• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.64-70
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• 2003

A new method using a transfer function is introduced in the present paper for analyzing the motion errors of hydrostatic bearing tables. The relationship between film reaction force in a single-side hydrostatic pad and the form error of guide rail is derived at various spatial frequencies by finite element analysis, and it is expressed as a transfer function. This transfer function clarifies so called 'the averaging effect of an oil film' quantitively. It is found that the amplitude of film force is reduced as the spatial frequency increases or the relative width of the pocket is reduced. The motion errors of a multi pad type table are estimated using a transfer function, the form errors of a guide rail and the geometric relationship between the pads. The method is named as the Transfer Function Method (TFM). The motion errors calculated by the TFM show good agreement with the motion errors calculated by the Multi Pad Method considering the entire table as an analysis object. From the results, it is confirmed that the proposed TFM is very effective to analyze the motion errors of hydrostatic tables.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2003

A new method using a transfer function was proposed in the previous paper for analyzing motion errors of hydrostatic tables. The calculated motion errors by the new method, named as the transfer (unction method (TFM), were compared with the results by the conventional multi pad method, and the validity of the proposed method was theoretically verified. In this paper, the relationship between rail form error and motion errors of a hydrostatic table is examined theoretically in order to comprehand so-called 'the averaging effect of an oil film', and the characteristics of the motion errors in a hydrostatic table is tested. The tested hydrostatic table has three single-side pads in the vertical direction and three pairs of double-sides pads in the horizontal direction. The motion errors are tested for three rails which have different form errors. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical results calculated by the TFM, and both results show good agreement. From the results, it is shown that the TFM is very effective to analyze the motion errors of hydrostatic tables.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.88-91
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• 2004

New Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) forthe United States and Canada have recently been set for both macronutrients and micronutrients, and are likely to be of interest to health professionals in Korea as well. DRIs are now available for nutrients that did not have Recommended Dietary Allowances set in the past (amino acids, n-3 and n-6 fatty acids, total fiber, added sugar, choline, boron, nickel, and vanadium). Furthermore, the units for the DRIs do not always match those traditionally carried on food composition tables (FCTs). FCT developers will also need to consider carrying new variables to allow the calculation of folate intake in $\mu$g of dietary folate equivalents, vitamin E intake as mg of a-tocopherol (not as mg of a-tocopherol equivalents), and vitamin A intake as $\mu$g of retinol activity equivalents (not as $\mu$g of retinol equivalents). Because the new recommendations for upper levels of intake sometimes refer to a specific form or source of a nutrient, nutrients occurring in foods must be separated from added or supplemental forms for vitamin E, niacin, and folate; pharmacological magnesium must be carried as a separate variable; and preformed vitamin A must be separated from vitamin A from carotenoids. For more information on the DRIs, see: www.nap.edu.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 2004

For improving the motion accuracy of hydrostatic tables, a corrective machining algorithm is proposed in this paper. The algorithm consists of three main processes. The reverse analysis is performed firstly to estimate the rail profile from the measured linear and angular motion error, in the algorithm. For the next step, the corrective machining information is obtained based upon the estimated rail pronto. Finally, the motion errors on the correctively machined rail are analyzed by using the motion error analysis method. These processes are iterated until the analyzed motion errors are satisfactory within the target accuracy. In order to verify the validity of the algorithm theoretically, the motion errors calculated by the estimated rail after the corrective machining process, are compared with those by the true rail which is previously assumed as the initially measured value. The motion errors calculated using the estimated rail show good agreement with the assumed values, and it is shown that the algorithm is effective in acquiring the corrective machining information to improve the accuracy of hydrostatic tables.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.62-68
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• 2004

