• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.30 no.sup2
• /
• pp.203-210
• /
• 2001

Objective : Paraclinoidal aneurysms termed that aneurysms arising from proximal internal carotid artery(ICA) between the site of emergence of the carotid artery from roof of the cavernous sinus and origin of the posterior communicating artery(PCoA). These aneurysms pose conceptual and technical surgical problems with regard to acquisition of proximal control and safe intracranial exposure. The efficiency of surgical technique according to the location of paraclinoidal aneurysm was studied for minimal exposure. Materials and Methods : Over the past four years, the authors treated surgically 171 cases of cerebral aneurysm, among them ten patients were paraclinoidal aneurysms with two patients unruptured aneurysms. Mean age was 47 years old, and all patients were female. Three patients were proximal posterior carotid artery wall aneurysms(one large, one giant), four patients carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysms and three patients superior hypophyseal artery aneurysms. Results : There could be done clip in all cases, there were no deaths and no complication. And no patient developed sustained neurological deficits including visual function except hydrocephalus in one case. Four patients complained of visual disturbance but two patients had recovery after postoperation and two patient were not longer to bad. Conclusion : Our recent experience suggests that preoperative scrutiny of diagnostic angiography allows classification of all paraclinoidal aneurysms regardless of size and surgical technique which this classification has focused on operative approaches unique to each aneurysm projection was helpful to improve the operative outcome with good visual function and to shorten the operative time.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.53-67
• /
• 2008

Purpose : This study is descriptive correlation research to provide basic materials for developing program which can give practical assistance in preventing and managing obesity through more comprehensive approaches of influential factors on obesity found in existing literatures. Methods : Data were collected from the 4th, 5th and 6th graders at 2 elementary schools in Gwangju Metropolitan City and 4 elementary schools in Jeollanamdo province using questionnaire and students' physical examination results from June 15 to July 27, 2006 and data obtained from 1,866 students were used for analysis. Data collected were analyzed with technical statistics and correlation analysis using SPSS/PC(version 12.0). Results : 1. Obesity level of elementary school students was examined as follows; 33.2% had low weight, 44.3% normal, 10.8% overweight and 11.7% obese. 14.8% of boys and 8.6% of girls, 13.5% of the 4th graders, 12.1% of the 5th graders and 9.2% of the 6th graders, and 13.7% of urban students and 9.6% of rural students were obese. 2. According to general characteristics and obesity of the subjects, there were significant differences by sex(${\chi}^2=29.55$, p= .000), grade(${\chi}^2=12.84$, p= .046), region(${\chi}^2=41.96$, p= .000) and pocket money(${\chi}^2=33.43$, p= .001). 3. As genetic factors, all variables including sibling's obesity r= .128(p= .000), mother's obesity r= .098(p= .000) and father's obesity r= .081(p= .001) had influence on children's obesity. 4. Concerning environmental factors, there was positive correlation between eating habits r=- .052(p= .02) and school record r=- .048(p= .04) and there was negative correlation between internet using time r= .050(p= .03) and conflict with parents r= .048(p= .04). 5. Self-respect as psychological factor had negative correlation as r=- .048(p= .04). Conclusion : Consequently, the influential factors on obesity of elementary school students were as follows. Obesity was higher in boys than in girls, in urban areas than in rural areas, in lower grade than in higher grade, in children with obese siblings, obese father and mother, irregular and wrong eating habits, frequent internet uses, parents in conflict and lower school record and self-respect. Therefore, since it was found that these variables were more exact causes to increase children's obesity, development of various obesity mediation programs considering these variables at home, school and society is urgently required.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.144-156
• /
• 2021

