• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.159-188
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• 2008

This study suggests strategies which can enable to creation of new opportunities of competitive advantages while operating a long lasting and consistent business with major trading partners, based on interorganizational information systems (IOISs) specially established and installed for interorganizational transactions. Nowadays, IOISs based mechanism having been widely expanded as a conventional business infrastructure for the interorganizational transactions and/or exchanges, it is customary difficult to obtain any strongly sound advantage over the competitors who have adopted even the simplest deployment of the IOIS mechanisms. In this connection, this study intends to investigate the interorganizational collaborative activities conducted by under the auspicious of IOISs, focused on the prospect of the exploitation of IOISs rather than the implementation of the IOISs. In this study, we, firstly, suggest the concept of Electronic Collaboration which can be defined by the collaborative activities conducted by IOISs, compared to the ones conducted on off-line. In addition, we suggest the Electronic Collaboration as a multi-dimensional concept, constituted by three sub-constructs, the Electronic Information Sharing (EIS), the Electronic Joint Activity (EJA), and the construction of the Electronic Relational Knowledge Store (ERKS). Secondly, we empirically verify the effects of relational and environmental determinants on the Electronic Collaboration. In this study, the relational determinants relate to the variables created in interorganizational relationship like Trust, Influence, Relational Specific Asset-asset invested for the transaction-, and Continuity of the relationship. On the other hand, the environmental determinants relate to the variables surrounding the relationship which are difficult to control. We consider Product Complexity, Technological Uncertainty, and Market Variability as the domain of the environmental determinants. To test our hypotheses, we conducted both paper-based survey and online-based survey. After refining the data with missing responses, a total of 150 data was used for analysis. The results were as follows : Firstly, it is statistically significant that the Electronic Collaboration is composed of EIS, EJA, and ERKS. In particular, the results imply that the firms are able to accumulate relational knowledge base as well as to exchange information or knowledge, and to conduct joint activities through effort to further expand the Electronic Collaboration. Secondly, we have verified the individual effects of the relational and the environmental determinants on the Electronic Collaboration. Product Complexity has been revealed as the most influential variable affecting the Electronic Collaboration. Next, Interorganizational Trust and Technological Uncertainty, in that order, have been seen to have significant effects on the Electronic Collaboration. In other words, when products or services seem to be difficult to standardize, and the core technologies seem to rapidly change, the need for the Electronic Collaboration increase. In addition, the observation dictates that the interorganizational trust turns out to be a critical variable in building a relationship and in seeking further collaboration. The results, further, illustrate that the environmental determinants are relatively more effective than the relational determinants, which is not consistent with a few prior researches relational determinants emphasized. It is because this study doesn't consider the size of the firm. A few researchers have given an emphasis on the relational determinants like trust and influence, especially from the perspective of small firms in interorganizational relationship. However, in our study, where all the sizes of the firms are contained, electronic collaboration is considerably affected by the environmental determinants.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.377-384
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• 2017

It is generally acknowledged that subcontractors mostly allocate their resources to project relying on their previous experiences, instead of data-based judgement. Installing residential fire protection systems, typically performed by subcontractors, is labor-intensive job and its schedule is frequently changed as the contractor master schedule is often revised. Nevertheless, it is still important for subcontractors to make much effort to improve labor productivity through a thorough planning for scheduling and resource allocation. The purpose of this study is to identify significant factors that affect labor productivity for residential fire protection system installation. For this purpose, 50 potential factors that may affect productivity were identified based on literature reviews and expert interviews. These factors were further explored using correlation analysis and ANOVA test. The results showed that the labor productivity is significant impacted by various project characteristics.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.125-139
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• 2006

