• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.165-173
• /
• 1992

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of dopaminergic drugs and the role of specific dopamine(DA) receptors on the release of TSH, $T_4$ and $T_3$. Serum TSH levels (cold-induced, $4{^{\circ}C}$) were determined using RIA(radioimmunoassay) at 30 min after administration of dopamine agonists and antagonists. Serum $T_4$ and $T_3$ levels were detected after these dopaminergic drugs were administered subcutaneously twice a day for a week. The results of the study are summarized as follows : Apomorphine, a nonspecific DA receptor agonist, produced a dose-depedent decrease in serum TSH, $T_4$ and $T_3$ levels. However, only low doses (0.3, 1.0mg/kg) of SKF38393, a specific $D_1$-receptor agonist, produced a decrease in serum lelvels of TSH. I,Y171555, a specific $D_2$-receptor agonist, produced a dose dependent decrease in serum TSH, $T_4$ and $T_3$ levels. However, SCH23390, a specific $D_1$-receptor antagonist, produced a decrease except in serum T levels which were increased dose dependently. High doses (1.0, 3.0mg/kg) of sulpiride, a specific $D_2$-receptor antagonist, made a increase in the serum levels of TSH and $T_3$. The effects of dopaminergic drugs in serum TSH and $T_4$ levels was potentiated by the pretreatment of apomorphine. The overall results of this study suggest that the regulation of TSH, $T_4$ and $T_3$ secretion were mediated via specific $D_1$ and $D_2$ receptor.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.39-51
• /
• 1990

This research was carried out to offer the basis data for development of optimum drying schedule for a domestic oak species (Quercus grosseserrata B1.) by investigating drying rate. stress, defect, and moisuture gradient with board thicknesses and drying schedules (code number T4-C2 and T3-B1). The results were obtained as follows: 1. Average drying rate and total drying time from 52.2% to 5.8% were 0.105%/hr and 486 hours for drying schedule T4-C2 and those from 62.1% to 8.3% were 0.070%/hr. and 811 hours for drying schedule T3-B1. 2. Drying rates for 28mm- and 31mm-thick boards showed similar tendency, but were significantly different from 25mm- thick board in drying schedule T4-C2 and those for 22mm-, 25mm- 28mm- and 31mm-thick boards showed similar tendency but were significantly different from 19mm- thick boards in drying schedule T3-B1. 3. The moisture gradients for drying schedule T4-C2 were steeper than those for drying schedule T3-B1 during drying period. and especially in early drying stage slow slope of moisture gradients of drying schedule T3-B1 was effective in preventing serious problem of surface checks. 4. Drying stresses were lower in drying schedule T3-B1 than in drying schedule T4-C2 during drying period. 5. Drying schedule T4-C2 was appropriate for 25mm-thick board but not for 28mm- and 31mm-thick board because of strong drying condition. Drying schedule T3-B1 was appropriate for 28mm- and 31 mm-thick board but not for 19mm-, 22mm-, and 25mm-thick board because of weak drying condition.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.223-229
• /
• 1996

This experiment was conducted to investigate the protein sparing effect of rumen protected lysine(RPLys) and methionine hydroxyl analogue(MHA) in sheep. The treatments were $T_1$ (CP 15% + RPLys 0%), $T_2$ (CP 12% + RPLys 0%), $T_3$ (CP 12% + RPLys 0.4%) and $T_4$ (CP 12% + RPLys 0.4% + MHA 0.3%). Ruminal characteristics, in situ and in vitro digestibility and nitrogen retention rate were measured in sheep receiving different combinations of dietary supplement. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Ruminal pH and VFA concentrations were not affected by the treatments. Ruminal ammonia-N concentration was high in sheep fed diets $T_2$, $T_3$ and $T_4$ with the highest value in the $T_4$ treatment(p<0.05). 2. The digestibilities of dry matter and organic matter were not affected by the treatments. 3. Nitrogen losses through feces and urine were the highest with $T_1$ (p<0.05) and nitrogen retention rates of groups $T_1$, $T_2$, $T_3$ and $T_4$ were 18.6, 32.4, 35.5 and 27.5% of nitrogen intake, respectively, indicating that RPLys supplementation improved nitrogen retention in sheep.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of Mahaenggamseok-tang-gagambang (MGTG) on CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were injected, inhaled and sprayed with OVA for 12 weeks (four a week) for asthma induction. Two experimental groups were treated with different concentrations of MGTG (400 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) extract and cyclosporin A (10 mg/kg) for the later 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the mice lung was removed and analyzed CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells by flow cytometer. Results: Numbers of CD3+ T cells in lung of the MGTG groups (200, 400 mg/kg) were significantly decreased compared with that of control group. Numbers of CD4+ T cells in lung of the MGTG groups (200, 400 mg/kg) were significantly decreased compared with that of control group. Numbers of CD8+ T cells in lung of the MGTG groups (200, 400 mg/kg) were significantly decreased compared with that of control group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that MGTG alleviated asthmatic hyperreactiviry through CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Further study of relative cytokines is expected.

