• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.547-556
• /
• 1998

This study was performed to obtain the basic data on the serum constituents of several marine fish spesies commonly cultured in Korea. Blood samples taken from six species of fish were analyzed for various components of serum, total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), triglyceride (TRIG), cholesterol (CHOL), glucose (GLC), lipase (LIPA), amylase (AMYL), aspartate transaminoferase (AST), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (CI) and phosphorus (PHOS). The fish used were coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), rock fish (Sebastes schlegeli), sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus), olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), rock fish (Sebastes schlegeli), sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus), olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus) and jack mackerel (Trachurus jaonicus) reared at the Chungmu Experimental Fish Culture Station of KORDI when the water tempetature was ca. 16.5$^{\circ}C$. There were significant differences in TRIG, CHOL, LIPA and AMYZ among the species analyzed. TRIG concentratin were ranged 178~180mg/dl in jack mackeerel and rock fish, 126~159 mg/dl in olive flounder and sea bass, and 102~114 mg/dl in coho salmon and parrot fish, respectively. Jack mackerel showed the highest levels in CHOL (255mg/dl) and GLC(138mg/dl) among species. LIPA levels were recorded 256 U/dl in coho salmon, 41~42 U/dl in parrot fish and rock fisk, and 5~11 U/dl jack mackerel and sea bass, respectively. AMYL activity of coho salmon was measured as 2, 665 U/dl, and that of jack mackerel was 1,210 U/dl while sea bass showed 60 U/dl and parrot fish, olive flounder and rock fish had at most 5 U/dl. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the concentration of Na and CI. Na and K were proved that they were negatively correlated in all the species. Generally, among blood components, PHOS and CHOL levels were different depending on environmental temperature of each fish species, especially in olive flounder. Rock fish and parrot fish showed high blood concentration of those components during low temperature period while olive flounder and jack mackerel reached high level during their optimal environmental temperature period. The electrolyte concentration and LIPA activity were high during low water temperature period, in general, but TP and ALB concentrations were high during optimal temperature period. The concentrations of TRIG, CHOL and GLC, those which were used as energy sourses, were different among species by season.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.96-99
• /
• 2008

The MRE (Monitoring Reconfiguration Electronics) board included inside the SCU (Spacecraft Computer Unit) in the COMS (Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite) spacecraft is used to monitor the battery voltage and to detect a battery under voltage (low battery capacity) or a battery overvoltage (overcharge). In case of alarm detection, a reconfiguration is initiated by the MRE board. The MRE configures the overall spacecraft in the survival mode to protect the Li-Ion (lithium ion) battery from overcharge and over discharge. For the EPS (Electrical Power Subsystem) point of view, the survival mode can be trigged from hardware wired thresholds. The aim of this paper to provide and to justify the low and high threshold levels which are associated to the MRE battery voltage monitoring. The MRE trig guarantees minimum battery energy to available for the required 48 hours autonomy duration of the spacecraft after MRE trig in the survival mode.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.72-72
• /
• 2011

국내 및 세계의 천연가스 수요가 증가하고, 원유가 상승에 의한 천연가스의 지속적인 가격상승이 예측됨에 따라 천연가스의 99%를 수입에 의존하는 우리나라의 에너지 안보 확보 방안을 위한 기술개발이 필요하다. 국내에서 천연가스를 확보할 수 있는 현실적인 방법중의 하나는 석탄가스화를 통해 얻어진 합성가스를 이용하여 SNG(synthetic Natural Gas, 합성천연가스)를 제조하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 석탄, 다양한 석탄 가스화기를 적용하는 경우에 대한 CASE별 공정해석을 수행하여 각 경우의 SNG 생산 특성을 파악하였다. 석탄의 종류는 역청탄, 아역청탄, 갈탄을 대상으로 하였으며, 역청탄을 사용하는 경우는 General Electric Energy(GEE), Shell Global Solutions(Shell), ConocoPhillips(CoP)사의 가스화기를, 아역청탄을 사용하는 경우는 KBR의 TRIG$^{TM}$, Siemens사의 SFG, Shell, CoP 가스화기를, 갈탄을 사용하는 경우는 Shell, Siemens 가스화기를 적용하였다. 사용한 석탄과 석탄가스화기에서 발생된 합성가스 조성은 NETL에서 발행된 보고서에 제시된 수치들을 활용하였다. 역청탄을 사용하고 CoP 가스화기를 적용한 경우, SNG 합성공정에 유입되는 유량이 100 Nm3/h 일 때, 생산되는 SNG의 조성은 $CH_4$ 96.26%, $H_2$ 1.49%, $CO_2$ 0.69%, CO 0.004% 이고 생산유량은 24 Nm3/h 였다. SNG 효율을 SNG 합성공정에 공급되는 합성가스 열량 대비 최종 생산되는 SNG의 열량을 기준으로 하고, 각 CASE 별 SNG 효율을 살펴보면, 역청탄을 대상으로 한 경우 GEE 74.05%, CoP 76.65%였다. 아역청탄을 대상으로 한 경우 TRIG 78.14%, Siemens 71.22%, CoP 75.72%였고, 갈탄을 대상으로 하는 경우 Shell 71.48%, Siemens 71.49%였다. 역청탄을 사용하는 경우는 CoP 가스화기를 대상으로 한 경우 SNG 효율 및 생산량이 가장 높았고, 아역청탄을 사용하는 경우는 TRIG 가스화기를 대상으로 한 경우의 SNG 효율 및 생산량이 높았다. 갈탄을 사용하는 경우는 Shell 가스화기와 Siemens 가스화기가 거의 비슷한 결과를 나타내었다. $$SNG\;efficiency({\eta})={\frac{Q_B}{Q_A}}={\frac{Q_{SNG}(kcal/h)}{Q_{Syngas}(kcal/h)}}{\times}100(%)$$.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.40-49
• /
• 2003

