• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2005

목 적 : 정위적 방사선수술 시 환자의 set up을 정확히 하며 정확한 종양의 위치를 찾아내어 확인하고 평가하는 것은 치료성적을 좌우하는데 매우 중요한 일이다. 특히 체부에 종양이 있는 환자의 경우 호흡 등에 의한 종양의 움직임으로 인하여 정확한 종양위치에 치료를 시행하는데는 많은 어려움이 따르는데 이러한 문제점들을 보완하기 위하여 본원에서 자체 제작한 고정용구를 이용하여 환자의 움직임을 최소화시키고 또한 환자의 호흡에 따른 CT 영상을 획득하였으며 이를 통하여 Image Guided Radiosurgery를 시행함으로써 방사선수술의 정확성을 높이고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원에서 자체 개발한 Body SRS용 Vacuum cushion (BSRS Vacuum cushion)을 이용하여 환자의 호흡에 따른 CT영상을 세 번에 걸쳐 획득한 후 (shallow, inhalation, exhalation) RTP computer상에서 이들을 fusion하며 Global GTV (PTVsim target)를 찾아내어 가장 적합한 수술계획을 수립한다. 수술 전 위와 같은 방법으로 Global GTV (PTVtx target)를 찾아내어 Posterior Pb ball을 기준으로 처음 수립된 수술계획의 PTVsim target에 PTVtx target을 조합시켜 비교함으로써 환자의 New PTVcenter를 찾아내고 수술을 시행한 후 EPID 영상을 획득하며 환자의 움직임 여부와 정확한 방사선수술이 시행되었는지 확인한다. 결 과 : 환자의 호흡에 따른 target volume의 위치는 Inhalation에서 cranio-caudal 방향으로 최대 10 mm까지 변화되었으며 체적은 Shallow respiration 일 때 $0.93cm^3$로 가장 크게 변화되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 수술 전후의 CT 영상을 통하여 New PTVcenter target volume의 위치에 따른 치료 정확성을 DVH로 분석한 결과 100% 전후의 치료 선량이 조사되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 결 론 : 체부의 SRS는 환자의 호흡에 따른 종양의 움직임 때문에 환자의 적용에는 회의적인 입장이었으나 고정기구 개발과 IGRT를 접목함으로써 보다 정확한 방사선수술을 시행할 수 있었고 이를 통하여 많은 BSRS에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2013

Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In advanced and metastatic gastric cancer, the conventional chemotherapy with limited efficacy shows an overall survival period of about 10 months. Patient specific and effective treatments known as personalized cancer therapy is of significant importance. Advances in high-throughput technologies such as microarray and next generation sequencing for genes, protein expression profiles and oncogenic signaling pathways have reinforced the discovery of treatment targets and personalized treatments. However, there are numerous challenges from cancer target discoveries to practical clinical benefits. Although there is a flood of biomarkers and target agents, only a minority of patients are tested and treated accordingly. Numerous molecular target agents have been under investigation for gastric cancer. Currently, targets for gastric cancer include the epidermal growth factor receptor family, mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor axis, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Deeper insights of molecular characteristics for gastric cancer has enabled the molecular classification of gastric cancer, the diagnosis of gastric cancer, the prediction of prognosis, the recognition of gastric cancer driver genes, and the discovery of potential therapeutic targets. Not only have we deeper insights for the molecular diversity of gastric cancer, but we have also prospected both affirmative potentials and hurdles to molecular diagnostics. New paradigm of transdisciplinary team science, which is composed of innovative explorations and clinical investigations of oncologists, geneticists, pathologists, biologists, and bio-informaticians, is mandatory to recognize personalized target therapy.

• 음성과학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.91-102
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• 1998

The present study attempted to modify the conventional Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) in three aspects: number of syllables of adjacent target utterances (ATU), melody patterns of ATU, and initial listening of melody and intoned speech with the eyes closed. The modified Melodic Intonation Therapy (MMIT) was applied to two severe Korean aphasics. The patients exhibited a severely nonfluent aphasia resulting from a left CVA(Cerebrovascular Accident). The purpose of the modification was to avoid perseveration and improve reflective listening skills. First, the treatment program avoided ATU with the same number of syllables. Second, four different patterns of melody were developed: rising type, falling type, V-type, and inverted V-type. One type of prosodic pattern was preceded and followed by another type of melody. These two variations were to decrease perseverative behaviors. Finally, the patients kept their eyes closed when the clinician played and hummed a target melody at the initial stage of the program in order to improve reflective listening skills. A single-subject alternating treatment design was used. The effects of MMIT were compared to the conventional MIT. Differing the number of syllables and the type of melodic patterns decreased perseverative behaviors and produced more correct names. The initial listening of the target melody with the patients' eyes closed seemed to increase their attentiveness and result in a more fluent production of target utterances. Probable reasons for the effectiveness of MMIT were discussed.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of muscle fatigue in elbow flexors on the sense of force reproduction. Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Maximum voluntary force (MVF) of elbow flexor muscles was measured by a digital tensiometer. Force errors were measured to test accuracy of the sense of force reproduction in elbow flexors. The subject was required to flex the elbow joint, to maintain and concentrate on about 20% of the MVF target force under visual feedback for 3 seconds. After a 5 second period rest, the subject was asked to duplicate the target force actively. Muscle fatigue was evoked with isometric contraction of the elbow flexors. Isometric contraction was continued until a 50% drop in MVF. The difference, in kilogram between the target force and the reproduced force was calculated for measuring force error. Force errors were compared between the non-fatigued condition and the fatigued condition by the paired t-test. Force errors were significantly increased in the fatigued condition compare to non-fatigued condition. This result suggests that the sense of force reproduction can be disturbed by localized muscle fatigue.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2018

