• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2020

This study was conducted to comprehend the spatial distribution characteristics, habitats and appearances of Hydropotes inermis by using the biotope mapping in Daebudo Island, Ansan-si. The result is base data to understand status and manage potential inhabitation of Hydropotes inermis in Daebudo Island through the Maximum Entropy model. The study used 105 traces from the primary investigation and 452 traces in the secondary investigation. The biotope types were distinquished Hydropotes inermis habitats largest from the order of natural forest (15.1%), natural coast (13.7%), marshy cultivated land (12.6%), and dry cultivated land (11.7%), and from the inhabitation trace results. Hydropotes inermis appearanced biotope types were the greatest in the order of cultivated land (49.73%) > forest (18.85%) > coast (7.00%) > grassland (6.28%). Since forests in Daebudo Island have low slope and altitude, it was concluded that Hydropotes inermis would live in most of the forests. A high number of Hydropotes inermis was found to appear in areas where the grassland is formed including cultivated lands (include unused paddies and fields) and marshy grasslands, which would result in direct damage of crops. According to the Maxent modeling analysis that used location information of Hydropotes inermis, the AUC value was 0.635 based on the ROC curve. In Daebudo Island, areas with over 0.635 potential inhabitation value are distributed all over the place, and it was concluded that each population would have a different scope of influence and home range. Hydropotes inermis living in Daebudo Island have high habitat suitability mainly around the cultivated lands near the roads, but due to the bare lands and roads, it is expected that their habitats would be fragmented and damaged, which would have a direct and indirect effect in maintaining the Hydropotes inermis population. Also, considering habitat disturbance, diverse methods for reducing damage including capturing some individuals within the limit that does not disperse Hydropotes inermis population in Daebudo Island must be carried out.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제96권5호
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• pp.585-590
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• 2007

Rhizina undulata is the fungus, which causes Rhizina root rot on coniferous trees. Nested-PCR using ITS-specific primer was applied to detect R. undulata from the soils of Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergil) forests infested with the disease in Seocheon, Chungnam Province, South Korea. Soil samples were collected from four different sites, both dead trees and fruit bodies of R. undulata were present, dead trees only present, fruit bodies only present, and both were absent. Nested-PCR products specific to R. undulata ITS-region were amplified. Positive reactions were found in some samples from the sites, where dead trees and fruit bodies of R. undulata were absent as well as where both of those were present. R. undulata was mainly detected in the soil samples from the depth of 5~20 cm under the soil surface. These results show that the nested-PCR could be used to diagnose the presence or potential infestation of R. undulata in the soils of pine forests.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.170-180
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• 2023

Discoveries and new records of plants specifically provide a basis for empirical data to enable in-depth studies of the ecology, distribution, conservation, applications, and threats to such plants. However, many unexplored regions of Bhutan exist in which several plants have yet to be described and documented. Several species reported elsewhere in the Himalayan region with similar climatic conditions are likely to occur in Bhutan as well, indicating a need to corroborate their presence. To explore this, an opportunistic survey was employed, and we provide nine new records of plant species for Bhutan. Of the nine species, three belonged to the Lauraceae family, with the rest from the Aristolochiaceae, Asparagaceae, Lamiaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Sapindaceae, and Urticaceae families. This paper adds nine additional species of plants to the flora of Bhutan. We also report here ethnobotanical applications of these species, providing insight into how communities interact with environmental resources and have the potential to integrate traditional knowledge into scientific understanding, ultimately to reinforce sustainable biocultural conservation at the local level.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2016

To achieve large-scale carbon removals, a carbon offset project based on forest management was designed and its carbon stock change was estimated in this study. The project was designed for 874 hectares of forests in the Jin-An Leading Forest Management Zone. For estimating the carbon stock change of the project, the Korean Forest Carbon Standard and VCS (Verified Carbon Standard) methodologies were applied. Three types of management options were considered in the project : extension of rotation age, conversion to productive forests, and conversion to selective harvesting. The estimated carbon removals from the project designed in this study were $259,936tCO_2$ ($8,664tCO_2$ annually), which is 98% of estimated carbon removals from the entire 69 projects currently registered to the Forest Carbon Offset Registry in Korea. The results of this study showed that a large-scale carbon offset project based on forest management could have a huge potential to produce carbon offset credits.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2011