This study examined hydrogeological characteristics of groundwater and surface water interaction in the fresh-saline water mixed zone of East Coast lagoon area, Korea, using several technical approaches including hydrological, lithological, and isotopic methods. In addition, the fresh-saline water interface was evaluated using vertical electrical conductivity (EC) data. For this purpose, three monitoring wells (SJ-P1, SJ-P2, and SJ-P3) were installed across the Songji lagoon at depths of 7.4 to 9.0 m, and water level, EC, and temperature at the wells and in the lagoon (SJ-L1) were monitored using automatic transducers from August 1 to October 21, 2021. Isotopic composition of the groundwater, lagoon water, and sea water were also monitored in the mid-September, 2013. The mixing ratios calculated from oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition decreased with increasing depth in the monitoring wells, indicating saline water intrusion. In the study area, the interaction of groundwater-surface water-sea water was evident, and residual salinity in the sedimentary layers created in the past marine environment showed disorderly characteristics. Moreover, the horizontal flow at the lagoon's edge was more dominant than the vertical flow.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.1397-1404
• /
• 2018

Due to the technical difficulties and high cost for obtaining 3-dimensional structure data, sequence-based approaches in proteins have not been widely acknowledged. A motif can be defined as any segments in protein or gene sequences. With this simplicity, motifs have been actively and widely used in various areas. However, the motif itself has not been studied comprehensively. The value of this study can be categorized in three fields in order to analyze the human proteins using artificial intelligence method: (1) Based on our best knowledge, this research is the first comprehensive motif analysis by analyzing motifs with all human proteins in Protein Data Bank (PDB) associated with the database of Enzyme Commission (EC) number and Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP). (2) We deeply analyze the motif in three different categories: pattern, statistical, and functional analysis of clusters. (3) At the last and most importantly, we proposed random motif frequency(RMF) matric that can efficiently distinct the characteristics of proteins by identifying interface residues from non-interface residues and clustering protein functions based on big data while varying the size of random motif.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.56-64
• /
• 2019

Various approaches have been attempted to develop recycling technologies related to industrial waste resources containing metals. Among them, glass is not decomposed into microorganisms, so landfill is not suitable, and interest in the recycling of waste glass is increasing. In this paper, by incorporating chelate resin to suppress the elution of heavy metals in waste glass and using waste glass as a fine aggregate and we want to evaluate the strength, drying shrinkage, alkali-silica reaction and heavy metal leaching of shielded filler materials and to provide basic data for utilizing waste glass as an economical and environmentally friendly shielding filler. As a result of the test, it was found that the use of waste glass as a fine aggregate was effective in the development of strength, but the incorporation of chelate resin had an influence on the strength development. In addition, the addition of chelate resin was effective in improving drying shrinkage but it was found to affect the alkali - silica reaction. As a result of the heavy metal leaching test, the KSLP test method satisfies all the criteria for heavy metal leaching. However, in case of lead, the limit of US ANSI 67-2007a was exceeded and further study should be done.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.331-337
• /
• 2019

Titania has become the most applicable material for photocatalytic application. Nevertheless, titania has the weak point in its wide band gap energy that is mainly activated by UV irradiation. There have been vast research challenges in order to make the wide band gap energy of titania narrow that could be activated in the presence of visible light. Various modifications of titania surface were popular because titania needs to change its surface to respond in visible light. Among the methodological approaches, N-doping to titania can be the alternative candidate because it is facile process and eco-friendly. The activated electron from valence band in N-doped $TiO_2$ migrates to conduction band in the presence of visible light irradiation, which shows photocatalytic activity as well. In this study, focused on the evaluation of nitrogen state after N-doping through brief review. Arguments are still existed in nitrogen states and their different effects on photocatalytic activity. In particular, two nitrogen states are generally reported; substitutional and interstitial states. The research articles regarding N-doped $TiO_2$ are continuously appearing because the potential application of water split in visible light is still fascinate. The future of N-doped $TiO_2$ is also presented by referrals based on various literature.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.393-403
• /
• 2021

