• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2023

Pu-erh tea, a popular and traditional Chinese tea, possesses various health-promoting effects, including inhibiting tumor cell progression and preventing type II diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. However, the precise anti-inflammatory mechanisms are not well understood. In present study, we elucidated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Pu-erh tea in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells. We explored the effects of Pu-erh tea on the levels of inflammatory-related genes, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, we investigated its regulatory effects on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF)-κB and hypoxia-inducible-factor (HIF)-1α activation. The findings of this study demonstrated that Pu-erh tea inhibited the LPS-increased inflammatory cytokines and PGE₂ release, as well as COX-2 and iNOS expression. Moreover, we confirmed that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Pu-erh tea occurs via the inhibition of NF-κB and HIF-1α activation. Conclusively, these findings provide experimental evidence that Pu-erh tea may be useful candidate in the treatment of inflammatory-related diseases.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2011

At present, lifestyle-related diseases are one of the most critical health issues worldwide. It has been reported that lipopolysaccharide derived from a Gram-negative bacteria (IP-PA1) symbiotic with wheat exhibited several advantageous biological effects, such as the reduction of plasma glucose levels in NOD mice and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in WHHL rabbits. In this study, the beneficial effects on plasma glucose and lipids of a tea (SI tea) consisting of IP-PA1 and Salacia (which contains an inhibitor of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase) were investigated in the KK-Ay/TaJcl type 2 diabetic model mice and in human subjects with premetabolic syndrome in a double-blind, randomized study. S1 tea significantly decreased plasma glucose levels in KK-Ay/TaJcl mice. A clinical trial of SI tea was performed with 41 subjects between the ages of 40 and 69, who belonged either to a high plasma glucose group (HG: FPG 100-125 mg/dl) or to a hyperlipidemia group (HL: TG ${\geq}$ 150 mg/dl, or LDL ${\geq}$ 120 mg/dl, or HDL <40 mg/dl). These subjects ingested either Salacia without IP-PA1 (the control) or SI tea. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, and 60 days after initiating SI tea treatment, and were measured for FPG, HbA1c, TG, LDL, and HDL. These results showed that SI tea reduced FPG and HbA1c more rapidly than the control in the HL group, and also significantly improved LDL and HDL levels in the HG group. Thus, SI tea may be helpful in preventing lifestyle-related diseases.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.280-284
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 다양한 온도조건에서 발효한 퇴비차의 항진균 효능에 관한 연구내용을 제시하였다. 최근에 많은 농가에서 일반 대중의 친환경 농산물에 대한 선호에 부응하고 식물병 예방을 위하여 퇴비차를 선택하고 있다. 퇴비차에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되었으나 아직 퇴비차에 대한 이해가 부족하고 퇴비차가 발효되는 동안 온도가 항진균 효과에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 없었다. 본 연구에서는 10, 20, 30, $40^{\circ}C$에서 발효한 퇴비차의 항진균 활동이 본 연구에서 선정한 10종의 병원성 미생물에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 결과에 따르면 20에서 $30^{\circ}C$에서 발효한 퇴비차의 항진균 활동이 가장 강한 것으로 나타났으며 $10^{\circ}C$에서 발효한 퇴비차가 가장 약한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 발효온도가 항진균 활동에 미치는 변화는 퇴비차의 미생물이 항진균 활동에 강하게 개입하고 있음을 시사해주고 있다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.300-307
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• 2021

In this study, consumers' perception and consumption behavior of blended tea were investigated. Also, consumer perception of Siberian chrysanthemum, consumption behavior, and awareness of efficacy were investigated. As a result of the survey, it was confirmed that it was necessary to develop a blended tea with taste and flavor characteristics that consumers prefer, having the capability of relieving stress, and preventing cold or respiratory disease. In addition, the degree of recognition of Siberian chrysanthemum was very low, and the recognition of the efficacy appeared in the order of 'cold relief' and 'respiratory disease relief'. Factor analysis results, safety attributes, health attributes, product attributes, marketing attributes, and sensory attributes were factorized into five factors, and after analysis, it was concluded that the sensory attributes of taste and aftertaste were considered the most important. Consumers surveyed appeared to consume blended tea for 'relieving mood or stress relief', to enjoy the taste, and to prevent cold or respiratory diseases. Siberian chrysanthemum displays efficacy in cold relief and relief of respiratory diseases. Therefore, developing Siberian chrysanthemum as a blended tea could be a practical application that can expand the range of its use, making it more popular and increase its commercial applications.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2021

