• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.2514-2518
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• 2010

A very simple synthetic route of a novel SATE prodrug type of 6'-fluoro-6'-methyl-5'-noradeonosine carbocyclic nucleoside phosphonic acid is described. The key fluorinated alcohol intermediate 7 was prepared from the epoxide intermediate 6a via selective ring-opening of epoxide. Coupling of 7 with $N^6$-bis-Boc-adenine under a Mitsunobu reaction followed by phosphonation and deprotection afforded the carbocyclic phosphonic acid. The chemical stability of the bis(SATE) derivative 13 was measured at neutral (pH 7.2) and slightly acidic (Milli-Q water, pH 5.5) pH. The antiviral activity test of the SATE prodrug 13 and its parent nucleoside phosphonic acid 11 were evaluated against HIV-1.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2018

In this paper, we investigated the alternative sources of limestone. Oyster shell waste originated from aquaculture that causes a major disposal landfill problem in coastal sectors in southeast Korea. Their inadequate disposal causes a significant environmental problems araised. Bio mineralization leads to the formation of oyster shells and consists $CaCO_3$ as a major phase with a small amount of organic matter. It is a good alternative material source instead of natural lime stone. The utilization of oyster shell waste for industrial applications instead of natural limestone is major advantage for conservation of natural limestone. The present work describes the limestone and oyster shells hydraulic activity and chemical composition and characteristics are most similar for utilization of oyster shell waste instead of natural limestone.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.3348-3352
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• 2010

Novel 4'-ethyl-5'-norcarbocyclic adenosine phosphonic acid analogues were synthesized from propionaldehyde 5 through a de novo acyclic synthetic route using reiterative Grignard additions and ring-closing metathesis (RCM) as key reactions. The synthesized nucleoside phosphonic acids analogues 17, 18, 19, and 21 were subjected to antiviral screening against human immunodeficiency virus.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.11-24
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop a teaching-learning model of convergence project based on team teaching. Based on development research methodology which explored a university case, the teaching-learning model was developed including three phases such as preparation, planning, and implementation & evaluation. The preparation phase has three steps as follows: to organize team teaching faculty; to develop convergence projects cooperated by industry and university; and to design instructions based on supporting convergence projects. The last step of preparation phase consists of five design activities of: (1) instructions and teaching contents; (2) communication channel among faculty members; (3) feedback system on students' performance; (4) tools to support learners' activity; and (5) evaluation system. The planning phase has two steps to analyze learners and to introduce and modify instruction and themes of convergence projects. The implementation & evaluation phase includes five steps as bellow: (1) to organize project teams and match teams with faculty members; (2) to do team building and assign duties to students of a team; (3) to provide instruction and consulting to teams; (4) to help teams to conduct projects through creative problem solving; and (5) to design mid-term/final presentation and evaluation. Lastly, the research implications and limitations were discussed for future studies.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1878-1885
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• 2009

The railway advance policy from Korea government, KORAIL have to reduce a half of his railway business loss until 2010 and turnout railway business black ink until 2012. To overcome this difficult management situation, KORAIL has been set up new marketing organization in Seoul station which is necessary and venerable. According to the leadership of Seoul station master, Seoul station's marketing team was launched at April 2008. The marketing team will introduce total marketing for KORAIL corporation in their marketing activity such as advertisement, B to B railway tickets, railway travel package sales and customer satisfaction event with other corporations, and so on. After automated ticket system(SMS and Home-printed ticket) will lead to existing ticket sales persons to become activating marketing team members. In the organization case study in Seoul station, this study how to manage new marketing team have a great performance last 8 months and analysed what was a successful factors and principals, and also their team limits within KORAIL's organization structure. In the long run, we suggest that how can be this team to be support within KORAIL system such as incentive system, payment system, and marketing budgets etc.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.113-113
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• 2019

