• 벤처창업연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.191-206
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• 2020

통일과 북한이탈주민의 직장생활에 관한 여러 연구들이 진행되고 있지만, 경영학의 인적자원관리 측면에서 북한이탈주민의 특성을 남한 근로자와 비교한 연구는 거의 찾아볼 수가 없었다. 이러한 선행연구의 한계를 고려하여 본 연구는 북한이탈주민과 남한 근로자 사이의 집단 비교분석을 통하여, 조직몰입과 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 두 집단간의 비교분석을 위하여 북한이탈주민인 근로자 145명, 남한 근로자 213명을 대상으로 다중집단구조방정식모형을 통해 실증분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 조직몰입과 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 측정도구에 대하여 두 집단 모두 동등하게 인식하여 측정동질성은 확인되었다. 측정동질성이 확인되어 두 집단 사이의 차이를 검정한 결과, 긍정심리자본 중 하위 구성요소인 낙관주의가 조직몰입에 영향을 미치는 것과 사회적 지지 중 애정적 지지와 교류적 지지가 조직몰입에 영향을 미치는 점에 있어서는 두 집단 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있음을 확인했다. 두 집단 사이의 경로를 분석해보면, 첫째 긍정심리자본과 관련하여서는 낙관주의가 조직몰입에 영향을 미치는 점은 두 집단 모두 확인할 수 있었는데, 그 강도에 있어서 남한 근로자가 미치는 영향이 북한이탈주민의 경우보다 강하게 나타났다. 둘째, 사회적 지지와 관련하여서는 애정적 지지와 교류적 지지가 모두 남한 근로자의 경우 조직몰입과 유의한 영향관계를 확인할 수 없었던 반면, 북한이탈주민 근로자의 경우에는 그 두 가지 사회적 지지가 조직몰입에 영향을 미치는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 셋째, 그 외 긍정심리자본의 하위구성요소 중 개인적인 특성이 강한 자기효능감, 희망, 복원력과 사회적 지지의 하위 구성요소(정보적 지지, 물질적 지지)에 관한 부분은 두 집단 사이의 차이를 확인할 수 없었다. 이러한 결과는 북한이탈주민 근로자를 고용한 중소기업이나 경영자들에게 북한이탈주민 근로자들이 사회적 지지, 특히 애정적 지지와 교류적 지지를 지각할 수 있도록 조직 환경을 조성해가는 것이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.449-455
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• 1998

능성어와 같은 고급해산어의 양식에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있지만, 부화후 섭이 개시 직후의 자어의 구경이 작은 이유 때문에 현재 배양하고 있는 로티퍼 보다 소형의 먹이 생물이 요구되고 있다. 이 실험에서는 이와 같은 현실적인 요구사항에 부응하여 다양한 사이즈의 먹이 생물을 이용 가능하도록 하는 것을 목적으로 S형 로티퍼B. rotundiformis와 자유 유영형의 사이 크로포이다의 코페포다 Apocyclops sp.에게 T. suecica를 먹이로 급이하면서 두종을 혼합 배양하였다. 실험조건은 수온 25${\circ}C$, 염분 22ppt, 배양수량은 50ml의 비이커에 사육수 40ml, 실험기간 16일간, 2일마다 전 개체수를 계수하면서 암흑조건하에서 배양했다. 단독 배양구의 코페포다 Apocyclops는 실험기간 동안에 계속 대수증식을 하여 평균 최고 밀도는 12개체/ml에 달하였다. 더욱이 코페포다 Apocyclops의 증식은 코페포다 Apocyclops 단독 배양의 경우보다도 로티퍼 b. rotundiformis 와 혼합 배양했을때가 탁월한 증식을 보였다(최고 밀도는 20.15${\pm}$4.45개체/ml). 특히 로티퍼와 Apocyclops의 혼합 배양구에서 노플리우스의 개체수는 9.88${\pm}$1.38개체/ml로서 코페포다 Apocyclops 단독배양의 경우와 비교하면 약 2배 이상의 증식을 보였다. 그러나, 로티퍼 B. rotundiformis의 증식은 단독 배양에 비하여 코페포다 Apocyclops와 혼합 배양함으로서 그 증식이 크게 억제되었다. 먹이로서 급이한 T. suecica는 로티퍼 B. rotundiformis 단독 배양구와 코페포다 Apocyclops와의 혼합 배양구에서는 실험 개시 후 10일째부터 잔존량을 거의 관찰할 수 없었다. 그러나, 코페포다 Apocyclops는 적극적으로 T. suecica을 섭이하지는 않았다. 즉, 로티퍼와 코페포다간의 먹이 경쟁관계는 관찰할 수 없었다. 이 연구에서는 소구경 어종의 종묘 생산 초기과정에서 자어의 기아현상으로 인한 초기 대량 폐사와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 일반적으로 배양중인 로티퍼(사이즈180${\mu}$m 전후) 보다 더 적은 사이즈의 먹이 생물을 검색하기 위한 한 방법으로서 소구경 어종들이 요구하고 있는 먹이생물의 사이즈, 즉 150${\mu}$m 전후의 노플리우스가 생산 가능한 코페포다 Apocyclops를 로티퍼와 혼합 배양하였다. 이와 같이 다양한 사이즈의 먹이생물을 혼합배양하여 사육 대상 자치어에게 먹이로서 급이 가능하다면, 소구경 어종이 요구하는 사이즈의 문제는 극복 가능할 것이다. 뿐만 아니라, 사이즈 280${\mu}$m 전후의 대형 로티퍼(B. plicatilis)와 부화직후의 알테미아 유생(사이즈 950${\mu}$m)을 사용하고 있는 현재의 먹이 생물 급이 계열에서 요구되는 중간 사이즈 (사이즈300-500${\mu}$m 전후) 먹이생물의 공급도 해결 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.81-95
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• 1995

Now, safety assurance in construction sites should be accomplished by its own organization rather than control of the code or government. It is believed that the safety assurance can be considerably improved by a lecture or an education using the existing theories or literatures up to now, but it is thought that fundamental safety assurance we not able to be accomplished without developing safety devices '||'&'||' equipment or taking fundamental measures, based on the result analyzed from workers behaviors. There are various behaviors of the workers showed in construction site, but only tests for hammerusing