• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

Objective : This study was carried out to investigate the acute toxicity and safety of Insampaedok-san extract in ICR Mice. Methods : SPF ICR male and female mice were administered orally with Insampaedok-san extract of 0 (control group), 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg. After single administration, we daily examined number of deaths, clinical signs, gross findings and changes of body weight for 14 days. Hematological parameters and isolated organ weights were determined after 14 days of administration. Results : No dead animal and no significant changes of body weights were found during experimental period. In addition, no differences were found between control and all of treated groups in clinical signs, organ weights and hematology, and other findings. Conclusions : Insampaedok-san extract did not show any toxic effects and oral LD50 values of the extracts was over 5000 mg/kg in ICR mice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.165-174
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to develop the model for analyzing the hydraulic behavior of off-stream reservoir whose purpose is to reduce a peak flood. When a flood occurs in river, off-stream reservoir has a capability of sharing a part of peak flood. It is accomplished by flowing over a off-line weir that is built by lowering a portion of bank and connecting river with off-line reservoir. Since flood control depends on river elevation, characteristics of off-line weir (elevation, length, position et al.) and reservoir capacities, an integrated model linking the one dimensional unsteady river flow model, off-line weir model and two dimensional unsteady flood model is developed to analyze the behavior of off-stream reservoir and off-line weir. The results show that a flood control capability of off-stream reservoir strongly depends on facilities of off-line weir and storage capacity of offstream reservoir.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.376-384
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• 2021

Agaricus bisporus is a popular edible mushroom that is cultivated worldwide. Due to its secondary homothallic nature, cultivated A. bisporus strains have low genetic diversity, and breeding novel strains is challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of globally collected A. bisporus strains using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Agaricus bisporus strains were divided based on genetic distance-based groups and model-based subpopulations. The major allele frequency (MAF), number of genotypes (NG), number of alleles (NA), observed heterozygosity (HO), expected heterozygosity (HE), and polymorphic information content (PIC) were calculated, and genetic distance, population structure, genetic differentiation, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were assessed. Strains were divided into two groups by distance-based analysis and into three subpopulations by model-based analysis. Strains in subpopulations POP A and POP B were included in Group I, and strains in subpopulation POP C were included in Group II. Genetic differentiation between strains was 99%. Marker AB-gSSR-1057 in Group II and subpopulation POP C was confirmed to be in HWE. These results will enhance A. bisporus breeding programs and support the protection of genetic resources.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2021

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the Intraocular pressure (IOP) and retina neuroprotective effect of Acer palmatum thumb. extract in glaucoma of DBA2/J mice vivo model. Methods : The amount of change in intraocular pressure(IOP) was measured every two weeks for 30 weeks in the DBA2/J glaucoma animal model. The increased IOP were regrouping into drug treatment groups. EW and EE (1, 2 mg/㎖)extract was eye drop administered twice per day for 8 weeks. After administration of the extract, IOP was measured every 1 week at a fixed time for 8 weeks, and protein expression levels and serological changes related to retinal function were investigated. Results : The DBA2/J mice were IOP increased as time dependent, resulting in damage to the retinal function protein related in glaucoma animal model. However, administration of extracts from Leaves of Acer palmatum thumb. prevented an increase IOP, increased for Brn3α, PKCα, and OPN1SW. Additionally, the experssion of Aterocyte maker, GFAP was decreased in DBA2/J mice. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that both IOP and age can be considered in studies using DBA2/J mice and suggest that the extracts from Leaves of Acer palmatum thumb. regulating of IOP and expression of proteins related to retinal function.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2021

Ni-Cr-Al metal-foam-supported catalysts for steam methane reforming (SMR) are manufactured by applying a catalytic Ni/Al₂O₃ sol-gel coating to powder alloyed metallic foam. The structure, microstructure, mechanical stability, and hydrogen yield efficiency of the obtained catalysts are evaluated. The structural and microstructural characteristics show that the catalyst is well coated on the open-pore Ni-Cr-Al foam without cracks or spallation. The measured compressive yield strengths are 2-3 MPa at room temperature and 1.5-2.2 MPa at 750℃ regardless of sample size. The specimens exhibit a weight loss of up to 9-10% at elevated temperature owing to the spallation of the Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst. However, the metal-foam-supported catalyst appears to have higher mechanical stability than ceramic pellet catalysts. In SMR simulations tests, a methane conversion ratio of up to 96% is obtained with a high hydrogen yield efficiency of 82%.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.355-363
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• 2021

Heat resistance performance evaluation and thermal analysis were performed to confirm the applicability of the lyocell-based carbon/phenolic composite material for heat-resistant parts for aerospace. Heat resistance performance evaluation of carbon/phenolic was conducted by Thermal Protection Evaluation Motor (TPEM). In this paper, boundary layer integration code considering the boundary layer analysis of combustion gas and MSC-Marc 2018 considering ablation and thermal pyrolysis were used for the thermal analysis. The ablation and thermal insulation performance were analyzed by the pressure curve of test motor and the cut carbon/phenolic specimens. The thermal response of the lyocell-based carbon/phenolic material was similar to that of the rayon-based carbon/phenolic material. Based on the results through the combustion test, the applicability of heat-resistant parts for aerospace to which domestic lyocell-based carbon fibers were applied was confirmed.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2012