• 수면정신생리
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 1995

The author compared indices of thyroid function in 76 patients with panic attack and 80 control subjects. And SCL-90-R was performed to evaluate the relationship between the psychiatric symptoms and thyroid indices in the patients with panic attack The results were as follows: 1). No siginificant differences in T3, T4 or TSH were found between the two groups. But T3 level was significantly lower in male panic patients than male controls(p<0.005). 2) The T3 level was significantly lower in male panic patients who had higher depression socre than average in SCL-90-R(p<0.025). 3) The TSH level was significantly lower in patients with higher anxiety(p<0.001) and phobia(p<0.05) score and in female panic patients(p<0.001) with higher anxiety and phobia score than average in SCL-90-R. 4) The phobic symptom(p<0.001) was siginificantly higher and the T3 level(p<0.005) was lower in the male than the female patients with panic attack.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 1973

The most commonly used methods for determining thyroxine binding globulin(TBG) concentration as the total thyroxine-binding capacity utilize electrophoretic seperation of serum. Although technically simple, the electrophoretic method is time consuming and is limited in the number of samples which can be run in a single assay. The author presented a single $T_4$ load ion exchange resin method as an approach to simplify the technique as with clinical practicability and results were analyzed. For construction of the standard curves, serum mixtures were diluted with barbital buffer.which effectively blocked $T_4$-binding to TBPA. For each serum dilution, a constant amount of $T_4-^{125}I$ and increments of unlabelled $T_4$ were added. After incubation in water bath, resin beads were dispensed to the samples which binded all $T_4$ not bound to TBG. The radioactivity in the supernatant was counted in the gamma scintillation counter. Each standard curve was plotted from the percent counts in the supernatant and total $T_4$ in each tube. Unknown samples were diluted to 1:40 and ran at a single $T_4$ loading concentration, and the TBG capacity of the samples was able to be read on the standard isobars. The following results were obtained. 1) Mean and standard deviation for TBG capacity in normal population was $28.6{\pm}5.09{\mu}g\;T_4/100ml$. 2) $24.9{\pm}3.87{\mu}g\;T_4/100ml$ in hyperthyroidism showed low TBG capacity comparing to normal population.(p<0.025) 3) $31.0{\pm}2.40{\mu}g\;T_4/100ml$ in hypothyroidism showed high TBG capacity tendency comparing to normal population. 4) Reversed correlationship existed between TBG capacity and $T_3$ resin uptake(r=-0.624), TBG capacity and serum $T_4$ value (r=-0.859), and TBG capacity and free thyroxine index(r=-0.623). The author assumes that this method of assay is considerably simpler in instrumentation and technique than any other assays traditionally being used, and seems to be more practical for routine clinical laboratory use.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.606-612
• /
• 2003

위상형 직선격자에 가간섭 광원인 레이저 광을 조명하였을 때 이 격자가 렌즈없이 회절에 의하여 결상되는 자체결상 현상(또는 렌즈없는 결상)을 회절이론으로 해석하고 실험적으로 조사하였다. 위상형 격자의 위상분포가 강도분포로 바뀌면서 1:1 로 결상하는 자체결상거리( $Z_{T,a}$)를 진폭형 직선격자의 자체결상시 정의되는 자체결상거리 $z_{T,a}$를 이용하여(4n-3) $z_{T,a}$/4(n=양의 정수)와 같이 새로이 정의하였다. 실험적으로 $z_{T,p}$= $z_{T,a}$/4와 $z_{T,p}$=5 $z_{T,a}$/4에서 위상형 직선격자를 이용하여 자체결상거리에서 자체결상이 되는 것을 확인하였으며, $z_{T,p}$=3 $z_{T,a}$/4위치에서는 이 자체결상된 상의 위상이 반전되는 현상도 동시에 관찰하였다. 이러한 자체결상시 격자의 수에 따라 자체결상된 상의 가시도를 FFT(fast Fourier transform)로 처리하여 측정한 결과, 위상형 직선격자는 15 개 이상의 직선격자들로 구성되어야만 자체결상된 상의 가시도가 최대값 0.10 근처에서 일정하게 유지됨을 알 수 있었다.일정하게 유지됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.290-296
• /
• 2015