works such as form, re-bar, stone workers directly related to the grip strength are mainly performed, investigated and measured here for the study. The above works are similar to power grip, 7th picture on seven items which are categorized for hand grip types(Ammermin 1956 ; Jones ; Kobrick 1958). Measurements of grip strength are commonly taken in anthropometric surveys. They are easy to administer but unfortunately it is rather dubious whether they yield any data that are of interest to the engineer. Very fewer controls of tools are grasped and squeesed studies showed very little overall correlation between grip strength and other measures of bodily strength (Laubach, Kromer, and Thordsen 1972), but hammer-using work which is practically progressed in construction site are mainly influenced with grip strength. According to the investigation on work measurement, it is shown that 77% of form worker are using hammer to be related to grip strength. In this study, it is particularly noticed that wearing safety gloves in construction site is required for workers safety but 20% difference between grip strength with safety gloves and without ones are commonly neglected in the site(Fig. 1). Nevertheless, safety operation with consideration of the above 20% difference is not considered in the construction site. Factors of age, kinds of work, working time, with or without safety gloves are in vestigated '||'&'||' collected at the sites for this study. Test, not at each working hour but at 14 : 00 when the almost all of the workers think the most tired, resulting from the questionaires, also when it is shown on the research report has been performed and compared for main kinds of works : form '||'&'||' re-bar work. Tests were performed with both left SE rightand of the workers simultaneously in construction site using Rand Dynamometer(Model 78010, Lafayette Instrument Co., Indiana, U.S.A) by reading grip strength on the gauge while they are pulling, and then by interviewing on their ages, works, experiences and etc., directly. The above tests have been performed for the dates of 15th march-26th May '95 with consideration of site condition. And even if various factors of ambient temperature on the testing date, working condition, individual worker's habit and worker's condition of the previous ate are concerned with the study. Those are considered as constants in this study. Samples are formwork 53, rebar 62, electrician 5, plumber 4, welding 1 from D construction Co., Ltd, ; formwork 12, re-bar 5, electrician 2, from S construction Co., Ltd, , formwork 78, re-bar 18, plumber 31, electrician 13, labor 48, plumber 31, plasterer 15, concrete placer 6, water proof worker 3, maisony 5 from B construction Co., Ltd. As In the previously mentioned, main aspect to be investigated in this study will be from '||'&'||' re-bar work because grip strength will be directly applied to these two kinds of works ; form '||'&'||' re-bar work, eventhough there are total 405 samples taken. It is thought that a frequency of accident occurrence will be mainly two work postures "looking up '||'&'||' looking down" to be mainly sorted, but this factor is not clarified in this study because It will be needed a lot of work more. Tests has been done at possible large scale of horizontally work-extended sites within one hour in order to prevent or decrease errors '||'&'||' discrepancies from time lag of the test. Additionally, the statistical package computer program SPSS PC＋has been used for the study.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 1996