Recently, as mobile internet users grow rapidly, mobile internet companies are experiencing a fierce competition to capture new customers. Under this business environment, they try to identify factors that make people use mobile internet in order to satisfy customers by providing better and diversified services. There has been enormous effort to analyze customers' behavior in choose and use mobile internet services. However, there is no one best methodology to identify factors to attract customers yet. Thus, the study applied the flow construct proposed by Csikszentmihalyi(1977) and expanded by Hoffman and Novak(1996) to identify environmental factors of internet which has impact on users' mobile internet usage. To implement the study, the following activities have been done: literature reviews on service acceptance model and flow structure, questionnaire survey, suggestion of the flow model on mobile internet, and hypothesis test. For the study, 242 out of 307 samples collected were statistically analyzed using SPSS 10.0, AMOS 4.0 statistics package. The findings of this study are as follows: First, mobile internet environment factors influencing on challenge of flow antecedent were media characteristics(use of convenience, transmission quality), contents characteristics(uniqueness, timeliness, simplicity). Second, mobile internet environment factors influencing on skill of flow antecedent were contents(uniqueness, timeliness, simplicity), charge(definiteness and diversity of charge), usage(security, instant connectivity). Third, challenge of flow antecedent had a significant effect on flow of mobile internet usage. But it was not statistically significant that skill has an influence on flow. This study discovered the relationship between mobile internet environment factors(media characteristics, contents characteristics, charge characteristics, usage characteristics) and flow experience of mobile internet users which would be a valuable insight for marketing strategies. Results shows that challenge of flow antecedent have a significant impact on flow experience in mobile internet environment. Additional, media characteristics, contents characteristics of mobile internet environment factors is positively correlated with challenge of flow antecedent. In other words, mobile internet companies should provide customers with diverse service and take a challenging attitude to get customers show aggressive attitude in mobile internet usage.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.215-228
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• 2020

Under Article 19, Paragraph 1 of the Food Industry Promotion Act, Rural Development Administration renews the Korean foods composition table every five years. Before the publication of the tenth revision of the Korean foods composition table in 2021, this paper suggests methods for collecting representative samples of 182 highly consumed foods in Korea. Food markets are categorized by their distribution channels, which are supermarkets and local markets. Eight samples are collected from each category by applying the National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program (NFNAP)'s stratified multi-stage sampling. The NFNAP was implemented in 1997 as a collaborative food composition research effort between the National Institute of Health (NIH) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to secure reliable estimates for the nutrient content of food and beverages consumed by the US population. Selected supermarkets for selecting representative food samples are Emart Kayang, Homeplus Siheung, Lottemart Dongducheon, Emart Suwon, Lottemart Dunsan, Lottemart Yeosu, Emart Ulsan, and Hanaroclub Ulsan. Selected local markets also are Doksandongusijang in Geumcheon-gu and Pungnapsijang in Songpa-gu, Seoul, Ilsansijang in Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang, Unamsijang in Buk-gu, Gwangju, Beopdongsijang in Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, Bongnaesijang in Yeongdo-gu and Jwadongjaeraesijang in Haeundae-gu, Busan, and Jungangsijang in Jinhae-gu, Changwon.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.9 s.89
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• pp.1177-1181
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• 2007

Calmodulin (CaM), a ubiquitous calcium-binding protein, regulates diverse cellular functions by modulating the activity of a variety CaM-binding proteins (CaMBPs). Because eukaryotes have multiple CaMBPs, it is important to isolate and characterize them in different tissues and conditions. So far a number of CaMBPs have been identified through classical screening methods. Many classes of proteins have been predicted to bind CaMs based on their structural homology with already known targets. In an effort to develop a method for large-scale analysis of CaMBPs in Arabidopsis, we have generated a transgenic plants overexpressing AtCaM2-GFP. We performed protein pull-down assay to test whether exogenously expressed AtCaM2-GFP proteins can interact with CaMBPs. The exogenously expressed AtCaM2-GFP could strongly interact with a CaMBP, AS1 protein. This result suggests that AtCaM2-GFP in transgenic plants may interact with many CaMBPs in plant cell. Therefore, we will be able to isolate kinds of CaMBPs by using these transgenic plants in many different tissue and environments.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate provedly the effectiveness of the practice for the arts and crafts by machine for project based learning upon improving industrial high school students' key competency for vocation, and to provide the incumbent teachers and future teachers who want to conduct research, a similar study with the basic reference materials. The vocational key competencies interested in this study are communication ability, information usage skills, team work skills, problem solving skills, tool usage skills, and responsibility and confidence areas. Because the result of pre and post testing over these six areas has insignificant differences statistically, we reach a conclusion which project based learning is more effective than traditional practice methods at improving the vocational key competencies of industrial students. On the basis of the results of this study, I would like to suggest some kinds of things needed to improve the vocational key competencies of industrial high school students. First, we require the diverse research to investigate the best teaching and learning methods to cultivate people of ability with the vocational key competencies Second, it is required that to measure the extent of the improvement of the vocational key competencies of industrial high school students, we have to develop a more objective test tool than that used in this study. Third, in the light of facts that project based learning influences on improving the vocational key competencies of the industrial high school student, we will have to make an effort actively to find the best teaching and learning methods, like project based learning. Therefore, we need to give diverse training opportunities and financial support so that teachers can conduct research to find the best teaching and learning method at improving the vocational key competencies for industrial high school students.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.3677-3688
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• 2011

