• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.247-255
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life (QoL) of parents/caregivers of children with cleft lip and/or palate before and after surgical repair of an orofacial cleft. Materials and Methods: Families of subjects who required either primary or secondary orofacial cleft repair who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited. A preoperative and postoperative health-related QoL questionnaire, the 'Impact on Family Scale' (IOFS), was applied in order to detect the subjectively perceived QoL in the affected family before and after surgical intervention. The mean pre- and postoperative total scores were compared using paired t-test. Pre- and postoperative mean scores were also compared across the 5 domains of the IOFS. Results: The proportion of families whose QoL was affected before surgery was 95.7%. The domains with the greatest impact preoperatively were the financial domain and social domains. Families having children with bilateral cleft lip showed QoL effects mostly in the social domain and 'impact on sibling' domain. Postoperatively, the mean total QoL score was significantly lower than the mean preoperative QoL score, indicating significant improvement in QoL (P<0.001). The mean postoperative QoL score was also significantly lower than the mean preoperative QoL score in all domains. Only 3.2% of the families reported affectation of their QoL after surgery. The domains of mastery (61.3%) with a mean of $7.4{\pm}1.8$ and finance (45.1%) with a mean score of $7.2{\pm}1.6$ were those showing the greatest postoperative impact. The proportion of families whose QoL was affected by orofacial cleft was markedly different after treatment (95.7% preoperative and 3.2% postoperative). Conclusion: Caring for children with orofacial clefts significantly reduces the QoL of parents/caregivers in all domains. However, surgical intervention significantly improves the QoL of the parents/caregivers of these children.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 2005

A 6year-old intact male hound cross dog, weighing 23 kg, was presented to the Teaching Animal Hospital, Chonbuk National University with the history of gunshot wound at the left elbow joint. Survey radiographs of the affected elbow revealed the presence of a metallic bullet caudal to the olecranon processes and comminuted fracture of the proximal radius and ulna. The first treatment strategy included removal of the bullet and fixation of the radius and ulna using separate bone plates, bone screw, K-wire and surgical wire, was failed. The second treatment strategy included olecranon osteotomy and rigid immobilization of the elbow joint with a bone plate applied to the caudal aspect of the humerus and ulna along with autogenous bone grafts collected from the 13th rib. The optimal angle of the joint following arthrodesis of this case appeared to be 130°. This resulted in improving the case but after 60 weeks the plate was bent and there was exudation from the wound. The third treatment strategy was the same with the second except for that the bone autografts were collected from the proximal metaphyses of the ipsilateral humerus. This resulted in a successful arthrodesis 6 weeks after the surgery. Elbow arthrodesis with bone autograft resulted in acceptable function, but abnormal gait remained in the dog due to mechanical interference with the movement of the joint.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.20-22
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• 2004

Bacterial infection of canine atopic dermatitis is largely caused by Staphylococcus intermedius and may be a superficial or deep pyoderma. The Purpose of this study was to identify the major proteins of S. intermedius cell surface components in humoral immune response of atopic dermatitis dog. Sera samples were obtained from dogs with atopic dermatitis and superficial pyoderma referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Konkuk University. An isolate of S. intermedius from a clinical case of canine atopic dermatitis was cultured in brain heart infusion broth overnight at $37^{\circ}C$ in aerobic conditions on an orbital shaker. Following culture, Staphylococci were harvested by centrifugation, washed in PBS, and resuspended in PBS containing lysostaphin. The soluble components were separated by centrifugation and were collected. The soluble extract of S. intermedius was separated by sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The proteins were electrophoretically transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane. Western blotting for the specificity of serum IgG antistaphylococcal antibody was performed with anti-dog-IgG and sera obtained from an atopic dermatitis case and a normal dog. The molecular masses of four major proteins of S. intermedius recognized by serum obtained from an atopic dermatitis case were 18, 31, 75, and 110 kDa as determined by Western blot analysis. The present study indicates that most dogs of S. intermedius infection with atopic dermatitis could have a significant humoral immune response to bacterial proteins of the causative organism.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2006

