• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.286-291
• /
• 2004

원발성 지방육종은 종격동에서 매우 드물게 발생하는 악성 종양으로 수술적 절제가 가장 효과적인 치료로 알려져 있다. 24세 남자 환자가 1개월 전부터 시작된 호흡곤란과 흉부 불편감으로 타 병원에서 좌측 혈흉을 의심하여 좌측 흉관삽관술을 시행받았다. 본원 입원 후 흉부 단순촬영에서 종격동 편위소견을 보였고 빈맥이 진행하였으며, 중심정맥압이 상승하는 양상보여 진단 및 혈괴제거를 위해 응급으로 좌측 개흉술을 시행하여 다량의 점액성의 혈성 흉수를 제거하였고, 조직검사 결과 골격계외 점액성 연골육종으로 진단되었다. 2주 후 좌측 개흉술로 횡격막 및 심낭의 일부를 포함하는 흉막외 좌측 전폐적출술과 함께 종격동 종양을 절제하였다. 조직검사에서 점액성/원형세포 지방육종으로 진단되었으며, 입원 54일만에 합병증 없이 퇴원하였다. 술 후 2개월째 1회의 항암화학요법(Ifosfamide+Adriamycin: IA) 후 종격동, 좌측 견갑골 부위 및 종격동 임파선에 재발하여, 약제를 바꾸어 (Etoposide+Ifosfamide+Cisplatin: VIP) 항암화학요법을 시행하였으나 복강전이로 술 후 10개월째 사망하였다. 종격동에 발생하는 원발성 지방육종은 매우 드문 질환으로 수술적 절제 및 항암요법 후 추적관찰한 1예를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.431-439
• /
• 2004

Scutellariae Radix (Scu.), one of the immune-regulatory substances, is recognized to play the role in the metabolic process of inflammation, allergy and immunity. It has been traditionally used in the Oriental medicine to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of water extracts of Scutellariae Radix on the spleen lymphocyte immune function in the Balb/c female mice treated with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce colitis. Water extract of Scutellariae Radix (100 mg/kg) and sulfasalazine (50 mg/kg) were administrated orally for 2 weeks of experimental period. Mice were divided into three experimental groups randomly: DSS group (5％ DSS was ad libitum for 5 days) as control group, DSS ＋ Scu. (water extracts of Scutellariae Radix for 2 weeks after 5％ DSS was ad libitum for 5 days) as experimental group, and DSS ＋ Sulfasalazine group (Sulfasalazine for 2 weeks after 5％ DSS was ad libitum for 5 days) as positive control group. Levels of Ig A, Ig E, CD4$^{＋}$, CD8$^{＋}$, TNF-$\alpha$ and other cytokines were measured. Treatment of DSS for 5 days induced bowel inflammation and the treatment with Scu. water exteract and sulfasalazine significantly recovered the damage. The length of intestine of DSS group was significantly shorter than that of other groups. The serum and fecal concentration of Ig A of SS ＋ Scu group was higher than those of DSS group. The contents of CD4$^{＋}$ T cells was higher in the DSS ＋ Scu. group than the other groups and CD8$^{＋}$ T cells was the lowest in DSS ＋ Sulfasalazine group. The Ig A level of cultured supernatant of spleen lymphocyte was the highest, while the Ig E level was the lowest in SS ＋ Scu group. The concentration of TNF-$\alpha$, cytokine secreted from the Th1 cell in the supernatant spleen lymphocyte, was the highest in the DSS group and the lowest in the DSS ＋ Scu. group. The concentration of IFN-${\gamma}$ and ll...-12 was lower in the DSS ＋ Scu. group than those of the other groups. The concentration of IL-4 in the supernatant of spleen lymphocyte was the lowest in the DSS ＋ Scu. group but IL-10 was not significantly different. Based on these findings, water extract of Scutellariae Radix exhibited the inhibitory effect via IL-4 production thereby inhibited the production of Ig E and strengthened immune system, and alleviated injury in DSS- induced colitis mice model.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.724-730
• /
• 1999