Recently, SPECT/CT system has been applied to many diseases, however, the application is not extensively applied at pulmonary disease. Especially, in case that, the pulmonary embolisms suspect at the CT images, SPECT is performed. For the accurate diagnosis, SPECT/CT tests are subsequently undergoing.However, without SPECT/CT, there are some limitations to apply these procedures. With SPECT/CT, although, most of the examination performed after CT. Moreover, such a test procedures generate unnecessary dual irradiation problem to the patient. In this study, we evaluated the amount of unnecessary irradiation, and the usefulness of fusion images of pulmonary disease, which independently acquired from SPECT and CT. Using NEMA PhantomTM (NU2-2001), SPECT and CT scan were performed for fusion images. From June 2011 to September 2010, 10 patients who didn't have other personal history, except lung disease were selected (male: 7, female: 3, mean age: $65.3{\pm}12.7$). In both clinical patient and phantom data, the fusion images scored higher than SPECT and CT images. The fusion images, which is combined with pulmonary vessel images from CT and functional images from SPECT, can increase the detection possibility in detecting pulmonary embolism in the resin of lung parenchyma. It is sure that performing SPECT and CT in integral SPECT/CT system were better. However, we believe this protocol can give more informative data to have more accurate diagnosis in the hospital without integral SPECT/CT system.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate morphological characteristics of veiled lady mushroom (Dictyophora sp.). Morphological observation of mycelium showed the presence of chlamydospore-like swelling cells, and typical mycelial champ connections. Fruiting body of the veiled lady mushroom consists of cap, velum, stipe, and vulva. Oval-shaped eggs were surrounded by exodermis, gelatin layers and endodermis, and the fruiting bodies remained inside volva as liquid gelatin layer. Dark green spore layer was formed at the top of cap. The surface eggs in the cultivated veiled lady mushroom was covered with white needle-shaped mycelial projection that was oval in shape. The velum of fruiting body stretched down to the top of volva. The net was regularly shaped, and smelled like fragrance with chestnut flower. The strain KACC 50650 was identified as Dictyophora echinovolvata based on the morphology of eggs and fruiting bodies, and named as Huin-Dol-Gi-Mang-Tae mushroom in Korean.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.437-445
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for sulfonamide antibiotics (sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfathiazole) and their metabolites ($N^4$-acetylsulfadiazine, $N^4$-acetylsulfamerazine, $N^4$-acetylsulfamethazine, $N^4$-acetylsulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole-$N^1$-glucuronide) in environmental samples. The solid phase extraction (SPE) with LC/ESI-MS/MS have been used for the analysis of target compounds, and the recoveries of SPE clean-up were at the range of 12-94% for C18 cartridge, 60-95% for HLB cartridge, 25-123% for MCX cartridge, and 70-90% for tandem HLB/MCX. By established method, detection limit, recovery, and relative standard deviation were 0.001~0.187 ng/mL, 66~115%, and 5~17%, respectively. This method was effective and sensitive to use for the simultaneous determination of sulfonamide antibiotics and their metabolites in environmental samples. Four sulfonamide antibiotics were detected at the range of 0.008~2.153 ng/mL. For metabolites, only $N^4$-acetylsulfamethoxazole was detected, but the concentration was under the MDL level.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.876-882
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• 2016

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Corni fructus extracts (CEF, EtOAc extraction; CBF, buthanol extraction; CWF, water extraction) were investigated. The total phenolics of CEF (173.3 mg TAE/g) were significantly higher than those of CWF (26.7 mg TAE/g) and CBF (94.8 mg TAE/g). DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity of CEF (DPPH: $RH_{50}$; $25.1{\mu}g/mL$, ABTS: $RC_{50}$; $36.1{\mu}g/mL$) showed even higher than that of BHA and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ used as positive control. All three Corni fructus extracts in the concentration of $1{\sim}100{\mu}g/mL$ were effective inhibitors of NO and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$). NO production was inhibited 71.3~92.2% by CEF, 76.8~85.5% by CBF and 74.4~96.9% by CWF, respectively. CEF, CBF and CWF ($1{\sim}100{\mu}g/mL$) inhibited also pro-inflammatory cytokines like $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6 very effectively. $TNF-{\alpha}$ was inhibited up to 51.2% by CWF and $IL-1{\beta}$ was inhibited up to 67.1% by CEF. IL-6 was best inhibited by CEF up to 58.9%. This study suggested the potential of Corni fructus for use as an excellent antioxidant substance and inflammatory inhibiting mediators. Therefore CEF, CBF and CWF Corni fructus extracts may be used for therapeutic approach to various inflammatory diseases.