Four dogs with neurologic dysfunction resulted from intracranial hemorrhage by head trauma were referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Chungnam National University. There were no remarkable findings in survey radiography in four cases. CT and MRI scans were diagnostic in these cases. Three dogs underwent CT scanning. On CT images, the lesion was hyperdense and was not enhanced after intravenous contrast administration in dog 1 and dog 2. On CT of dog 4, there was no significant finding. All of four dogs were verified by dorsal, sagittal, and transverse T1-weighted (T1W) and T2-weighted (T2W) images. Appearance of the lesions in dog 1 and dog 2 was isointense (dog 2) or isointense with hyperintense rim (dog 1) on T1W images and hyperintense on T2W images. In dog 3 and dog 4, there were hypointense and hyperintense lesions on T1Wand T2W images respectively. The lesions in four dogs were located in the left intracerebral region, intracerebral and cerebellovestibular region, subdural space, and right cerebral hemisphere, respectively.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.235-238
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of canine ophthalmic diseases in Seoul, Korea using data for new canine patients examined from January 2009 through December 2013 at an ophthalmic referral center (WooSung Animal Medical Center, Seoul). The study included 1253 dogs with an average age of 7.93 years (SD, 4.06). Shih Tzu (29.4%) was the most common breed, followed by Maltese, Yorkshire Terrier, Cocker Spaniel, and toy Poodle (P < 0.01). Lens diseases (28.3%) were the most common, followed by eyelid, corneal, retinal, and glaucomatous diseases (P < 0.01). Lens, eyelid, retinal, nasolacrimal, uveal, vitreous, and neuro-ophthalmic diseases more frequently showed a bilateral occurrence (P < 0.01) than a unilateral occurrence. In the Shih Tzu breed, corneal disease was the most frequent, followed by lens, eyelid, retinal, and glaucomatous diseases. The most frequent diseases in the Maltese breed were lens, eyelid, retinal, and corneal diseases. In the Yorkshire Terrier, Cocker Spaniel, and toy Poodle breeds, lens disease was the most common (P < 0.01). The most frequent ophthalmic patients belonged to small breeds such as Shih Tzu, Maltese, and Yorkshire Terrier. Moreover, the most common ophthalmic diseases were not traumatic diseases, but breed-inherited diseases such as lens diseases.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 2012

To determine the prevalence of the primary glaucoma (PG) and occurrence of primary glaucoma in initially non-affected normal eye. Medical records of 7751 dogs presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (VMTH) of Seoul National University (SNU) between January 2006 and December 2009 were examined. Among 7751 dogs, forty three dogs (0.55%) developed PG. The following breeds were included in the study: 18 American Cocker Spaniels, 17 Shih Tzus, 3 Mixed Breeds, 2 Malteses, 2 Pekingeses, and 1 Chow Chow. The mean onset age of PG in the first eyes was $7.1{\pm}2.3$ years in the all breeds. Compared with Mixed Breed (0.54%), American Cocker Spaniel (3.16%, p = 0.004) and Chow Chow (20%, p = 0.001) had a higher risk of developing glaucoma. Twenty six of 43 dogs (60.1%) were females with male-to-female ratio of 1:1.53. Twenty nine of 33 eyes (87.9%) developed glaucoma in the fellow eye within mean ${\pm}SD$ time of $17.5{\pm}2.7$ months. From this study, American Cocker Spaniel and Shih Tzu were the most frequent PG breed in Korea. Also, unilateral PG dogs developed glaucoma in the non-affected normal eye within approximately 17 months. The results indicate that prophylactic medical therapy with antiglaucoma agents should be considered to delay or prevent developing glaucoma in non-affected normal eye.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.96-104
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• 2014

Purpose: Nurse educators can use film effectively to promote nursing students' motivation and indirect experiences. The purpose of this study was to develop a teaching-learning design using films based on Kolb's experiential learning model for understanding of child growth and development, and to evaluate students' satisfaction with cinenurducation according to learning type and content. Methods: Participants were seventy-four first year nursing students in the spring semester of 2013 at a private university located in Busan. In each class, participants watched film, participated in peer-to-group discussion and an educator's lecture, and wrote a composition based on Kolb's four learning stages. After class, participants filled out a questionnaire developed by the researchers. Results: Results showed a high satisfaction with cinenurducation regardless of learning type and content concerning child growth and development. Advantages of cinenurducation included it being "fun and interesting," "helpful to understand the characteristics of children," and "develop critical thinking through discussions." Disadvantages included "length of time needed," and "burdensome." Conclusion: Films are advantageous in that they provide indirect experience for nursing students. Selection of appropriate films and evaluation of learning goal achievements are important to maximize the effectiveness of cinenurducation.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.333-348
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• 2001