Effectiveness of a corrective machining algorithm, which can construct the proper machining information to improve motion errors utilizing measured motion errors, is verified experimentally in this paper, Corrective machining process is practically applied to single and double side hydrostatic bearing tables. Lapping process is applied as a machining method. The machining information is obtained from the measured motion errors by applying the algorithm, without any information on the rail profile. In the case of the single-side table, after 3 times of corrective remachining, linear and angular motion errors are improved up to 0.13 $\mu\textrm{m}$ and 1.40 arcsec from initial error of 1.04 $\mu\textrm{m}$ and 22.71 arcsec, respectively. In the case of the double-side table, linear and angular motion error are improved up to 0.07 /$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 1.42 arcsec from the initial error of 0.32 $\mu\textrm{m}$ and 4.14 arcsec. The practical machining process is performed by an unskilled person after he received a preliminary training in machining. Experimental results show that the corrective machining algorithm is very effective and easy to use to improve the accuracy of hydrostatic tables.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.337-346
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• 2004

The Pearson chi-square goodness-of-fit test and the likelihood ratio tests are usually used for testing independence in two-way contingency tables under random sampling. But both of these tests may provide false results for the contingency table with clustered observations. In this case we consider the generalized linear mixed model which includes random effects of clustering in addition to the fixed effects of covariates. Both the heterogeneity between clusters and the dependency within a cluster can be explained via generalized linear mixed model. In this paper we introduce several types of generalized linear mixed model for testing independence in contingency tables with clustered observations. We also discuss the fitting of these models through a real dataset.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.53-68
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• 2017

Although the table, as one of the representations for helping mathematics understanding, steadily has been shown in the mathematics textbooks, there have been little studies that focus on the table and analyze how the table may be used in understanding students' functional thinking. This study investigated the elementary school 5th graders' abilities to design function tables. The results showed that about 75% of the students were able to create tables for themselves, which shaped horizontal and included information only from the problem contexts. And the students had more difficulties in solving geometric growing pattern problems than story problems. Building on these results, this paper is expected to provide implications of instructional directions of how to use the table as 'function table'.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.89-104
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• 2020

The purpose of this research is to build a database structure that can be useful for evidence-based medical practices by constructing the knowledge related to oriental medicine in the classical literature knowledge in a form that can utilize new forms of information technology. As a method, "database" is used as a keyword to search published studies in the field of oriental medicine, research is conducted on classic literature knowledge, and studies describing the contents of the data structure are found and analyzed. In conclusion, the original text DB for the preservation of the original texts and the presentation of the supporting texts should include 'Contents Text', 'Tree Structure', 'Herbal Structure', 'Medicine Manufacture', and 'Disease Structure' tables. In order to search, calculate, and automatically extract expressions written in the original text of the old literature, the tool DB should include 'Unit List', 'Capacity Notation List', 'CUI', 'LUI', and 'SUI' tables. In addition, In order to manage integrated knowledge such as herbal, medicine, acupuncture, disease, and literature, and to implement a search function such as comparison of similarity of control composition, the knowledge DB must contain 'dose-controlled medicine name', 'dose-controlled medicine composition', 'relational knowledge', 'knowledge structure', and 'computational knowledge' tables.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.618-623
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• 2011

This paper proposes a novel method to discriminate meaningful tables from decorative one using a composite kernel for handling structural information of tables. In this paper, structural information of a table is extracted with two types of parse trees: context tree and table tree. A context tree contains structural information around a table, while a table tree presents structural information within a table. A composite kernel is proposed to efficiently handle these two types of trees based on a parse tree kernel. The support vector machines with the proposed kernel dised kuish meaningful tables from the decorative ones with rich structural information.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.364-375
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• 2012

This study investigates the effects of interior design elements on the satisfaction and preference for space. Field measurements and surveys were conducted in three coffeeshops where various interior design elements were applied. Results indicate that movable tables and chairs for two people were preferred in the space. They need to be placed flexibly according to the visitors' needs to improve satisfaction for convenience. To improve spatial satisfaction, the brightness of color applied to wall surfaces was recommended to be lower than that of color used for floor surfaces. The surfaces of space and interior design elements such as furniture also need to be kept clean. Lamps with lower color temperature were effective to enhance spatial satisfaction. Light sources should be shielded when a pendant lighting system with general diffuse type was used in space. Natural daylight through window was also required for better satisfaction level. Multiple linear regression implied that the cozy feeling by electric light, existence of daylight, flexible layouts for tables and chairs, color and quality of material for tables and floor were significant contributors to overall spatial satisfaction.