• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.133-145
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• 2020

Soil in mine waste-rock fields, and at the pithead, sediments and farmlands around an abandoned mine in the Chungcheong Province of South Korea were investigated to assess the distribution of metallic elements and to understand the scope of the pollution. Reddening was observed from the mine up to a distance of 61 m. Losses of waste rock around the mine were assessed over a section of 1800 ㎥. Yellowish precipitates on the bottom of a stream were identified as ferrihydrite and goethite. For anions, a mean sulfate ion level over 773.6 mg/L was found during August in the river water samples. Mine drainage at the site was shown to have a pH of 4.9 and a sulfate concentration of 1557.8 mg/L during the August rainy season. A possible cause of the metallic element contamination in the mine is waste-rock loss, because mine waste-rock is located on the slope in this area. In conclusion, the total soil area to be treated, based on the amount that exceeded the recommended Korean soil pollution levels, was assessed to be 10,297 ㎡.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2019

Research is underway on services and systems that provide real-time alerts for suffocating gases and potentially explosive materials, but currently smart bend type services are lacking. This study supports real-time identification of explosion hazards due to static electricity in the workplace and immediate elimination of accident occurrence factors, real-time monitoring of worker status and workplace hazards (oxygen, hazardous chemical concentration), and immediate warning and data in case of danger. We propose a method of establishing an accident prevention system through analysis. In this way, various accidents that may occur in industrial sites are monitored using IoT-based intelligent sensor nodes, wireless network technology, data processing middleware, and integrated control system, and real-time risk information at the industrial sites is prevented and accidents are prevented. By supporting a safe working environment, the company can significantly reduce costs compared to post-procurement costs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2020

According to the statistics provided by Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal for the year 2018, the majority of marine accidents in the past four years have occurred in fishing boats and small-sized boats. Negligent behavior resulting from not looking outside and non-compliance with navigation laws are the primary reasons behind ship collisions. Although safety education and training are reinforced to prevent such accidents, they still occur frequently. Hence, technical methods are continuously being developed to reduce ship collisions caused by human cause. The objective of this study is to reduce ship collisions by employing the WAVE communication system, which has short transmitting and receiving periods that can be incorporated for high-speed small-sized vessels. In this study, the suitability of the communication range was examined, and the appropriate range and timing for avoidance motion were accordingly selected, and a control algorithm based on the same was thereby designed. Consequently normal operation of the collision avoidance system was verified by connecting and simulating the proposed WAVE communication router-controller-steering equipment.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influencing factors of self-leadership, academic self-efficacy and instructor-student interaction on self-directed learning in nursing college students. Methods: This study used a descriptive survey design. Participants were 190 nursing college students at three universities in Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangnam-do. Data were collected from May 10 to June 12, 2016 using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with SPSS 19.0. Results: The results showed that the self-leadership of the nursing students was 3.49, academic self-efficacy, 3.17, instructor-student interaction, 3.71, and self-directed learning, 3.43, respectively. Self-directed learning of nursing college students was positively associated with self-leadership(r=.65, p<.001), academic self-efficacy(r=.61, p<.001) and instructor-student interaction (r=.36, p<.001). 001). Self-leadership, academic self - efficacy, major satisfaction, GPA 4.0 or above explained 65% of the total variance in self-directed learning among nursing college students. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that nursing interventions for increasing self-leadership, academic self-efficacy and major satisfaction should be developed to improve self-directed learning of nursing students. Additional studies for changes in the overall teaching and learning environment to promote the self-directed learning environment in nursing education should be conducted.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.720-725
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• 2004

Robot systems have applied to manufacturing or industrial field for reducing the need for human presence in dangerous and/or repetitive tasks. However, robot applications are transformed from industrial field to human life in recent tendency Nowadays, final goal of robot is to make a intelligent robot that can understand what human say and learn by itself and have internal emotion. For example Home service robots are able to provice functions such as security, housework, entertainment, education and secretary To provide various functions, home robots need to recognize human`s requirement and environment, and it is indispensable to use artificial intelligence technology for implementation of home robots. In this paper, implemented robot system takes data from several sensors and fuses the data to recognize environment information. Also, it can select a proper behavior for environment using soft computing method. Each behavior is composed with intuitive motion and sound in order to let human realize robot behavior well.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.87-102
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• 2002

Injury has now replaced disease as the biggest single cause of death in children after their first birthday. Each day child dies from preventable, unintentional injury and the medical cost of these injury is increasing remarkably. It is necessary to develope injury prevention models to explain, predict, manage, evaluate and analyze the information about accident. The purpose of this paper is, firstly, to investigate parent's actions regarding safety measures at home and secondly, to identify the influencing factors of parents' safety behaviors. The selection of such factors is guided by the theoretical framework of the Pender's Health Promotion Model. Method ; The questionnaire was developed on the basis of other investigations, through pilot testing, peer review, and review by field health workers. The questionnaire was completed by 231 mothers of young children. Data was collected between April and May 2002. Variable Use of three different domains of safety behavior, safety habits, supervision and perception of safety devices, were listed. Mothers were self reported on internal locus of control, mother & child relationships, and marital intimacy. Also the elements of the Health Promotion Model: perceived benefit, barrier, threat, and self-efficacy, were surveyed. Results & discussion The results indicate that most parents take considerable action to reduce household hazards. The constructs derived from the Model were statistically significant differences for a small part of the variables on parental behavior to reduce hazards in the home, such as age, education, economic status, self-efficacy, perceived benefit, internal locus of control. Future studies ought to include social influences, such as expectations, perceived norms, knowledge, and child-related variables, relevant to parental safety measures in their home.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.455-466
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• 2020