The joint diseases threaten modern people's healthy life. They bring about a long pain, an anasarca, loss of joint function or even deformation and rigidity of joint, limiting people's ordinary activities much. The chronic joint patients may be subject to some hypochondria caused by anxiety for their life, social isolation, financial problem and physical disability. Therefore, this population should continue to be duely taken care of by medical personnels. In particular, nurses should adequately help these people to recover and improve their health through suitable adaptations. With such basic conceptions in mind, this study was aimed at reviewing these patients' conditions in their ordinary life before and after a plastic operation for artificial joint replacement as well as their satisfaction with their life. For this purpose, those patients who underwent some plastic operations for artificial joint replacement at university hospitals in Seoul from January 2, 1993 to June 30, 1995 were selected as the population of this study. Among them, 87 people were randomly sampled to answer a questionnaire designed specially. For the surveying tools, Jette's (1980) scale was applied to address the sample people's inconveniences experienced and supports received in their ordinary life, while the scale of Wood, Wylie & Sheafer was used to measure their satisfaction with their life. The collected data were analyzed for percentiles, means, SD, t-test and Pearson's correlations. The results of survey can be summarized as follows ; As a result of t-test the frequencies of other people's support before and after the plastic operation, it was disclosed that those who underwent the operation were supported less frequently. In addition, as a result of t-testing their satisfaction with life before and after the operation, it was found that the operation increased their satisfaction with life significantly. Meanwhile, as a result of t-test inconveniences, frequencies of supports and life satisfaction before and after the plastic operation for artificial knee replacement, it was disclosed that only the inconveniences were significantly reduced after the operation. In contrast, the t-test the variables before and after the plastic operation for artificial hip replacement, it was found that only the frequencies of other people's supports were significant reduced after the operation. Furthermore, the differences 6 months, one year and two years after the plastic operation for artificial joint replacement were t-tested on the variables. As a result, it was disclosed that people's inconvenience, frequencies of supports and life satisfaction were not improved 6 months after the operation but their frequencies of supports decreased significantly one year after, while their inconveniences and life satisfaction were significantly improved two years after. As a result of analyzing the variables with Pearson's correlations, inconveniences and frequency of supports were negatively correlated significantly with the life satisfaction. In conclusion, the plastic operation for artificial joint replacement significantly improved people's living inconveniences, reduced their frequency of other people's support and enhanced their satisfaction with life. To break don the plastic operation for artificial knee replacement improved patients' inconveniences, while the plastic operation for artificial hip replacement not only improved patients' inconveniences but reduced the frequencies of other people's support also. Finally, the finding that the plastic operation for artificial joint replacement brought about the improvement two years after suggests that this period is needed for the patients to adapt themselves to the post-operation conditions.