본 연구에서는 인뇨에서 분리 정제한 urokinase와 유전자 재조합 CHO(Chinese Hamster Ovary) 세포 배양액으로부터 분리 정제한 pro-urokinase의 물리화학적 특성과 혈액 내에서의 효소활성을 비교 분석하였다. Two chain form인 urokinase와 single chain form인 pro-urokinase를 각각 순수 분리한 후, electrophoresis한 결과 모두 54 kd의 단일밴드를 나타냈다. 그러나 urokinase는 환원시켰을 때 33 kd과 21 kd으로 나누어짐을 확인하였으나 gel filtration결과 분자량이 54 kd 정도임을 확인되어 용액 내에서 단일분자로 존재함을 알 수 있었다. Urokinase와 pro-urokinase가 물리화학적으로 거의 동일한 구조를 가졌다는 사실은 isoelectro focusing에 의한 pI 값이 모두 8.6으로 동일하다는 점과, 아미노산 조성을 분석한 결과 동일하다는 사실로도 알 수 있었다. N-terminal 아미노산 서열을 분석한 결과, urokinase는 이중사슬구조이므로 N-terminal이 두개 존재하여 pro-urokinase의 서열(Ser-Asn-Glu-Leu-His-Gln-Val-Pro-Ser-Asn)이외에도, 159번째의 Ile다음부터 Ile-Gly-Gly-Glu-Phe-Thr-Thr-Ile-Glu가 같은 peak로 나타남을 확인하였다. 효소활성 조사결과 pro-urokinase와 urokinase는 모두 농도 의존적으로 혈전용해 활성을 보였으나, 특이하게도 짧은 반응시간동안에는 urokinase가 동일 농도 하에서 강한 활성을 보인 반면, 2시간이 지난 오랜 반응조건에서는 pro-urokinase가 혈전용해활성을 나타내었다. Fibrinogen에 대한 분해활성을 조사한 결과, urokinase는 혈장 내 fibrinogen을 상당히 손상시키지만, pro-urokinase는 거의 영향을 주지 않아 혈전선택성이 매우 좋음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.603-613
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate on the biodegradability, biocompatibility and tissue regenerative capacity of synthetic bioabsorbable membranes in beagle dogs. For animal study, 9 adult beagle dogs were used to examination, on the surgical implantation of membranes and histological analysis. In each animal, the 3rd and 4th premolars of the both sides of the mandible were selected as test teeth. Two types of bioresorbable membranes including "Guidor membrane", "S-membranes" were used to examining for biological activity, and also Gore-tex membranes was used for positive control. Surgically created defects were made in 2 premolars of both sides of the mandible at $3{\times}4mm^2$ in size and tested membranes were implanted in the defected area. A plaque control regimen was instituted with daily tooth brushing with a 0.1% chlorhexidine digluconate during experimental periods. All the experimental animals were sacrificed after 2, 4, and 8 weeks from surgery and undecalcified slides were prepared using the "sawing and grinding" technique described by Donath and Breuner". In biodegradability, all the membranes were started their biodegradation from two weeks after implantation and gradually demolished of their frame morphology from eight weeks. However, demolition of membranes in 8 weeks after implantation was highest in Guidor membranes and followed by S-membranes. Biocompatibilityof two kinds of biodegradable membranes including Guidor and S-mambrane were shown to be well tolerated to the surrounding tissue, and were minimal accumulation of inflammatory cell infiltration around the implanted membranes to compare with Gore-tex membrane. Regeneration of defected alveolar bone was initiated from two weeks of membrane implantation and new bone formation was gradually increased from that time. However, pattern of new bone formation on the defected areas of two kinds of biodegrable membranes was almost similar and quite competitive comparing with Gore-tex membrane. These results implicate that bioresorbable membranes should be highly useful tool for guided tissue regeneration of periodontal defects.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.335-345
• /
• 2020

