• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.453-463
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• 2014

Objective:The purpose of this study is to identify motion patterns for cellular phone and propose a method to identify motion patterns using a motion capture system. Background: In a smart device, the introduction of tangible interaction that can provide new experience to user plays an important role for improving user's emotional satisfaction. Firstly, user's motion patterns have to be identified to provide an interaction type using user's gesture or motion. Method: In this study, a method to identify motion patterns using a motion capture system and user's motion patterns for using cellular phone was studied. Twenty-two subjects participated in this study. User's motion patterns were identified through motion analysis. Results: Typical motion patterns for shaking, shaking left and right, shaking up and down, and turning for using cellular phone were identified. Velocity and acceleration for each typical motion pattern were identified, too. Conclusion: A motion capture system could be effectively used to identify user's motion patterns for using cellular phone. Application: Typical motion patterns can be used to develop a tangible user interface for handheld device such as smart phone and a method to identify motion patterns using motion analysis can be applied in motion patterns identification of smart device.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.9-16
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• 2008

The design and implementation of the interaction for tangible user interfaces require in-depth knowledge in many different disciplines, such as device control, sensing and calibrating devices, interaction design, low-level programming, and performance tuning. Many trial and error iterations are needed to determine the proper combination of the interaction techniques while using available interaction devices and considering the characteristics of contents. As a result, it takes too much effort and time to achieve maximum usability. This paper introduces a tangible user-interface platform, which is fabricated using various hardware devices and an XML-based authoring tool, which is developed in order to relieve content creators of the burden of the above difficulties. Finally, we demonstrate our work by illustrating some example contents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1053-1056
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• 2004

Research in Human Computer Interface (HCI) is towards development of an application environment able to deal with interactions of both human and computers that can be more intuitive and efficient. This can be achieved by bridging the gap between the synthetic virtual environment and the natural physical environment. Thus a project called Tangible Space Initiative (TSI) has been launched by KIST. TSI is subdivided into Tangible Interface (TI) which controls 3D cyber space with user's perspective, Responsive Cyber Space (RCS) which creates and controls the virtual environment and Tangible Agent (TA) which senses and acts upon the physical interface environment on behalf of any components of TSI or the user. This paper is a brief introduction to a new generation of Human Computer Interface that bring user to a new era of interaction with computers in the future.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.289-297
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• 2014

Although big-sized markers are good for accurate marker recognition and tracking, they are easily occluded by other objects and deteriorate natural visualization and level of immersion during user interaction in AR environments. In this paper, we propose an approach to exploiting the use of rectangular markers to support tangible AR interaction based on fingertip touch using small-sized markers. It basically adjusts the length, width, and interior area of rectangular markers to make them more suitably fit to longish objects like fingers. It also utilizes convex polygons to resolve the partial occlusion of a marker and properly enlarges the pattern area of a marker while adjusting its size without deteriorating the quality of marker detection. We obtained encouraging results from users that the approach can provide better natural visualization and higher level of immersion, and be accurate and tangible enough to support a pseudo feeling of touching virtual products with human hands or fingertips during design evaluation of digital handheld products.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.374-383
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• 2013

Various interaction techniques have been studied for providing the feeling of touch and improve immersion in augmented reality (AR) environments. Tangible AR interaction exploiting two types (product-type and pointer-type) of simple objects has earned great interest for cost-effective design evaluation of digital handheld products. When the sizes of markers attached to the objects are kept big to obtain better marker recognition, the pointer-type object frequently and significantly occludes the product-type object, which deteriorates natural visualization and level of immersion in an AR environment. In this paper, in order to overcome such problems, we propose tangible AR interaction using fingertip touch combined with small-sized markers. The proposed approach facilitates the use of convex polygons to recover the boundaries of AR markers which are partially occluded. It also properly enlarges the pattern area of each AR marker to reduce the sizes of AR markers without sacrificing the quality of marker detection. We empirically verified the quality of the proposed approach, and applied it in the process of design evaluation of digital products. From experimental results, we found that the approach is comparably accurate enough to be applied to the design evaluation process and tangible enough to provide a pseudo feeling of manipulating virtual products with human hands.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.155-164
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• 2008