The patent information retrieval system can serve a variety of purposes. In general, the patent information is retrieved using limited key words. To identify earlier technology and priority rights repeated effort is needed. This study proposes a method of content-based retrieval using text mining. Using the proposed algorithm, each of the documents is invested with characteristic value. The characteristic values are used to compare similarities between query documents and database documents. Text analysis is composed of 3 steps: stop-word, keyword analysis and weighted value calculation. In the test results, the general retrieval and the proposed algorithm were compared by using accuracy measurements. As the study arranges the result documents as similarities of the query documents, the surfer can improve the efficiency by reviewing the similar documents first. Also because of being able to input the full-text of patent documents, the users unacquainted with surfing can use it easily and quickly. It can reduce the amount of displayed missing data through the use of content based retrieval instead of keyword based retrieval for extending the scope of the search.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2010

Cold in-place recycling (CIR) using emulsified asphalt or foamed asphalt has become a more common practice in rehabilitating the existing asphalt pavement due to its cost effectiveness and the conservation of paving materials. As CIR continues to evolve, the engineered emulsified asphalt was developed to improve the field performances such as coating, raveling, retained stability value and curing time. The main objective of this research is to compare the laboratory responses of the engineered emulsified asphalt (CIR-EE) mixtures against the foamed asphalt (CIR-foam) mixtures using the reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP)materials collected from the CIR project on U.S. 20 Highway in Iowa. Based on the visual observation of laboratory specimens, the engineered emulsified asphalt coated the RAP materials better than the foamed asphalt because the foamed asphalt is to create a mastic mixture structure rather than coating RAP materials. Given the same compaction effort, CIR-EE specimens exhibited lesser density than CIR-foam specimens. Both Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength of CIR-EE specimens were about same as those of CIR-foam specimens. However, Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength of the vacuum-saturated wet specimens of CIR-EE mixtures were higher than those of CIR-foam mixtures. After four hours of curing in the room temperature, the CIR-EE specimens showed less raveling than the CIR-foam specimens. On the basis of test results, it can be concluded that the CIR-EE mixtures is less susceptible to moisture and more raveling resistant than CIR-foam mixtures.

• BMB Reports
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 2005

The monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP3), on chromosome 17q11.2-q12, is a secreted chemokine, which attracts macrophages during inflammation and metastasis. In an effort to discover additional polymorphism(s) in genes whose variant(s) have been implicated in asthma, we scrutinized the genetic polymorphisms in MCP3 to evaluate it as a potential candidate gene for asthma host genetic study. By direct DNA sequencing in twenty-four individuals, we identified four sequence variants within the 3 kb full genome including 1,000bp promoter region of MCP3; one in promoter region (-420T>C), three in intron (+136C>G, +563C>T, +984G>A) respectively. The frequencies of those four SNPs were 0.020 (-420T>C), 0.038 (+136C>G), 0.080 (+563C>T), 0.035 (+984G>A), respectively, in Korean population (n = 598). Haplotypes, their frequencies and linkage disequilibrium coefficients (|D'|) between SNP pairs were estimated. The associations with the risk of asthma, skin-test reactivity and total serum IgE levels were analyzed. Using statistical analyses for association of MCP3 polymorphisms with asthma development and asthma-related phenotypes, no significant signals were detected. In conclusion, we identified four genetic polymorphisms in the important MCP3 gene, but no significant associations of MCP3 variants with asthma phenotypes were detected. MCP3 variation/haplotype information identified in this study will provide valuable information for future association studies of other allergic diseases.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.168-181
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to monitor evaluation in science education at primary and secondary school in Korea. In order to do this, the survey was administered. The subject was 518 teachers; 292 elementary school teachers, 110 middle school science teachers and 116 general high school science teachers. It was found that the ratio of paper examination increased while that of performance evaluation decreased according to the grade of school. In the science paper examination, the ratio of selection type item was higher than that of supply type item, and the ratio of item belonging to knowledge area was higher than that of item belonging to the inquiry area regardless of the grade of school, teaching career, and teacher's gender. The teachers recognized the necessity of supply type item, but they suffered from the reliability of the result of that item. And it was hard for them to do performance evaluation because it took much time and effort. This study suggested that the high-quality in-service teacher training be provided and laboratory assistants who help the science experiment and grading test papers be employed in order to fulfil the performance evaluation and increase the ratio of supply type item and items belonging to the inquiry area.