본 연구는 GIS RS를 기반으로 무주군 산림의 이산화탄소 $(CO_{2})$ 흡수량 및 바이오에너지 공급 잠재량을 추정하기 위하여 수행하였다. 추정 결과, 무주군 산림은 7,800,130 $tCO_{2}$를 흡수한 것으로 추정되었으며, 이용 가능한 전체 바이오에너지 공급 잠재량은 $11,868,202,837Mca{\ell}$인 것으로 추정되었다. 또한, 연간 바이오에너지 공급 잠재량은 $314,876,637Mca{\ell}/year$이었으며, 이는 겨울철 난방용 바이오에너지로 무주군 전체 가구수 10,902 가구보다 많은 11,214 가구에 공급할 수 있는 것으로 추정되었다. 본 연구는 국가단위 산림의 $CO_{2}$ 흡수량 및 바이오에너지 공급 잠재량 추정에 있어서 그 방법론을 제시하였으며, GIS RS 등의 최신 기법을 기반으로 정밀한 산림 정보를 이용한 국가단위의 추정은 신뢰도를 더욱 높일 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2015

산림은 많은 양의 탄소를 저장하고 있으며, 산림 탄소 동태는 기후변화에 따라 변화할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구는 우리나라 산림에서 가장 우점하는 침엽수종과 활엽수종인 소나무림과 참나무림을 대상으로 최근 개발 및 개선된 한국형산림토양탄소모델(Korean Forest Soil Carbon model; KFSC model)을 이용하여 두 가지 기후변화 시나리오(2012년 기온이 2100년까지 유지되는 시나리오(CT), Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP) 8.5 시나리오) 하에서의 산림 탄소 동태를 예측하였다. 5차 국가산림자원조사 자료로부터 소나무림과 굴참나무림 조사구들을 추출한 뒤, 이를 행정구역(9개 도, 7개 특별 광역시) 및 영급(1-5영급, 6영급 이상)별로 분류하여 탄소 동태 모의 단위를 설정하였다. 탄소 저장고는 2012년을 기준으로 초기화하였으며, 모의 기간인 2012년부터 2100년까지 모든 교란은 고려하지 않았다. 모의 결과 산림 탄소 저장량은 시간이 경과함에 따라 전반적으로 증가하지만, CT 시나리오에 비하여 RCP 8.5 시나리오 하에서 산림 탄소 저장량이 낮게 나타났다. 소나무림의 탄소 저장량(Tg C)은 2012년에 260.4에서 2100년에는 각각 395.3(CT 시나리오) 및 384.1(RCP 8.5 시나리오)로 증가하였다. 굴참나무림의 탄소 저장량(Tg C)은 2012년에 124.4에서 2100년에는 219.5(CT 시나리오) 및 204.7(RCP 8.5 시나리오)로 각각 증가하였다. 5차 국가산림자원조사 자료와 비교한 결과, 고사유기물 탄소 저장량의 초기값은 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 모의 기간 동안 소나무림과 굴참나무림의 연간 탄소 흡수율($g\;C\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$)은 CT 시나리오 하에서 각각 71.1과 193.5, RCP 8.5 시나리오 하에서 각각 65.8과 164.2로 추정된다. 따라서 우리나라 소나무림과 굴참나무림의 탄소 흡수잠재력은 지구 온난화에 의하여 감소할 것으로 예상된다. 비록 모델의 구조와 파라미터로부터 불확실성이 존재하지만 본 연구는 미래 산림 탄소 동태 파악에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제111권4호
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• pp.461-472
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• 2022