Kiosk is an unmanned information system arranged in public places or commercial spaces so that a user may utilize information conveniently. Unlike a personal computer, it targets varied users' brackets, so we have to consider a user's characteristic in designing Kiosk Interface. However, in reality, the Kiosks of public places like subway stations are of Interface Design without considering users and become almost useless with serviceability falling. In this study, we attempt to point out such problems and suggest the concept as to the Interface Design in the public places for a more positive promotion method. For this purpose, we are about to look into the concept of Tangible Interaction and Interspace and the recreation experienced in the process of interaction between a human and a computer and study the sportive Kiosk Interface Design in the Interspace using the principle of the Tangible Interaction. For the conceptual Model in this study, we referred to ARTCOM(ART+COM) Project.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.3 s.71
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• pp.119-128
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• 2007

With the development of digital technologies, CAID became an essential part in the industrial design process. Creating photo-realistic images from a virtual scene with 3D models is one of the specialized task for CAID users. This task requires a complex interface of setting the positions and the parameters of camera and lights for optimal rendering results. However, the user interface of existing CAID tools are not simple for designers because the task is mostly accomplished in a parameter setting dialogue window. This research address this interface issues, in particular the issues related to lighting, by developing and evaluating TLS(Tangible Lighting Studio) that uses Augmented Reality and Tangible User Interface. The interface of positioning objects and setting parameters become tangible and distributed in the workspace to support more intuitive rendering task. TLS consists of markers, and physical controller, and a see-through HMD(Head Mounted Display). The user can directly control the lighting parameters in the AR workspace. In the evaluation experiment, TLS provide higher effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction compared to existing GUI(Graphic User Interface) method. It is expected that the application of TLS can be expanded to photography education and architecture simulation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.341-348
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• 2020

This study is a basic research towards diffusion of discourse regarding TUI-based experience exhibition. In that purpose this study tries to find out the development type of children's experience exhibition using TUI by analyzing children's experience exhibition phenomena that are changing in digital environment. For the sake of this research, cases of experience exhibitions were analyzed and characteristics were derived based on TUI(Tangible User Interface) and on the types of tangibles. As results of this study, TUI elements were found in the order of interactive planes, connection of bits and atoms, and environmental media and Tangibles were ranked in the order of stuff, planes, devices, and space types. This fact shows that TUI is actively used in experience exhibitions where children's active participation and extended experience is necessary.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.649-659
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• 2022

The most important factor in pre-school children's psychological perception is ease of learning, and the closest measure is "natural" interaction. This study aims to explore the potential of tangible user interfaces (TUI) for AR collaboration for children's cognitive development. The conceptual model is constructed by analyzing physical interaction, spatial perception and social collaboration on the usability of TUI, to explore the role of TUI in pre-school children's cognition. In the empirical study, children aged 3-6 were taken as research objects. The experimental tool is "Plugo" education application. Parents answered questionnaires after observing their children's use. Research shows that physical interaction are the most critical factor in TUI. TUI is beneficial to the cultivation of spatial ability. The results are as follows: 1. Cronbach's Alpha and KMO were 0.921 and 0.965, which were significant and passed the reliability and validity test. 2. Through confirmatory factor analysis (model fit index, combinatorial validity), we found that physical interaction were closely related to usability. 3. The path analysis of the relationship proves that usability has a significant impact on the cultivation of pre-school children's spatial ability.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.199-228
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• 2018

The main purposes of this study were (a) to analyze the research trend of educational use of tangible technology, (b) to identify tangible learning mechanisms, and potential benefits of learning with tangible technology, and (c) to provide references and future research directions. We conducted a systematic literature review to search for academic papers published in recent five years (from 2013 to 2017) in the major databases. Forty papers were coded and analyzed by the established coding framework in four dimensions: (a) basic publication information, (b) learning context, (c) learning mechanism, and (d) learning benefits. Overall, the results show that tangible technology has been used more for young learners in the kindergarten and primary school contexts mainly for science learning, to achieve both cognitive and affective learning outcomes, by coupling tangible objects with tabletops and desktop computers. From the synthesis of the review findings, this study suggests that the affordances of tangible technology useful for learning include embodied interaction, physical manipulations, and the physical-digital representational mapping. With such technical affordances, tangible technologies have the great potential in three particular areas in education: (a) learning spatial relationships, (b) making the invisible visible, and (c) reinforcing abstract concepts through the correspondence of representations. In conclusion, we suggest some areas for future research endeavors.