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is an organic polysulfide compound found in garlic. Although certain studies have demonstrated that DATS possesses strong anti-inflammatory activity, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unresolved. In this study, we examined whether DATS exerts anti-inflammatory activity and investigated the possible mechanisms. Our results indicated that DATS significantly suppressed the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 by inhibiting inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages. DATS also down-regulated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 expression, and inhibited nuclear translocation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) in LPS-stimulated 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, we found that these inhibitory effects of DATS were associated with the inhibition of chemokine receptor (CXCR4) and ligand (CXCL12) expression, and reactive oxygen species generation. Overall, the present data indicated that DATS had anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-activated macrophages, possibly via inhibiting the TLR4/NF-kB and/or chemokine signaling pathways, and DATS could be a potential drug therapy for inflammation and its associated diseases.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.336-348
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• 2019

This study aimed to verify the effects of design thinking-based team project learning on nursing college students' empathy and proactivity of problem solving. This study also examined the subjects' experiences obtained from participating in team project activity through reflective analysis. The research was a one-group, pre-and-posttest design. The subjects were 64 seniors majoring in nursing studies in N university who had attended the course of nursing management practice. During the course, they participated in a design thinking team project for a total of 10 sessions for two weeks, five times per week, and one and a half hour per day. Data was analyzed using SPSS Win 22.0, a paired t-test was conducted and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated. Content analysis was carried out on their experiences obtained from participation in team project activity. The subjects' empathy(t=-2.94, p=.005) and proactivity of problem solving(t=-6.23, p<.001) showed statistically significant difference between before and after the design thinking-based team project learning and had significant positive correlation(r=.634, p<.001). Analysis of team reflection revealed four themes: design thinking, empathy, problem solving ability, and critical thinking. This study verified that design thinking-based team project learning was very effective in developing nursing college students' empathy and proactivity of problem solving. Research Results Design Thinking Based on team learning, project learning is an effective teaching learning method for finding and defining customer needs, creating a solution to problems, and enhancing engagement and empathy through various stakeholder collaborations I could.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.296-298
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• 2012

In this study, the biological activities of 33 kinds of wild mushroom methanol extracts were investigated. Boletellus elatus showed the greatest fibrinolytic activity (1.08 plasmin units/mL) in a fibrin plate assay, and the activity of Heterobasidion insulasis was 0.89 plasmin units. The thrombin inhibitory activities of Boletellus elatus and Heterobasidion insulasis were 93.32% and 93.69%, respectively. In a ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity test, Laccaria amethystina showed the greatest inhibitory activity at 81.25%. The antioxidative activities of Gomphus sp. and Geastrum lageniforme were 91.37% and 90.42%, respectively. Since Boletellus elatus and Heterobasidion insulasis have strong fibrinolytic and thrombin inhibitory and antioxidative activities, the two mushrooms can be used as material for the development of biofunctional foods for cardiovascular diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1612-1616
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• 2007

Physiological activities of the 70% ethanol extract from boiled-water of Enteroctopus dofleini (BE) upon a gamma irradiation were determined to examine the possible use of the food processing by-product as a functional material for food or cosmetic composition. Electron donating ability and the content of total phenolic compounds increased from 65% to 72% and from 406 ppm to 476 ppm, respectively, by 10 kGy gamma irradiation. A Salmonella mutagenicity assay indicated that the gamma-irradiated BE did not show any mutagenicity. Tyrosinase inhibition activity of the irradiated BE also increased from 57% to 86% with irradiation doses. These results show that irradiation can be used to increase the physiological activities of BE for its potential use as food or cosmetic materials.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.317-325
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• 2018

A satisfactory ending of the project is crucial for the students to achieve success experience. In this study, we analyze the teams' dismantling before the project deadline. We propose a team dissolution model based on the assumption that the disharmony caused by the members' personality traits is the main reason for the team break up. The Dark Triad and the Communion are introduced to build the model. We simulated the proposed model using an agent-based simulation and analyzed the results. We found that the ratio of owning DT impacts the maximum allowable size of the team and the team's rate of dissolution, but the team has been able to reduce the team's dissolution rate by increasing the team's harmony. We expect that we efficiently used the developed model with the agent-based simulation for the studies related to the dismantling of teams.