophyl was increasing with increasing radiation dose in Pre-G and Post-G. Chlorophyl density of control was lower than 30Gy; 0.26ppm in Pre-G, 0.29ppm in Post-G). Growth and chlorophyl of barley was effected by X-ray. It is expected to be used as basic data for future radiobiological research.

• 성인간호학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.606-618
• /
• 2000

The purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics of the clients registered in the department of home health care nursing in a hospital and to analyze nursing intervention activities recorded in charts by application of Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) system. For the descriptive survey study, data were collected by reviewing charts of 572 home health care clients between May, 1997 and July, 2000 at K hospital in Seoul. The average age of the clients was 66 years and the number of clients in their 70s ranked first with 28.2 percent(158 people). The mean length of home care service was 47 days with the highest frequency of less than four weeks (56 %). With regard to medical diagnosis, cancer showed the highest frequency (48%, 271 people), followed by cerebrovascular disease (19%), and pulmonary disease (6.9%). According to analysis of nursing interventions by the NIC system, the most frequently used nursing interventions in level 1 were interventions in the Physiological: Complex domain which were used 3,663 times (33%) among 11,107 total interventions. The Safety domain was the second most frequently used intervention, followed by the Physiological: Basic, and the Behavioral domains. In level 2, the Risk Management class was the most frequently used interventions with 3,108 interventions (27.9%), followed by Drug Management, and Tissue Perfusion Management classes. In level 3 interventions, Vital Sign Monitoring was the most frequently used intervention, 569 times (5.1%), followed by Health Screening, and Neurological Monitoring interventions. In sum, half of the clients in the study had cancer and were in their 70s. The most frequent reason for ending home care was death (40%), followed by readmission (28%). These findings represent clients with severe conditions referred to the home care nursing department as it was a University teaching hospital. Further research on analyzing nursing interventions performed in each institution needs to be conducted to develop a standardized list of nursing interventions to use in home health care settings.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.62-78
• /
• 2023

Objectives : This study aims to assess the impact of acupotomy on migraine through an examination of clinical studies conducted since 2015. Methods : We conducted a comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled trials (nRCTs) related to acupotomy treatment for migraine, utilizing five Korean online databases (OASIS, Science ON, DBPIA, KISS, RISS), as well as four foreign online databases (CNKI, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library). We identified a total of 10 relevant studies for analysis. Participants characteristics, treatment points, combination treatments, treatment cycles or frequencies, evaluation indices, efficacy, and adverse events were analyzed. The risk of bias in the 10 RCTs was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0). Results : A total of 931 participants were included in 10 studies. In the intervention group, the average duration of migraine morbidity ranged from 15.5±4.5 months to 15.9±4.2 years. Six studies based their diagnoses on the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD), while five studies relied on Chinese diagnostic criteria. All studies specified the treatment area as the region exhibiting tenderness or induration on the head and neck. Treatment cycles ranged from a minimum of 2 days to a maximum of 1 week, with the number of days per treatment course varied from 5 days to 4 weeks. The diameter of acupuncture needles used varied between 0.3 mm and 1 mm. Of the eight studies specifying needle length, the shortest was 20 mm, and the longest was 40 mm. A total of eight evaluation indices were employed, with total efficacy rate (TER) and visual analogue scale (VAS) being the most frequently used. Statistically, all intervention groups showed more significant results compared to the control groups. Adverse events were reported in only two studies within the intervention group. Overall, the risk of bias assessment for the selected RCTs ranged from 'some concerns' to 'high risk of bias.' Conclusions : This study showed that acupotomy treatments for migraine were effective.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.143-148
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 저 선량 베타선의 장기간(31일) 조사에 의한 춘향이 열무와 알타리 무의 생장에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 실험은 알타리 무와 춘향이 열무에 대하여 각각 1개 샘플의 대조군과 11개 샘플의 실험군으로 구성하였다. 대조군과 실험군의 종자들은 각각의 샘플에서 8개씩 선택되어 같은 조건의 배양토에 파종하였다. 실험군 샘플의 누적선량은 31일 동안 매일 같은 시간에 측정하였다. 생장과정과 발아율은 매주 2회 같은 시간에 측정하였다. 잎사귀 수, 초장의 길이와 생체중은 파종 후 20일과 25일에 각각 측정하여 평균값을 얻었다. 25일 동안 측정된 실험군의 결과에서, 알타리 무의 길이와 무게는 누적선량 0.01 Gy에서 대조군보다 각각 5%와 36%로 증가하였다. 또한 춘향이 열무에서 길이는 누적선량 0.01~0.08 Gy와 0.3 Gy에서 대조군보다 각각 13~17%와 1%, 무게는 누적선량 0.05 Gy와 0.23 Gy에서 대조군보다 각각 36%와 2%로 증가하였다. 잎 수에 대하여, 알타리 무는 누적선량 0.01~0.32 Gy에서 대조군보다 0~50%로 증가하였다. 그리고 춘향이 열무는 0.01~0.0.62 Gy에서 대조군보다 0~67%로 증가하였다. 이 결과로부터, 알타리 무와 춘향이 열무는 대체적으로 낮은 누적선량영역(0.01~0.2 Gy)에서 길이와 무게 그리고 잎 수가 증가하였다. 그리고 실험군의 세포의 크기, 핵의 위치와 세포의 조밀도는 대조군과 거의 유사하게 현미경으로 관찰되었다. 결론적으로, 베타선에 조사된 알타리 무와 춘향이 열무는 방사선 호메시스 이론과 부합되어 낮은 누적선량 영역에서 더 많은 생장을 한 것으로 추정된다. 추후 연구에서 방사선 호메시스와 식물생장의 관련성을 확증하기 위한 추가적인 실험이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.32-38
• /
• 2011