Tomato grey mould has been one of the destructive fungal diseases during tomato production. Ten mM of menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) was applied to tomato plants for eco-friendly control of the grey mould. MSB-reduced tomato grey mould in the 3rd true leaves was prolonged at least 7 days prior to the fungal inoculation of two inoculum densities (2 × 10⁴ and 2 × 10⁵ conidia/ml) of Botrytis cinerea. Protection efficacy was significantly higher in the leaves inoculated with the lower disease pressure of conidial suspension compared to the higher one. MSB-pretreatment was not effective to arrest oxalic acid-triggered necrosis on tomato leaves. Plant cell death and hydrogen peroxide accumulation were restricted in necrotic lesions of the B. cinereainoculated leaves by the MSB-pretreatment. Decreased conidia number and germ-tube elongation of B. cinerea were found at 10 h, and mycelial growth was also impeded at 24 h on the MSB-pretreated leaves. MSB-mediated disease suppressions were found in cotyledons and different positions (1st to 5th) of true leaves inoculated with the lower conidial suspension, but only 1st to 3rd true leaves showed decreases in lesion sizes by the higher inoculum density. Increasing MSB-pretreatment times more efficiently decreased the lesion size by the higher disease pressure. MSB led to inducible expressions of defence-related genes SlPR1a, SlPR1b, SlPIN2, SlACO1, SlChi3, and SlChi9 in tomato leaves prior to B. cinerea infection. These results suggest that MSB pretreatment can be a promising alternative to chemical fungicides for environment-friendly management of tomato grey mould.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제39권5호
• /
• pp.965-973
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of vitamin E on the prevention and treatment of Babesia gibsoni. Fifteen mongrel dogs, uninfected with Babesia spp, were assigned to three groups according to vitamin E(${\alpha}-tocopherol$) concentrations in the RBC. The concentrations in each of the three groups were, respectively : ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ in RBC less than $30{\mu}g/{\mu}l$(Group I), $30{\mu}g/{\mu}l{\sim}60{\mu}g/{\mu}l$(Group II), more than $60{\mu}g/{\mu}l$(Group III). Artificial infection was accomplished by injecting $2{\times}10^7{\sim}2{\times}10^8$ erythrocyte of Babesia gibsoni-infected dog into the cephalic vein. We investigated the clinical signs, vitamin E concentrations in RBC and serum, Vitamin A concentrations in serum, hematological values, white blood cell(WBC) viability and RBC membrane osmotic fragility after infection of Babesia gibsoni for a period of 20 days at 5 day intervals. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. After infection by Babesia gibsoni, clinical examination revealed depression, anorexia, pale mucous membranes, dark brown urine and diarrhea in proportion as time went on. After 10 days of infection, one dog each of Groups I, II and III revealed depression and anorexia. Two dogs in Group I and one dog each of Groups II and III showed dark brown urine after 15 days. Diarrhea was observed in one dog in each of the 3 groups after 20 days of infection. 2. After 5 days of infection, two dogs in each of Groups I, II and III showed Babesia gibsoni in RBC of blood smear stained with Giemsa. At the 15th day after infection with Babesia gibsoni, they were observed in all experimental animals. After both 5 days and 10 days of infection, the rate of Babesia gibsoni parasitized RBC(permillage, ‰) was 1‰, and increased as time went on. 3. After 5 days of infection by Babesia gibsoni, Group I, which had the lowest vitamin E concentration, showed significantly decreased RBC and PCV levels(p < 0.01). Group II and group III also showed significantly decreased RBC and PCV levels after 15 days of infection(p < 0.05). Particularly after 10 days of infection, Group I showed lower values in RBC and PCV levels compared to Groups II and III. WBC, RBC, fibrinogen and total protein levels between the groups did not differ during experimental periods. 4. According to the WBC differential counts, the ratios of neutrophil to lymphocyte showed a tendency to be slightly higher in Group III (more than $60{\mu}g/{\mu}l$) than in Groups I and II. 5. WBC viability did not differ between the groups. 6. RBC membrane osmotic fragility did not differ between the groups.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2015

돼지생식기호흡기증후군(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome; PRRS) 바이러스의 ORF5a 단백질이 바이러스 생장에 필수적인 단백질인지 확인하기 위해서 PRRS 바이러스 감염성 클론을 이용하여 ORF5a 단백질 유전자를 결손시킨 변이 클론을 제작하였다. 야생형 PRRS 바이러스 감염성 클론과 ORF5a 단백질이 결손된 변이 클론을 BHK-tailless pCD163 세포에 transfection시킨 결과 변이클론에서감염성있는바이러스가숙주세포로부터만들어지지않았다. 이결과가 ORF5a 단백질발현의부재때문인지검증하기위해서 BHK-tailless pCD163-tailless 세포에 ORF5a 단백질을안정적으로발현하는세포주를제작하였고이세포주에동일한 transfection 실험을한결과세포에서공급되는 ORF5a 단백질발현에의해감염성있는바이러스가만들어지는것을확인하였다. 이로써 ORF5a 단백질이 PRRS 바이러스가 생장하는데 있어서 필수적인 단백질임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The most effective methods of harvesting, preparing, and injecting autologous fat grafts have been inconsistent and conflicting. With its limitation as resorption in fat grafting, handling various techniques affect adipocyte survival, and is crucial to optimizing its long-term survival. To improve graft survival, re-implantation of cryopreserved adipocytes was developed. In addition, adipocytes do not induce immune rejection in response to non-self lymphocytes in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in cryopreserved adipocytes so as to determine the most efficient long-term storage period, and to analyze the changes in cryopreserved allografted adipocytes so as to determine the efficacy of cryopreserved adipocytes allografting. Methods: Fat tissues were harvested from the inguinal and retroperitoneal fat pad of mice. After the centrifugation of the harvested fat tissues, they were disintegrated with collagenase. The adipocytes were obtained by centrifugation of the disintegrated fat tissues. The adipocytes were treated as follows: (1) They were examined for weight and then frozen at $-20^{\circ}C$(n=25). For four months, each five frozen samples were taken and examined for weight and histologic changes in the 1st week, the 1st month, the 2nd month, the 3rd month, and the 4th month, respectively. (2) The adipocytes were immediately frozen at $-20^{\circ}C$(n=125). For four months, five frozen samples were taken, and allografted in the same time period as above. Finally, for four months, five cryopreserved allografted adipocytes were taken and examined for histologic changes in the same time period as above. Results: (1) Significant weight changes and histologic findings with inflammatory and destructive changes were observed in the cryopreserved adipocytes in three months. (2) Significant fat necrotic changes in the histologic changes with Hematoxylin and eosin stain were observed in the cryopreserved allografted adipocytes since the first week, independent of the freezing period. Conclusion: The study results show that the adipocytes that were cryopreserved for more than three months underwent obvious weight reductions and necrotic changes, and the adipocytes that were allografted without freezing were viable for four months, but the cryopreserved allografted adipocytes had obvious necrotic changes since the first week regardless of the freezing period.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권8호
• /
• pp.477-484
• /
• 2019