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy has been widely spread out showing an excellent efficacy compared to traditional medicinal treatments, interventional procedures or surgeries for diseases of tendons and musculoskeletal system. Major performance tests of extracorporeal shockwave therapy consist of pressure, energy flux, concentration, and effective amount of energy on the focus area of shockwave according to IEC 61846. Shockwave should be irradiated accurately to the lesion area to improve the performance of extracorporeal shockwave therapy, which makes it necessary to add the relevant section, IEC 60601-2-36 (12.1.101. Precision of Target Markers and Target Locations). International standards of extracorporeal shockwave therapy have been prepared based on European and western people. Thus, we need to conduct many studies on Korean patients to improve the quality of extracorporeal shockwave therapy and to develop the medical industry. In addition, the performance evaluation of extracorporeal shockwave therapy which has been prepared according to international standards should be additionally modified and supplemented corresponding to the Korean circumstances.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1998

This study was designed 1) to quantitatively observe changes in static platform and 2) to observe balance performance using vision. Seventy-five subjects participated in the study. Subjects comprised 39 males and 36 females(mean ages=23.8 years) without neurologic and orthopaedic impairments. Static balance was measured with eyes open and closed. Subjects was required to move the cneter of balance curser in a counterclockwise for 30 sec. The effect for the COBx(-) suggests that subjects tended to maintain their weight slightly In the left. The time taken and the accuracy to move the center of balance from target to target was 14 sec, $49.47\%$. The body sway upon reaching the target was 7.3 AP sway and 11.88 LR sway distance. In this study, the data developed could be appropriate to use for sine comparisons when balance training patients with neurologic or orthopaedic impairments.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2018

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. Although the long-term outcome of patients with metastatic CRC is still poor, target therapy including anti EGFR agents and anti VEGF agents and immunotherapy including anti PD-1 antibody and anti CTLA-4 antibody have shown clinical benefits in the treatment of patient with metastatic CRC. In the future, the personalized treatment strategy based on the clinical characteristics and biologic features of patients with metastatic CRC will be necessary. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms and clinical evidences of target therapy and immunotherapy, and the guideline of clinical practice in patients with metastatic CRC.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 1999

The purpose of this study Was to describe balance performance of 10 normal children and 10 adults using tilt board under three tasks 1) eyes open with gazing stationary target, 2)eyes dosed, and 3) eyes open with gazing dynamic target. The results were as follows. 1. As increasing the number of trials, balance performance was inclosed, specially, in children group. 2. In children group, there was significant difference between right side and left side in task 2 and task 3.3. In both group. there was significant difference between task2 and task3. 4. There was no difference between adults group and children group.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.53-61
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• 1999

Radiation therapy has been used for the cancer treatment and radiation synovectomy$\^$1-3)/. There are two kinds of radiation therapy; the external radiation therapy and the internal radiation therapy. Hitherto, the external radiation therapy has been widely used, but for the lack of its selectivity it requires strong radiation dose and causes the irritation and damage of the normal tissue or organ. Therefore many researchers give their interests to the internal radiation therapy in which the radioactive materials are injected directly into the target organ or tissue. Many ${\beta}$-emitting radionuclides have been studied for the application of the internal radiation theraily. Among them, Holmium-166 has the many beneficial physical characteristics for the internal radiation therapy such as appropriate half life (26.8hr), high ${\beta}$ energy (max. 1.85 MeV(51%), 1.77 MeV (48%), mean 0.67MeV), and low ${\gamma}$ energy (0.081MeV) easily detected by ${\gamma}$-camera. In the internal radiation therapy, the administered radioactive materials should be retained in the target long enough to increase the therapeutic effects and avoid the damage in the normal tissue or organ. For this purpose, radionuclides are used as complex form with carriers. Carriers should have a high affinity with radionuclides in vivo and in vitro, so the complex can be evenly distributed in the lesion but can not be leaked out from the lesion.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.379-394
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• 2023

Targeted Alpha Therapy (TAT) is a new method of cancer treatment that protects normal tissues while selectively killing tumor cells using high cytotoxicity and short range of alpha particles, and target alpha therapy is a highly specific and effective cancer treatment strategy, and its potential has been proven through many clinical and experimental studies. This treatment method accurately delivers alpha particles by selecting specific molecules present in cancer tissue, which has an effective destruction and tumor suppression effect on cancer cells, and one of the main advantages of target alpha treatment is the physical properties of alpha particles. Alpha particles have a very high energy and short effective distance, interacting with target molecules in cancer tissues and having a fatal effect on cancer cells, which is known to cause DNA damage and cell death in cancer cells. TAT has shown positive results in preclinical and clinical studies for various types of cancers, especially those that resist or are unresponsive to existing treatments, but there are several challenges and limitations to overcome for successful clinical transition and application. These include the provision and production of suitable alpha radioisotopes, optimization of target vectors and delivery formulations, understanding and regulation of radiological effects, accurate dosage calculation and toxicity assessment. Future research should focus on developing new or improved isotopes, target vectors, transfer formulations, radiobiological models, combination strategies, imaging techniques, etc. for TAT. In addition, TAT has the potential to improve the quality of life and survival of cancer patients due to the possibility of a new treatment for overcoming cancer, and to this end, prospective research on more carcinomas and more diverse patient groups is needed.