• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.201-245
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• 2006

We applied general equilibrium model to analysis the economic impact of international emission trading by sector and the efficiency of the Convention to study whether Climate Change Convention satisfy the efficiency. We divided the world as 4 groups : USA, OECD members w/o USA (OEC), Former Soviet Union (FSU) and Developing countries (DEV). Compared to no trading, global trading would accomplish the same environmental effect with less cost as much as 97.8 billion$, which is the surplus of trading. However, half of it is taken by USA and 20% by OEC. FSU and DEV have only 18% and 10%. This result suggest the two things. First, the emission trading is effective as far as the participation of developing countries are guaranteed. If they do not take part in the coalition and emit the leakage, it may threaten the stability of the international trading coalition. Second, we found the logical ground of the side payment for developing countries. The permit buying countries take more share of the surplus under the emission trading, while the energy sector of developing countries shrinks to sell permits, which may adversely affect to economic growth of the countries. Therefore, the Annex-I countries need to provide side payment to lead the participation of the developing countries.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.183-189
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• 2021

In recent years, active research has been devoted toward developing a monitoring system using ambient vibration data in order to quantitatively determine the deterioration occurring in a structure over a long period of time. This study developed a low-cost edge computing system that detects the abnormalities in structures by utilizing the dynamic characteristics acquired from the structure over the long term for ensemble learning. The system hardware consists of the Raspberry Pi, an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a GPS RTK module, and a LoRa communication module. The structural abnormality detection afforded by the ensemble learning using dynamic characteristics is verified using a laboratory-scale structure model vibration experiment. A real-time distributed processing algorithm with dynamic feature extraction based on the experiment is installed on the Raspberry Pi. Based on the stable operation of installed systems at the Community Service Center, Pohang-si, Korea, the validity of the developed system was verified on-site.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.22-27
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• 2011

Fire resistance ceiling system is the structure of which the ceiling installed under the slave of the structure has the fire resistance performance. Because of having the fire resistance performance, fire resistive coatings on steel beams can be reduced and large span structures can be constructed. So, it have advantages of convenience for construction, shorten for construction time and cost reducing. In foreign country, it is general that one system consisting of slave and ceiling is constructed as a fire resistance system. But in Korea, there are no fire resistance ceiling systems thus economical efficiency due to being high-rise and light-weight of structures is not secured. Therefore research and development of nominal fire resistance ceiling systems is necessary. On this study, fire resistances of standard non-loadbearing ceiling systems were assessed and basic informations for developing the fire resistance non-loadbearing ceiling systems were presented.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.53-63
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• 2016

This study aims to verify the feasibility of design by developing pressure flow-controlled swash plate type pump with the use of SimulationX, a computer analysis program. Developing analysis model based on design drawing data has a cost-saving effect because it is possible to figure out the effectiveness of design through the work and it never falls into repeated inaccuracies in the production process. Analysis model is developed in the following order. First, the structure of each part such as valve and rotating unit which have dynamic factor is analyzed and the modeling of single component is carried out, reflecting drawing data. Second, the modeling of pump assembly is carried out with the combination of each analysis model and a work is conducted to determine whether the modeling can perform pressure flow control function according to load condition smoothly based on design intent. At the end of the modeling process, the feasibility of design is verified by showing the parts which are moving as expected mechanism.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.65-88
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• 1997

In Korea, telemedicine is still under the beginning stage, but we expect that the developing 'Information Highway' will make this technology more common place and more easily used in coming soon. Currently, three hospitals are providing telemedicine services with their subsidiary hospitals which are far away from their remote place. However, the fee schedule of telemedicine services are not well-settled down, of course not reimbursed through current health insurance system. This study aims to develop new payment system for medical services provided through telemedicaine system. To design appropriate fee schedule for telemedicine services, we, first, review the current insurance payment system and telemedicine system both in domestic and foreign countries focusing on its payment system. A framework of telemedicine payment system is proposed in following steps based on information we acquired from this stage. Second. We decide the span of cost items which should be covered by telemedicine payment scheme. In hear, we suggest payment method for telemedicine services should be designed as dual structure which are telemedicine fee that should be reimbursed through payment scheme and any costs related to capital investment that should not be covered by payment system. Which is, payment system for telemedicine services should cover only service-related costs and any costs related to capital investment should be generated through third party such as government, health insurance association, etc. Finally, we suggest new fee schedules for telemedicine services. The key issues on developing telemedicine fee schedules are related with the determination of appropriate additional rate($\alpha$). The reasonable additional rate($\alpha$) must determine through careful evaluation of any additional efforts(e. g. : additional work hours which are related to providing telemedicine services). This study shows the process of how to determine appropriate additional rate($\alpha$).