포유류에 존재하는 Collectin-Placenta 1 (CL-P1)을 포함한 여러 종류의 scavenger 수용체는 주로 내피 세포, 대식 세포 및 평활근 세포 표면에 발현되는 분자이다. 이들 분자는 산화 된 저밀도 지질 단백질 (oxLDL)에 결합하여 처리 할 수 있는 세포 표면 당 단백질이다. 이들 분자 중 케르세틴이 CL-P1 활성화에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 확인하였다. 케르세틴은 산화 반응을 담당하는 자유 라디칼의 제거제 역할을 하여 산화를 중지시키는 항산화제로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 마우스 CL-P1 유전자 promoter 부분의 전사 시작 점부터 -500 번째 염기까지의 단편을 DNA 중합효소를 이용하여 클로닝 하였다. 그 후에 대식세포 계열인 RAW264.7 및 섬유아세포계열의 NIH3T3 세포에 도입하여 케르세틴이 CL-P1 유전자 발현에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구를 하였다. 이 부위에는 세포주기 조절 인자인 E2F 결합부위를 비롯해서 여러 종류의 전사 인자가 결합하는 염기서열이 다수 위치하고 있다. 이러한 500염기 단편을 pGL4.10 기본 벡터 및 프로모터에 연결시킨 후 세포에 도입시켰다. 그리고 배양 중에 케르세틴을 처리하여 유전자 발현양을 형광 색소 발현기법으로 측정하였다. 그 결과 유전자 발현이 시작되는 앞쪽 부분의 -250에서 -350사이의 염기들이 CL-P1 단백질을 만드는데 중요하다는 것을 확인하였다. 그 중에서도 E2F결합 부위가 결정적인 것 이라는 것을 DNA 돌연변이 실험을 통해 확인 하였다. 또한 부착 세포인 RAW264.7 배양액에 케르세틴을 첨가 한 결과, 배양용기 표면에서 탈락하는 현상을 확인하였다. 즉 발현된 CL-P1단백질이 케르세틴에 의해 세표 표면의 부착 분자에도 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.202-209
• /
• 2014

RNA interference(RNAi)는 살아있는 세포 내에서 유전자의 표현 형을 억제하는 작용을 하고 Chitinase는 곤충이 탈피를 하는 동안 오래된 큐티클의 분해와 재흡수를 도와주는 효소로 알려져 있다. 이러한 작용기작을 이용하는 연구를 수행하기 위하여 담배거세미나방의 chitinase와 관련하여 탈피저해 효과를 조사하였다. 담배거세미나방 5령 유충으로부터 RNA를 추출하고 이용하여 cDNA를 합성하고 약 700 bp의 chitinase를 증폭 하였다. 증폭한 PCR product를 pGEM T-easy vector에 cloning하여 competent cell (E.coli)에 형질전환 시키고 mixture를 배양 후 colony를 선발하고 plasmid DNA를 추출하였다. 그 결과 약 3 kb size의 vector band와 약 700 bp의 insert band를 확인 할 수 있었다. dsRNA를 합성하기 위해 각각의 DNA를 Spe I과 Nco I의 제한 효소 처리를 하여 linear form의 DNA로 만들었다. dsRNA 합성 후 약 $10{\mu}g/{\mu}l$의 농도로 $5{\mu}l$씩 담배거세미나방 4령 유충에 주입하였다. 그 결과 유충-유충간의 탈피에서는 기형발육, 탈피저해, 표피의 색소 변이가 나타났다. 번데기-성충 간의 탈피에서는 탈피저해, 날개변이, 기형발육 현상을 볼 수 있었다. 용화율의 경우 무처리구 83.3%, DW 처리구 78.3%, dsRNA 처리구 66.7%로 나타났다. 우화율의 경우 무처리구 90.0%, DW 처리구 72.3%, dsRNA 처리구 65.0%로 나타나 dsRNA를 처리한 그룹에서 상대적인 탈피 저해 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 변이율의 경우 무처리구 8.9%, DW 처리구 2.9%, dsRNA 처리구 19.2%로 dsRNA를 주입한 처리구에서 변이율이 가장 높게 나타난 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 표현형적 변이는 dsRNA 주입 후 약 18 시간 이후부터 뚜렷하게 나타나는 것을 볼 수 있었다.