The study was intended to investigate the degree of satisfaction and experiences of maternity nursing practice and to examine the relationships between satisfaction and experiences. Data were collected from a college located in Inchon from April 2, 2001 to October 30, 2001. A general characteristics questionnaires, questionnaire for clinical practice satisfaction and maternity nursing clinical checklist were used to measure the satisfaction and experiences of maternity nursing practice. The subject were supposed to record their clinical experience in maternity clinical practice checklist. 153 questionnaires for satisfaction of clinical practice and 178 maternity nursing clinical practice checklists used for analysis. The data were analyzed by SPSS-PC+ program. The results of this study were as follows ; 1) The mean score of satisfaction of clinical practice was 3.34(a perfect score 5) and among the 4 categorial components from the questionnaire of satisfaction the score of 'clinical practice teaching' was high(3.85) and 'clinical practice environment(2.91)' and 'clinical practice contents(2.90)' was relatively low. 2) There was significant value between place of clinical practice and clinical practice satisfaction among 7 clinical practice hospital and the most high score of clinical practice satisfaction is 3.70 and the low score is 2.91(F=7.706, p<.001). The score of delivery room was significantly higher than the OBGY room and there was significant value among the place of clinical practice(DR : F= 6.441, p<.001, OBGY room : F=7.908, p<.001). 3) In delivery room, the frequency of observation are 2.61 day, the frequency of practice are 1.33 day and in OBGY room the frequency of observation are 1.73 day, the frequency of practice are 1.31 day for 2 week of maternity clinical practice and the most frequent practice of maternity nursing care was checking vital sign. 4) There were significant relationships between the ranking score of clinical satisfaction and clinical experiences in maternity nursing practice. Based on the results, it is suggested that the satisfaction of clinical practice was related to environment of clinical practice and it is necessary to improve environment of clinical practice and make a strategies to enhance the quality of maternity clinical experience.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2018

Purpose: On November 15, 2012, sales of OTC (Over-The-Counter) drugs began at convenience stores, which changed the accessibility of some drugs. As a result, the exposure and access patterns of these drugs could have changed. In this study, we reviewed the changes in the characteristics of drug poisoning patients because of the reposition of nonprescription drugs according to the revised Pharmaceutical Affairs Act. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate changes in characteristics of drug poisoning patients between 2008 and 2016. A registry was developed by an emergency medical center in a local tertiary teaching hospital, and patients who visited the center were enrolled in this registry. We compared two periods, from 2008 to 2012 (Pre OTC) and from 2013 to 2016 (Post OTC), for type of intoxicant, time from poisoning to visiting the emergency center, intention, psychiatric history, previous suicidal attempt, alcohol status, and emergency room outcomes. The primary outcome was the number of patients who took acetaminophen and NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Secondary outcomes were ICU admission rate, mortality rate, and number of patients who visited the ER when the pharmacy was closed after taking acetaminophen and NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Results: Among 1,564 patients, 945 and 619 patients visited the emergency room during pre and post OTC periods. The number of patients with acetaminophen and NSAIDs poisoning decreased from 9.2% to 6.1% (p=0.016). The ICU admission rate and mortality rate in the emergency room did not show significant results in the relevant patient groups, and so was the number of patients visiting ER when the pharmacy was closed taking acetaminophen and NSAIDs. Conclusion: Despite the sales of nonprescription drugs at convenience stores, the number of acetaminophen and NSAIDs poisoning patients decreased.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.311-317
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• 1986

On 11-year-old female mixed-breed dog with chief complaints of existence of abdominal enlargement and anorexia was referred to the veterynary teaching hospital of Chungnam National University. The dog was diagnosed into cholangiocarcinoma by the result of the histopathological observation. The results observed are summarized as follows: The clinical signs were abdominal enlargement, anorexia, dyspnea and depression. There were marked increase in serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT), lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN). Serum total protein and albumin were slightly below normal. In gross finding, the liver was enlarged and friable with numerous white, cauliflower-like nodules over the surface and composed on cysts from 3 to 4 cm in diameter. The cystic lesions contained a yellow gelatinous material. Anatomically, this neoplasm was classified as intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. Histologically, this neoplasm was combined tubular carcinoma with bile duct cystadenocarcinoma. The former were characterized by tubular structures lined by anaplastic cuboidal or columnar cells with diffuse fibrous stroma, and the latter by multiple cystic structures lined by simple and stratified cuboidal or columnar cells.