Recently, there is becoming larger interest in the public practice centers equipped with advanced manufacturing equipment of industries that is difficult to have in all vocational high schools for strengthening practical education and technical education tailored to the Fourth Industrial Revolution in vocational high schools. In this study, using spatial optimization approaches, we explored the optimal location sets of the public practice centers of vocational high schools in Seoul for an illustration. For the proposed optimial location methods, P-median Problem (PMP) and Maximal Coverage Location (MCLP) were used because, when the public practice centers located in priority of large vocational high schools based on the number of students, it showed that the result is not minimizing the travel distance and maximizing the demand of the vocational high school students. This study found that the PMP can find the optimal location sets that minimize the travel distance of whole students. In addition, all students can be captured through locating five public practice centers by MCLP. It should be noted that the optimal locations of this study are limited in Seoul. However, the frame of this methodology applied in this study can be utilized to locate the public practice centers in other regions based on the spatial decision making.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.427-438
• /
• 2022

With the recent growing importance over safety management the need for advanced and technical approaches for on-site safety inspection methods has increased. Railway construction is subject to its own particular set of temporal and spatial challenges due to its unique facilities and equipment. This study aimed to investigate the field characteristics of railway infrastructure and improve the conventional field safety management methods by identifying the most appropriate features of AR technology. Group interviews and surveys were conducted with field safety experts to derive the major problems and inspection needs. Subsequently, various features of AR, such as BIM model projection, and remote conferencing, were investigated to determine their applicability to address safety issues. As a result, four problems in the current safety management process, such as 'lack of time due to the conventional inspection method and inspection of areas that are difficult to access', and three major inspection types, such as 'observance of work procedures, status of installation, adequate dimensional spacing', were identified to be improved when adopting AR based techniques. Furthermore, AR technology utilizing plans to solve safety inspection problems and effectively manage major inspection types were proposed, and a follow up survey was conducted with the same field safety experts to derive the priority of technology development.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2022

Lithium metal is the most promising anode for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its lowest reduction potential (-3.04 V vs. SHE) and high specific capacity (3860 mAh/g). However, the dendritic formation under high charging current density remains one of main technical barriers to be used for commercial rechargeable batteries. To address these issues, tremendous research to suppress lithium dendrite formation have been conducted through new electrolyte formulation, robust protection layer, shape-controlled lithium metal, separator modification, etc. However, Li/Li symmetric cell test is always a starting or essential step to demonstrate better lithium dendrite formation behavior with lower overpotential and longer cycle life without careful analysis. Thus, this review summarizes overpotential behaviors of Li/Li symmetric cells along with theoretical explanations like initial peaking or later arcing. Also, we categorize various overpotential data depending on research approaches and discuss them based on peaking and arcing behaviors. Thus, this review will be very helpful for researchers in lithium metal to analyze their overpotential behaviors.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 2022

Innovation is considered as an implemented innovation in education - in the content, methods, techniques and forms of educational activity and personality education (methods, technologies), in the content and forms of organizing the management of the educational system, as well as in the organizational structure of educational institutions, in the means of training and education and in approaches to social services in education, distance and multimedia learning, which significantly increases the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of the educational process. The classification of currently known pedagogical technologies that are most often used in practice is shown. The basis of the innovative activity of a modern teacher is the formation of an innovative program-methodical complex in the discipline. Along with programmatic and content provision of disciplines, the use of informational tools and their didactic properties comes first. It combines technical capabilities - computer and video technology with live communication between the lecturer and the audience. In pedagogical innovation, the principles reflecting specific laws and regularities of the implementation of innovative processes are singled out. All principles are elements of a complex system of organization and management of innovative activities in the field of education and training. They closely interact with each other, which enhances the effect of each of them due to the synergistic effect. To improve innovative activities in the training of students, today computer technologies are widely used in pedagogy as a science, as well as directly in the practice of the pedagogical process. They have gained the most popularity in such activities as distance learning, online learning, assistance in the education management system, development of programs and virtual textbooks in various subjects, searching for information on the network for the educational process, computer testing of students' knowledge, creation of electronic libraries, formation of a unified scientific electronic environment, publication of virtual magazines and newspapers on pedagogical topics, teleconferences, expansion of international cooperation in the field of Internet education. The article considers computer technologies as the main building material for the entire society. In the modern world, there is a need to prepare a person for life in a multimedia environment. This process should be started as early as possible, because the child's contact with the media is present almost from the moment of his birth.