본 실험은 논 토양에서 사일리지용 수수 ${\times}$ 수수 교잡종 재배시 화학비료와 발효 돈분 액비 혼용 시용이 생육특성 및 영양성분에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시하였다. 실험설계는 화학비료 100% 처리구 (C), 화학비료 70% + 돈분액비 30% 처리구 (T1), 화학비료 50% + 돈분액비 50% 처리구 (T2), 화학비료 30% + 돈분액비 70% 처리구 (T3) 그리고 돈분액비 100% 처리구 (T4)로 한, 5처리 3반복 난괴법으로 배치하였다. 이때 돈분 액비 시용은 질소량만을 기준으로 하였다 (150 kg/ha). 초장, 엽장, 엽폭 그리고 경의 굵기는 T4구가 유의적으로 작게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 경의 경도는 돈분액비 시용 비율 낮고 화학비료 시용 비율이 높을수록 유의적으로 증가하였다 (p<0.05). 생초수량은 T2구가 높았던 반면 T3구가 낮게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 그러나 건물 수량 및 TDN 수량은 처리구들 간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 조단백질 함량은 T1구가 다른 구에 비하여 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 조지방 함량은 T1, T2, T3 그리고 T4 처리구들 간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었지만, C구와는 유의적인 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05). NDF와 조섬유 함량은 각각 T3구와 C구에서 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 그러나 ADF 함량은 처리구들 사이에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 총무기물 함량은 T1 > T2 > T4 > T3 > C 구 순으로 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 유리당 함량은 T1과 C구가 다른 처리구에 비하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 돈분액비 시용은 화학비료에 비하여 수량성, 영양성분에 크게 떨어지지 않기 때문에 사일지용 수수 ${\times}$ 수수 교잡종 재배시 돈분액비와 화학비료를 혼용 시용 하거나 돈분액비 만 시용하여도 큰 무리가 없는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.401-418
• /
• 2010

영지버섯에서 추출한 균사체 함량은 배지 L당 8.52g, 균체외 다당류는 4.49g으로 $\beta$-glucan 생산능력이 우수한 영지버섯을 선발하였으며, 대두분과 수용성전분 등을 이용한 최적의 산업용 버섯배양배지를 개발하였다. 원심분리와 냉동건조방법으로 제조한 $\beta$-glucan을 자돈사료에 첨가하여 이유자돈의 성장능력, 설사, 폐사율 및 경제성을 비교하여 항생제대체효과를 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 삼원교잡종(Landrace${\times}$Large White${\times}$Duroc) 이유자돈(8.6kg) 144두를 선발하여 28일간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 본 시험은 4처리 4반복의 난괴법 배치로 T1 처리구(-control)는 무항생제, T2 처리구(+control)는 항생제, T4 처리구는 무항생제에 $\beta$-glucan 0.2% 첨가, T3 처리구는 항생제와 $\beta$-glucan 0.2% 첨가하였다. 이유전기 (phase I, 0~14일)에서는 일당증체량과 사료섭취량은 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 사료효율은 처리간에 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 한편 이유후기(phase II, 15~28일)와 전 기간(0~28일)에서는 사료섭취량과 사료효율은 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 일당증체량은 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 전 기간의 일당증체량의 비교에서 설사지수와 분변의 수분함량은 T3와 T4 처리구가 다른 처리구보다 높았다(p<0.05). 이유자돈 분변의 수분함량은 T3와 T4 처리구가 다른 처리구보다 높았으나(p<0.05), 설사지수와 폐사율은 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이유자돈 시험의 경제성분석 결과 이유전기에서는 항생제와 $\beta$-glucan을 첨가함에 따라 사료비가 증가하였으나, 섭취량과 증체량을 고려한 사료비에서는 $\beta$-glucan을 첨가한 처리구(T3 및 T4)가 첨가하지 않은 처리구(T1 및 T2)보다 감소하여 $\beta$-glucan의 효과가 있었다. 그러나 이유후기의 $\beta$-glucan의 효과가 이유전기의 효과가 적 었다. 이상의 이유자돈시험을 결과를 종합해 보면 기능성 $\beta$-glucan은 이유자돈의 증체량, 영양소 소화율 및 경제성에 효과가 있었으며, 특히 항생제 대체제로서 일정 부분 개선 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.503-509
• /
• 2019

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of number of washes and salt addition on the meat quality in protein recovered from Alaska Pollock compared with pork leg. Various properties of protein recovered from Alaska Pollock (C, washed twice, no salt) and pork leg (T1, washed twice, no salt; T2, two washes, salt added; T3, washed four times, no salt; and T4, washed four times, salt added) were assessed in this study. Pork leg samples exhibited better color (more whiteness, less yellowness) than Alaska Pollock samples. In pork leg samples, four washes (T3, T4) during processing yielded whiter, less yellow protein than two washes (T1, T2). Overall, the textural property measures were higher in pork leg samples (T2, T3, and T4) than in other samples. Breaking force, jelly strength, and folding resistance were significantly higher in salt-treated pork leg samples (T2, T4) than in the other samples. Our findings demonstrate that protein recovered from pork leg has better color parameters, and physical strength compared with Alaska Pollock-derived protein. A higher number of wash steps and treatment with salt during processing were furthermore found to yield better color, and physical strength in the protein samples.