This paper presents analysis of the interaction between tunnel and Qanat with a particular interest for the optimization of Qanat shape using the discrete element code, PFC2D, and the results will be compared with the FEM results of PLAXIS2D. For these concerns, using software PFC2D based on Discrete Element Method (DEM), a model with dimension of 100m ^⁎ 100 m was prepared. A circular tunnel with dimension of 9 m was situated 20 m below the ground surface. Also one Qanat was situated perpendicularly above the tunnel roof. Distance between Qanat center and ground surface was 8 m. Five different shapes for Qanat were selected i.e., square, semi-circular, vertical ellipse, circular and horizontal ellipse. Confining pressure of 5 MPa was applied to the model. The vertical displacement of balls situated in ground surface was picked up to measure the ground subsidence. Also two measuring circles were situated at the tunnel roof and at the Qanat roof to check the vertical displacements. The properties of the alluvial soil of Tehran city are: γ_dry=19 (KN/㎥), E= 750 (kg/㎠), ν=0.35, c=0.3(kg/㎠), φ=34°. In order to validate the DEM results, a comparison between the numerical results (obtained in this study) and analytical and field monitoring have been done. The PFC2D results are compared with the FEM results. The results shows that when Qanat has rectangular shape, the tensile stress concentration at the Qanat corners has maximum value while it has minimum value for vertical ellipse shape. The ground subsidence for Qanat rectangular shape has maximum value while it has minimum value for ellipse shape of Qanat. The vertical displacements at the tunnel roof for Qanat rectangular shape has maximum value while it has minimum value for ellipse shape of Qanat. Historical shape of Qante approved the finding of this research.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.47-53
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• 2017

The university must open the "School Development Plan and Specialization Plan" at the university allimi. The reason for this is the Special Act on the Disclosure of Information by Educational Institutions, enacted on May 25, 2007, and the Plan for Reform of University Reform announced by the Ministry of Education on Mar 28, 2014. Therefore, we examined the similarity and standardized model of the "School Development Plan and Specialization Plan" published by a total of 137 colleges. As a result of the study, only 17(12.4%) of the college produced information in two ways(school development and specialization), and the rest were not. The school development plan presented quantitative indicators such as world number one, The characterization plan presented qualitative indicators such as human. Based on this, standardized research procedures and conception are presented.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.60-74
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to review articles related to disaster training for nursing students and nurses by investigating the contents and effects of research. Electronic databases, including CINAHL, Pubmed and RISS were searched. Papers published only in English or Korean were included. Twelve studies were selected from the 3,588 references screened. Most training programs took less than 8 hours, focusing mostly on the response phase of disaster. Intervention methods included simulation, debriefing, action learning, role play, problem based learning and so on. It was found that disaster training programs have significant positive effects on disaster management competency, disaster knowledge, disaster nursing related self-confidence, and disaster response competency. It was also revealed that multidisciplinary practice would help learners enhance cooperation and collaboration with other team members and foster a positive professional identity. Among the selected articles, the randomized controlled trial(RCT) study was just one. Therefore, RCTs are further needed to verify the effects of such an disaster training. Also, further studies considering the characteristics of department and nursing interventions based on all phases of disaster are needed.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.82-89
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• 2004

Today, people are bombarded with information, high-technology and multimedia. With that in mind, museum can no longer attract visitor with traditional concept, so it must find some solution or stimulation to attract their attention back. New museum is becoming a experimental space for new culture, new education, and most of all a place to fulfill one's satisfaction of life. Over the past centuries, Guggenheim Foundation has done a great job in providing place for art and place to get emotional stimulation. Out of all of their museums, Frank L. Wright's Solomon R. Guggenheim in New York and frank O. Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao had most unique character yet share similar feature to be recognized as the architectural landmark of the 20th & 21st century Although there are close to 50 years of gap between two museums, their unique, attractive, site-specific, emotional value comes from the two most innovative architect of the past and present century. For Wright the Guggenheim was his last project but it had one of the greatest impact on his career and for Gehry the museum gave him confidence that anything is possible. This study will focus on the spatial organization as well as the architectural formation of both museum to compare and analyze. The goal of the research is to give fundamental data which will reveal emotional elements as well as concepts from each work. The content of this research will mainly focused on their architectural philosophy and it will reveal their concept on human emotion as well as the characteristics of the spatial organization. The result of the study will be a valuable reference for people designing art & cultural facilities in the future.