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.12C no.6 s.102
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• pp.933-940
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• 2005

As the appearance of very high speed telecommunication network, volume of network, is enlarged and complicated, management of the various network equipments and hosting systems become more complicated and significant. Recently, there have been various researches on network management system that is capable of managing and operating the network environment based on SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). SNMP has many advantages, which is easy to implement and has a simple structure. However, as the network structure has become more complicated, it has caused a number of problems like the increase of network load and limit of the network management scope in terms of the network expansion and efficiency. Especially, it needs expensive cost and time for developing a network because many network developers are almost depended manually for developing it till now. In this paper, we propose a framework for network management program that automates the generation of information for network management. The Proposed framework is able to automatically generate a network management program by using information related with equipments which were provided along with the network equipments and SNMP library Thus, we ill make not only the SNMP network structure expansion become easier but also errors maintaining and development time of the network management program were dramatically reduced by using generated network program through our proposed framework.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.9_10
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• pp.1160-1171
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• 2003

This study is intended to examine the current situation and the problems of the "worksheets, regarding various factors that exert influences onto the quality-risk management, which is one of the most significant factors specifying an apparel product. This paper advances according to the following sequences: 1. Literature survey 2. Field research on actual "apparel vendors" and production factories 3. Investigating the requirements relating to the worksheet 4. Developing standard format of the worksheet 5. Effectiveness analysis on the standard worksheet 6. Proposal of an intelligent model applying standard worksheet system. This study is performed with the following research methods; those are questionnaire surveys, statistical analysis, interviews, collecting & analyzing worksheets, product sample quality experiment, functional analysis of the system, and materialization of the prototype system. The significance of this research is that it suggests the possible effective use of worksheet, which reflects the customers' needs in terms of the product quality, at the stage of the product planning process. Despite its importance, the current work structure does not visibly reflect these components. Therefore, with the result of this research, it is considered that the worksheet systems will meet more useful improvements in risk management process. The limitations of this research are as follows. Although it is evident that the standard worksheets bring effective results in quality improvements of products, considerations must be made onto some additional payoffs arising from the additional cost of necessary labor forces with expert knowledge and cost of the effort and time inputting correct information for running the system.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.720-722
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• 2009

This work is mainly focused at developing the hydrogen production unit with the capacity of 20 $Nm^3/h$ of high purity hydrogen. At present steam reforming of natural gas is the preferable method to produce hydrogen at the point of production cost. The developed hydrogen production unit composed of natural gas reformer and pressure swing adsorption system. To improve the thermal efficiency of steam reforming reactor, the internal heat recuperating structure was adopted. The heat contained in reformed gas which comes out of the catalytic beds recovered by reaction feed stream. These features of design reduce the fuel consumption into burner and the heat duty of external heat exchangers, such as feed pre-heater and steam generator. The production rate of natural gas reformer was 41.7 $Nm^3/h$ as a dryreformate basis. The composition of PSA feed gas was $H_2$ 78.26%, $CO_2$ 18.49%, CO 1.43% and $CH_4$ 1.85%. The integrated production unit can produce 21.1 $Nm^3/h$ of high-purity hydrogen (99.997%). The hydrogen production efficiency of the developed unit was more than 58% as an LHV basis.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.67-78
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze how students' design work functions affect consumer attitudes and purchase intentions toward clothes designed by students, while exploring the moderating effect of price sensitivity in such a relationship. Data was acquired from 351 responses of an online questionnaire (www.sojump.com). A two-step approach was employed to analyze our hypotheses using structural equation modeling (SEM) in SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical packages. First, significant empirical evidence was secured regarding the effects of design functions (assurance, fashion, camouflage, individuality, and comfort) on consumer attitudes toward clothes, which can lead to purchasing intention. Fashion, individuality, and comfort functions can enhance consumer attitude significantly, but assurance and camouflage have no significant influence. Among the functions, comfort has the greatest effect on consumer attitudes, indicating that when students market works as commodities, comfort should be highlighted in their designs. In this way, such products can draw the interest of many consumers. Second, empirical evidence showed that price sensitivity negatively moderates the association between attitude and purchase intention. Thus, design courses should be careful when setting student works' prices given consumer sensitivity. The optimization of the student works' cost structure can help minimize price sensitivity. Overall, the findings and their implications can serve as a basis for the commercial application of design curriculum works and provide feasible support for developing student design curriculum in the future.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.75-98
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• 2002

As a contribution to developing fishery stock assessment, optimum sustainable yield and its international standards such as MSY, MEY, and dynamic MEY for six recommended fisheries are developed using bio-economic models. For selecting the appropriate model, five models - Schaefer, Schnute, Walters and Hilborn, Fox, and CY&P models are tested in effort and catch data of six species. Surprisingly all the models except the CY&P model failed to satisfy statistical standards such as goodness-of-fitness and reliability. Generally, the CY&P model holds good fitness and statistically significant level for all of six fisheries. However, the CY&P model for squid, where the intrinsic growth rate is high, could not explain MSY, MEY, and dynamic MEY appropriately. This study makes a contribution to develop the modified model for the intrinsic growth rate of 1. The reformulated model represents the results reasonably even though the estimated equation has not good fitness. Although most of the CY&P models appear to have good fits and validated results for some cases, these models also seem to be quite sensitive to parameters which means a more stable model should be developed and data should carefully be handled. In particular biological and technical interactions such as multispecies, predator prey relationship, age structure and mortality should be taken into account. In addition, economic factors and fishing efforts such as price, cost, technical change and a reasonable function of fishing input should simultaneously be considered.