• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.501-508
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was designed to find out the fact that the followership types of nurses would effect on job satisfaction, organizational commitment and nursing task performance. Methods: The sample consisted of 219 nurses working in 2 medical institutions. SPSS program was used for descriptive statistics, ANOVA, chi-square test, Duncan test, Pearson Correlation, and Multiple Regression. Results: In the followership type, effective follower was the largest as 47.0% and passive follower was 26.9%. Nurses who had a effective followership style had the highest level of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and those who had a passive followership style had the lowest level of organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and nursing performance. The followership was significantly related to the organizational commitment, job satisfaction and nursing task performance. The active involvement had a positive effect on the organizational commitment, job satisfaction and nursing task performance. The critical thinking had a positive effect on the job satisfaction. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the most effective followership is effective follower. And organizational managers must take into account followership types when they develop the strategies for organizational effectiveness.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2014

Asian populations contain a variety of ethnic groups that have ethnically specific genetic differences. Ethnic variants may be highly relevant in disease and human differentiation studies. Here, we identified ethnically specific variants and then investigated their distribution across Asian ethnic groups. We obtained 58,960 Pan-Asian single nucleotide polymorphisms of 1,953 individuals from 72 ethnic groups of 11 Asian countries. We selected 9,306 ethnic variant single nucleotide polymorphisms (ESNPs) and 5,167 ethnic variant copy number polymorphisms (ECNPs) using the nearest shrunken centroid method. We analyzed ESNPs and ECNPs in 3 hierarchical levels: superpopulation, subpopulation, and ethnic population. We also identified ESNP- and ECNP-related genes and their features. This study represents the first attempt to identify Asian ESNP and ECNP markers, which can be used to identify genetic differences and predict disease susceptibility and drug effectiveness in Asian ethnic populations.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2016

Recognition of human motions has become a main area of computer vision due to its potential human-computer interface (HCI) and surveillance. Among those existing recognition techniques for human motions, head detection and tracking is basis for all human motion recognitions. Various approaches have been tried to detect and trace the position of human head in two-dimensional (2D) images precisely. However, it is still a challenging problem because the human appearance is too changeable by pose, and images are affected by illumination change. To enhance the performance of head detection and tracking, the real-time three-dimensional (3D) data acquisition sensors such as time-of-flight and Kinect depth sensor are recently used. In this paper, we propose an effective feature extraction method, called adaptive local binary pattern (ALBP), for depth image based applications. Contrasting to well-known conventional local binary pattern (LBP), the proposed ALBP cannot only extract shape information without texture in depth images, but also is invariant distance change in range images. We apply the proposed ALBP for head detection and tracking in depth images to show its effectiveness and its usefulness.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.183-194
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• 2009

Purpose: It is aimed to empirically apply and examine the effects of Creative Training Techniques (CTT) that focus on student-centered educational environment to an anatomy subject for biological nursing science education. Methods: A triangulation that combines cross-sectional survey and content analysis was used and the data were collected in 2008. Participants were 301 freshmen students attending one junior nursing college in Seoul, Korea. A questionnaire was distributed to 301 students, 289 of whom responded (response rate 96.0%), and used for data analysis. Factor analysis, reliability analysis, and descriptive statistics were conducted by using data analysis SPSS 14.0 KO for Windows programs. In addition contents analysis was conducted. Results: 1) CTT Increased the relationship between professor and students ($3.12{\pm}0.92$), 2) Students preferred the various team leader choosing method ($3.25{\pm}0.93$), 3) Model and image materials helped the learning ($3.71{\pm}0.89$). Conclusion: CTT can be used to enhance students' learning effectiveness. Intervention programs intensified by CTT may be useful to improve students' learning abilities in nursing science education.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.3-13
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to propose a teaching and learning model that can effectively manage convergence education, which is one of the concerns of university education, at the level of course. The pre-collaborative instructional design stage is to prepare the operation of the convergence project course. It shares the common goal and establishes a team of relevant professors to set up the actual convergence project topic and establishes cooperation relationships with industry or community as needed. In the convergence project activity, students will be able to understand the learning objectives, learning activities, evaluation methods, and explain the subject of the convergence project by proceeding with the whole orientation. Students organize teams of interest and conduct learning and design activities on convergence technologies and present their results. In the educational improvement activities, professors will share the lesson process and results and discuss improvements through the improvement seminar. As a result of analyzing the effectiveness of the proposed convergence project based teaching and learning model, the convergence project experience has improved the cooperative self - efficacy for the learners and the results were confirmed that students perceived to achieve the expected learning goal and satisfied with their experience.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.1854-1873
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• 2012