Songjeol-tea is a prescription that mixes alcohol with some ingredients and Songjeol[松節], and appears only in the King-Yeongjo era throughout 『Seungjeongwon Ilgi』. King Yeongjo recognized that the Songjeol-tea was an excellent prescription for the treatment of leg diseases, and took it in various ways thanks to the title of "tea" by his officials and doctors. There were many internal conflicts as King Yeongjo taking a prescription in the form of alcohol in a situation where an official who violated it was punished after issuing prohibition of drinking alcohol, and recognized the Songjeol-tea as alcohol. The officials and doctors of King Yeongjo's reign rationalized the King's actions by creating a justification for taking the Songjeol-tea to treat the disease because the king's body was related to the safety of the state.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of this study is to analyze the patent trend in Traditional Korean Tea. In this paper, we investigate the diversity of Korean Tea registered as patents focusing on the kinds of medicinal herbs used, processing methods, and types of tea. Methods : We collected patents data using KIPRIS, and WIPS database. We conducted Quantitative Analysis by year and main patentee, and Qualitative Analysis by patent's contents. Results : 313 patents are selected from 2001 to May 2017. The number of patents have been on the rise and reached 44 in 2014. Individuals have registered the most patents, followed by companies, Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, and local autonomous entities. Ginger, Omija and Cactus were used at high frequency among 109 tea containing one medicinal herb. Licorice and Jujube were frequently used among 204 tea containing more than two kinds of medicinal herbs. In classification of patent by efficacy, 'health promotion and function recovery' and 'treatment and prevention of diseases' are most frequently specified. 128 patents are presenting processing methods for medicinal herbs in the order of roasting, fermentation, and fumigation. Among 164 patents presenting tea types, liquid type accounts for more than half and there are 67 leached tea, and 32 powder tea. Conclusion : The analyses results showed that lots of new recipes, efficacy, processing methods and tea types are being studied and registered as patents. In order to help Traditional Korean Tea industry to develop, active patent registration and further study about up-to-date patent trend would be required.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.302-310
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• 2016

A study aimed at identifying putative drought responsive genes that confer tolerance to water stress deficit in tea plants was conducted in a 'rain-out shelter' using potted plants. Eighteen months old drought tolerant and susceptible tea cultivars were each separately exposed to water stress or control conditions of 18 or 34% soil moisture content, respectively, for three months. After the treatment period, leaves were harvested from each treatment for isolation of RNA and cDNA synthesis. The cDNA libraries were sequenced on Roche 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing platform to produce 232,853 reads. After quality control, the reads were assembled into 460 long transcripts (contigs). The annotated contigs showed similarity with proteins in the Arabidopsis thaliana proteome. Heat shock proteins (HSP70), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (cat), peroxidase (PoX), calmodulinelike protein (Cam7) and galactinol synthase (Gols4) droughtrelated genes were shown to be regulated differently in tea plants exposed to water stress. HSP70 and SOD were highly expressed in the drought tolerant cultivar relative to the susceptible cultivar under drought conditions. The genes and pathways identified suggest efficient regulation leading to active adaptation as a basal defense response against water stress deficit by tea. The knowledge generated can be further utilized to better understand molecular mechanisms underlying stress tolerance in tea.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1649-1654
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• 2016

Tea derived from the leaves and buds of Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) is consumed worldwide. Green tea contains various components with specific health-promoting effects, and is believed to exert protective effects against diseases including cancer, diabetes and hepatitis, as well as obesity. Of the various tea components, the polyphenol catechins have been the subject of extensive investigation and among the catechins, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate has the strongest bioactivity in most cases. Our research group has postulated that hepatocyte nuclear factor-$4{\alpha}$, sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ are targets of green tea constituents including (-)-epigallocatechin gallate for their anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, and anti-hepatitis effects, respectively. Published papers were reviewed to determine whether the observed changes in these factors can be correlated with anti-cancer effects of green tea. Two major action mechanisms of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate have been proposed; one associated with its anti-oxidative properties and the other with its pro-oxidative activity. When reactive oxygen species are assumed to be involved, our findings that (-)-epigallocatechin gallate downregulated hepatocyte nuclear factor-$4{\alpha}$, sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ may explain the anti-cancer effect of green tea as well. However, further studies are required to elucidate which determinant directs (-)-epigallocatechin gallate action as an anti-oxidant or a pro-oxidant for favorable activity.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2013

This study was undertaken to determine free radical scavenging capacity and oxidative DNA damage protecting activity of methanol extract of red tea stem. The extract was subjected to assess their antioxidant potential using various in vitro systems such as $DPPH^{\bullet}$, $ABTS^{{\bullet}+}$, super oxide and nitric oxide free radicals and it exhibited $IC_{50}$ values of $68.88{\pm}1.1$, $12.08{\pm}0.65$, $404.38{\pm}1.6$, $93.6{\pm}2.7{\mu}g/mL$ respectively. Red tea extract also showed ferric reducing ability (FRAP) with 2606.85 mmol Fe (II)/g of extract. Furthermore, Methanol extract of red tea stem showed significant DNA damage protecting activity in concentration dependent manner against $H_2O_2+UV$ induced photolysis on pUC19 plasmid DNA. Results of this study showed that the methanol extract of Red Tea stem has strong antioxidant potential along oxidative DNA damage protecting capacity that would be the significant sources of natural antioxidants, which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress generated diseases. Further study is necessary for isolation and characterization of the active antioxidants, which may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.81-92
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• 1998

The pharmaceutical effects of non-alcoholic berverages made made in Limwonsibyukgi were studied. The type of beverage in Limwonsibyukgi were Tang(boiled herb extract), Ta(tea analog with/ without green tea), Jang(lactic acid fermented beverage), Galsoo and Suksoo. Most receipes for these beverages included boiling leaves, seeds, grains of grasses, trees and cereal, and adding honey and sugar as a sweetener, Each beverage has a pharmaceutical action : thirst elimination, enhancement of physical activity, and treatment of several diseases.