우리나라 산림의 임상은 자연적·인위적 요인에 의해 지속적으로 변화하고 있다. 임상(침엽수림, 활엽수림, 혼효림)면적의 비율은 국가 산림자원 특성 파악에 중요하게 활용되는 정보이기 때문에 임상 변화에 대한 정확한 이해와 전망이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국가산림자원조사 시계열 자료를 이용하여 임상 변화 발생 특성을 이해하고 이를 기반으로 미래 임상 변화 예측치를 도출하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 제5차, 제7차 국가산림자원조사 자료의 10년 기간 임상 변화정보와 임상 변화에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 변수(기후, 지형, 임분, 교란 등)를 이용하여 임상 변화 특성을 분석한 결과, 우리나라 산림은 침엽수림이 감소하고 혼효림과 활엽수림이 증가하는 방향으로 변화하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 침엽수림에서 혼효림으로, 혼효림에서 활엽수림으로 변화되는 지역은 주로 지형적으로 습윤하고 강수량이 많아서 수분관련 생육환경이 양호하며 주변에 활엽수림이 많은 지역이었다. 또한 기온이 높은 지역, 임분의 임령과 밀도가 낮은 지역, 주변 지역에 비산림이 많은 지역 등 교란 가능성이 높은 지역에서 변화가 많이 발생했다. 이러한 임상의 변화 특성을 반영하여 기계학습 모형(SVM)을 구축하고 기후변화시나리오(RCP 8.5)를 이용하여 미래의 임상 변화를 전망한 결과, 2015년에서 2055년까지 40년 동안 침엽수림은 38.1%에서 28.5%로 감소, 활엽수림은 34.2%에서 38.8%로 증가, 혼효림은 27.7%에서 32.7%로 증가할 것으로 예측되었다. 본 미래 임상분포 변화 정보는 향후 산림관리 전략 수립의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2009

Forests potentially contribute to global climate change through their influence on the global carbon (C) cycle. The Kyoto Protocol provides for the involvement of developing countries in an atmospheric greenhouse gas reduction regime under its Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Carbon credits are gained from reforestation and afforestation activities in developing countries. Bangladesh, a densely populated tropical country in South Asia, has a huge degraded forestland, which can be reforested by CDM projects. To realize the potential of the forestry sector in developing countries like Bangladesh for full-scale emission mitigation, the carbon sequestration potential should be integrated with the carbon trading system under the CDM of the Kyoto Protocol. This paper discusses the prospects of carbon trading in Bangladesh, in relation to the CDM, in the context of global warming.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2020

Adverse impact of Particulate Matters(PM10, PM2.5; PMs) significantly affects daily lives. Major countermeasures for reducing concentration of PMs were focused on emission source without considering spatial difference of PMs concentration. Thus, this study analyzed spatial·temporal distribution of PMs with observation data as well as potential contributing factors on PMs concentration. The annual average concentration of PMs have been decreased while the particulate matter warnings and alerts were significantly increased in 2018. The average concentration of PMs in spring and winter was higher than the other seasons. Also, the spatial distribution of PMs were also showed seasonality while concentration of PMs were higher in Seoul-metropolitan areas in all seasons. Climate variables, emission source, spatial structure and potential PM sinks were selected major factors which could affects on ambient concentrations of PMs. This paper suggest that countermeasures for mitigating PM concentration should consider characteristics of area. Climatic variables(temperature, pressure, wind speed etc.) affects concentrations of PMs. The effects of spatial structure of cities(terrain, ventilation corridor) and biological sinks(green infrastructure, urban forests) on concentration of PMs should be analyzed in further studies. Also, seasonality of PMs concentration should be considered for establishing effective countermeasures to reduce ambient PMs concentration.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2014

The tropical wet evergreen, tropical semi evergreen and moist deciduous forest types are projected to be impacted by climate change. In the Western Ghats region, a biodiversity hotspot, evergreen forests including semi evergreen account for 30% of the forest area and according to climate change impact model projections, nearly a third of these forest types are likely to undergo vegetation type change. Similarly, tropical moist deciduous forests which account for about 28% of the forest area are likely to experience change in about 20% of the area. Thus climate change could adversely impact forest biodiversity and product flow to the forest dependent households and communities in Uttara Kannada district of the Western Ghats. This study analyses the distribution of non-timber forest product yielding tree species through a network of twelve 1-ha permanent plots established in the district. Further, the extent of dependence of communities on forests is ascertained through questionnaire surveys. On an average 21% and 28% of the tree species in evergreen and deciduous forest types, respectively are, non-timber forest product yielding tree species, indicating potential high levels of supply of products to communities. Community dependence on non-timber forest products is significant, and it contributes to Rs. 1199 and Rs. 3561/household in the evergreen and deciduous zones, respectively. Given that the bulk of the forest grids in Uttara Kannada district are projected to undergo change, bulk of the species which provide multiple forest products are projected to experience die back and even mortality. Incorporation of climate change projections and impacts in forest planning and management is necessary to enable forest ecosystems to enhance resilience.