Owing to its simplicity and flexibility, the session initiation protocol (SIP) has been widely adopted as a major session-management protocol for Internet telephony or Voice-over IP (VoIP) services. However, SIP has faced various types of security threats. Call-disruption attacks are some of the most severe threats they face, and can greatly inconvenience consumers. In this paper, we analyze such SIP call-disruption attacks, and propose a method for detecting and counteracting them by extending the SIP INFO method with authentication. Using the proposed method, both the target user and the SIP server can detect the existence of a call-disruption attack on a user and counteract the attack. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method from the viewpoint of computational complexity by configuring a test-bed with an Asterisk SIP proxy server and an SIP performance (SIPp) emulator.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop an innovative training model and method to improve the posture and motion, while pulling up during weight lifting by evaluating the problems of Korean weight lifters performing this motion. To investigate the effectiveness of the new training method substitute members of the Korean national weight lifting team performed both the original pull up technique and new pulling training technique while kinetics and kinematics were recorded. For this study, the first phase of the new training method is more appropriate than the original training with the pull up drop slow deadlift to the knee joint. For the second phase, the new training motion is deemed to be more effective than the current box deadlift motion. Also, this new motion corrects the posture as there is more anterior hip joint motion(about 10 cm) and the knee flexes to about 120 degrees. For the third phase, starting about 10cm above the knee the box snatch high pull up is identified as a more suitable training method. For the forth phase, the box top snatch method is judged to be a more effective training method than the original top snatch training method.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.157-179
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• 2006

Recently, as business becomes more dependent on information technology for their operations, SI project managers are under increasing pressure to implement SI projects on time and within budget, and to satisfy customer requirements. For the success of SI projects and customer satisfaction, SI project managers should master the critical shills and knowledge requirements and consider the proper leadership style to lead the team members and to manage SI projects. The leadership style includes four categories, such as directive leadership, supportive leadership, participative leadership, and achievement-oriented leadership. This study has examined the project managers' competency and suggests the three competency factors, which are technical, human, and conceptual shills, for the success of SI projects and customer satisfaction. The study suggests that SI project managers should master the three critical skills and knowledge requirements, and consider the proper leadership style for the successful implementation of SI projects. Also SI project managers should consider contingency factors such as project size and duration and outcome variables such as protect performance and customer satisfaction so as to enhance the leadership effectiveness.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.9
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• pp.1597-1604
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• 2016

The speed at which the SRM (Switched Reluctance Motor) makes a transition from chopping control to single pulse operation. (i.e., low speed to high speed operation). It is unsatisfied with performance at all operational regimes. In this paper, the operational performance of SRM can be improved by using current hysteresis control method. This method maintains a generally flat current waveform. At the high speed, the current chopping capability is lost due to the development of the back-EMF. Therefore SRM operates in single pulse mode. By using zero-current switching and zero-voltage switching technique, the stress of power switches can be reduce in chopping mode. When the commutation from one phase winding to another phase winding, the current can be zero as fast as possible in this period because several times negative voltage of DC-source voltage produce in phase winding. This paper is compared to performance based on energy efficient C-dump converter topology and the proposed resonant C-dump converter topology. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed circuit.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.452-464
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• 2015

This paper proposes a DC microgrid operational strategy and control method for improved service reliability. The objective is to supply power to as many non-critical loads as possible, while providing an uninterrupted power supply to critical loads. The DC bus signaling method, in which DC voltage is an information carrier, is employed to implement the operational strategy in a decentralized manner. During grid-connected operation, a grid-tied converter balances the power of the microgrid by controlling the DC voltage. All loads are connected to the microgrid, and operate normally. During islanded operation, distributed generators (DGs), a backup generator, or an energy storage system balances the power. However, some non-critical loads may be disconnected from the microgrid to ensure the uninterrupted power supply to critical loads. For enhanced service reliability, disconnected loads can be automatically reconnected if certain conditions are satisfied. Control rules are proposed for all devices, and detailed microgrid operational modes and transition conditions are then discussed. Additionally, methods to determine control parameter settings are proposed. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation results demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed operational strategy and control method.