Background: Surgical treatment of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be performed either by thoracotomy or by employing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of VATS lobectomy for pathologic stage I NSCLC. Material and Methods: Between December 2003 and December 2007, 529 patients with pathologic stage I NSCLC underwent lobectomies (373 thoracotomy, 156 VATS). Patients in both groups were selected after being matched by age, gender and pathologic stage using propensity score method, to create two comparable groups: thoracotomy and VATS groups, and the overall survival, recurrence-free survival, complication and length of hospitalization were compared between these two groups. Results: After the patients were matched by age, gender and pathologic stage, 272 patients remained eligible for analysis, 136 in each group (mean age of 59.5 years; 70 men, 66 women; 80 stage IA, 56 stage IB). There was no statistical difference in other preoperative clinical characteristics between the two groups. No hospital mortality was observed in both groups. Overall 3-year survival rate was 97.4% in thoracotomy group and 96.6% in VATS groups (p=0.76). During the follow-up, 20 patients (14.7%) developed recurrence in thoracotomy group, including loco-regional recurrence in 7, distant metastasis in 13. In VATS group, 13 patients (9.6%) developed recurrence, including loco-regional recurrence in 4, distant metastasis in 9. Three-year recurrence-free survival rate was 81.8% in thoracotomy group and 85.3% in VATS groups (p=0.43). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between thoracotomy and VATS groups (30 cases in 22 patients vs. 19 cases in 17 patients, p=0.65, odds ratio=1.19). The mean hospital stay of VATS group was 2 days shorter than that of thoracotomy group ($8.8{\pm}6.5$ days vs. $6.3{\pm}3.3$ days, p<0.05). Conclusion: VATS lobectomy for pathologic stage I lung cancer is a feasible operation with shorter hospitalization, while surgical outcome is comparable to thoracotomy lobectomy.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제53권3호
• /
• pp.432-436
• /
• 2010

일과성 신생아 당뇨병은 6번 염색체의 부친 이체성, 부친으로부터 유래한 염색체 6q24의 중복, ZAC 또는 HYMAI 유전자의 CpG 섬의 메틸화 결함에 의해 야기된다. 저자들은 고혈당, 거설증, 자궁내성장지연으로 발현되어 부친으로부터 유래된 HYMA1 유전자만을 보인 일과성 신생아 당뇨병 1례를 경험하였다. 생후 18일된 여아가 거설증과 반복되는 고혈당으로 입원하였다. 거설증과 함께 큰 대천문, 작은 턱, 두드러진 눈을 보였으며 혈중 포도당 농도는 200-300 mg/dL로 유지되다가 입원 2일 후부터 인슐린 투여 없이도 정상 범위로 유지되었다. 모체로부터 유래된 메틸화된 대립유전자 유무를 확인하기 위하여 말초 혈액으로부터 genomic DNA를 추출하여 bisulfite를 처리한 후, 메틸화 특이 중합 효소 연쇄 반응으로 HYMAI 유전자의 일부분을 증폭시키고, 제한 효소 BssHII를 이용한 제한 효소 절편 길이 다형성 (restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP) 분석을 이용하여 HYMAI 유전자의 메틸화 여부를 확인한 결과, HYMAI 유전자의 메틸화 결함을 보여 부친에서 유래된 HYMAI 유전자만을 갖고 있음을 확인하였다. HYMAI 유전자의 메틸화 검사를 통해 6번 염색체의 각인된 유전자가 증명되었으며 메틸화 결함으로 인해 일과성 신생아 당뇨병이 발생하였다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.205-217
• /
• 2005

Distraction osteogenesis is a technique of lengthening bone including soft tissue by gradual separation of surgically divided bone surfaces. Although the biomechanical, histological, and ultrastructural changes associated with distraction osteogenesis have been widely described, the molecular mechanisms governing the formation of new bone in distracted bone segments remain largely unclear. However, such information has significant clinical implications because it may enable targeted therapeutic manipulations designed to accelerate osseous regeneration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of TGF-$\beta$1, IGF-I and bFGF in distraction osteogenesis according to different distraction rates in a rabbit's mandible. When twenty-four adult rabbits underwent open osteotomy between the premolar and mental foramen, an external bilateral distraction device was applied. Latency was allowed for five days before distraction. Three different distraction rates were 0.7 mm/day (A, n=8), 1.4 mm/day (B, n=8) and 2.4 mm/day (C, n=8). The distraction device was activated with the same distraction rhythms of twice a day until 4.9 mm (A & B group) and 8.4 mm (C group) length gains was achieved. The animals were sacrificed at postoperative 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. The bony specimens were stained with H&E for histologic examination, and RT-PCR analysis was done for the identification of the expression of TGF-$\beta$1, IGF-I and bFGF. The results obtained from this study were as follows : The 0.7 mm/day and 1.4 mm/day distraction rate groups were shown to improve regenerative bone formation on radiographic and histologic examination. Also, TGF-$\beta$1, IGF-I and bFGF expression increased in the 0.7 mm/day and 1.4 mm/day distraction rate groups. But the 2.4 mm/day distraction rate group specimen was different with adjacent normal bone and hardly expressed of growth factors. These findings suggest that improved new bone formation in the 0.7 mm/day and 1.4 mm/day distraction rates is associated with enhanced expression of TGF-$\beta$1, IGF-I and bFGF by mechanical tension stress. Additionally, the 0.7 mm/day and 1.4 mm/day distraction rate groups were significantly different from the 2.4 mm/day distraction rate group in the expression of growth factors. According to the above results, it seems possible to apply a distraction rate of up to 1.4 mm/day a day in rabbit's mandible. And further studies are needed to evaluate growth factors of TGF-$\beta$1 and IGF-I, which are excellent in expression.