The genes related to specific events or pathways in bacteria are frequently localized proximate to the genome of their neighbors, as with the structures known as operon, but eukaryotic genes seem to be independent of their neighbors, and are dispersed randomly throughout genomes. Although cases are rare, the findings from structures similar to prokaryotic operons in the nematode genome, and the clustering of housekeeping genes on human genome, lead us to assess the genomic association of genes as functional subunits. We evaluated the genomic association of neighboring genes on chromosomes 4 and 5 of Arabidopsis thaliana with and without respectively consideration of the scaffold/matrix­attached regions (S/MAR) loci. The observed number of functionally identical bigrams and trig rams were significantly higher than expected, and these results were verified statistically by calculating p-values for weighted random distributions. The observed frequency of functionally identical big rams and trig rams were much higher in chromosome 4 than in chromosome 5, but the frequencies with, and without, consideration of the S/MAR in each chromosome were similar. In this study, a genomic association among functionally related neighboring genes in Arabidopsis thaliana was suggested.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.335-341
• /
• 1999

Antidiabetic activity and mechanism of Supungsungihyan(SPSGH) were examined in db/db mice, which is a spontaneously hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic and obese animal model. SPSGH and acarbose were administered orally for 4 weeks. Fasting and non-fasting serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin and trig-lyceride of SPSGH treated group were all reduced when compared with those of db/db control group. At 12th week after birth, SPSGH increased an insulin secretion although statistic significance was not seen. Total activities of sucrose, maltase and lactase in SPSGH treated group were not significantly different from those in db/db control. On the other hand, sucrase and maltase activities in acarbose treated groups were increased. Effect of SPSGH on mRNA expression of glucose transporter(GLUT-4) was also examined by RT-PCR and in vitro transcription with co-amplification of rat $\beta$-actin gene as an internal standard. Muscular GLUT-4 mRNA expression in SPSGH treated group was increased significantly. These results may suggest that SPSGH lowered blood glucose ascribing to upregulation of muscular GLUT-4 mRNA expression.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.1033-1038
• /
• 2001

This studies were to investigate the effects of low power Helium-Neon Infra-Red(He-Ne IR) laser on the changes of the chemical components in serum of the peripheral neuropathy in diabetic rats. The twenty one Spraque-Dawley adult male rats were assigned to the 3 groups: the control group(N=7), the diabetic group(n=7) and the laser group(n=7). The diabetic group was induced with a single intravenous injecion of 50mg/kg body weight streptozotocin dissolved to 0.01mol/L citrate buffer, pH 4.5. The experimental1asser group was irradiated low power He-Ne IR laser for 5 minutes every day during 21 days to the diabetic group. The results were as follows: 1. ALT was increased the laser treatment group than the diabetic group. but that was not significant. 2. AST was significantly increased the laser treatment group than the control group and the diabetic group. 3. LDH was significantly decreased the diabetic group and laser treatment group. 4. ALP was significantly increased the diabetic group and laser treatment group. 5. CHOL was significantly decreased the laser treatment group than the diabetic group. 6. TRIG was significantly increased the laser treatment group than the diabetic group. 7. CPK was significantly increased the laser treatment group than the control group and the diabetic group.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 1982

Mucor plumbeus FRI 0007 was grown on media containing starch solely as carbon source, urea as nitrogen source and minerals including magnesium, calcium and iron of different concentration. The ratio of nonpolar and polar lipid of the total lipid produced by the Muror plumbeus FRI 0007 changed by minerals added in the medium and incubation period. The nonpolar lipid content was higher on the medium containing only one mineral rather than 5 minerals and the nonpolar lipid consisted mainly of trig1yceride, free fatty acid and free sterol. The triglyceride content was higher on the medium containing one mineral and decreased with the incubation time lapse. The major fatty acid composition of total, nonpolar and polar lipid were oleic, palmitic and linoleic acid which comprised about 90% of total fatty acids and their compositions changed slightly depending on the minerals added in the medium.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.153-165
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to evaluate the body fat breakdown during topical seaweed extract treatment and in combination with the iontophoresis method to enhance skin absorption of lipolytic compounds. Of 14 female obesity subjects, 7 treated a gel types of seaweed extract only(control group) and 7 treated in combination with the iontophoresis(experimental group). Topical treatment of each sample was designed for 2 weeks, treated with 2 times a day about $10m{\ell}$ on the abdomen, triceps and thigh, respectively. Experimental group treat with the iontophoresis during 5 minutes immediately after topical treatment. After one and two weeks of topical treatment, measured body fat, skinfolds thickness, body circumference respectively. Then venous blood samples were taken and analyzed serum lipids. The results were as follows; 1) There were decrement of body weight, $\%$ of body fat, abdomen, triceps and thigh circumference and abdomen, triceps and thigh thickness between pre and post treatment in both group. These decrement were predominant in the iontophoresis treated group. Especially, there were $16\%$ of body fat decrement in the experimental group after two weeks iontophoresis treatment(control group VS experimental group = $33.54{\pm}2.70$ VS $28.37{\pm}3.38$, p<0.01). 2) There were decrement in total CHOL, LDL, TRIG and increment in HDL in both group. These phenomena were predominant in the iontophoresis treated group. CHOL decrement in the experimental group were significant after two weeks iontophoresis treatment(control group VS experimental group = $190.24{\pm}34.36$ VS $157.76{\pm}24.45$, p<0.001). These results suggest that the topical treatment of seaweed extract effective for fat breakdown and maximized in the combination with the topical seaweed extracts treatment and the iontophoresis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.70-84
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to evaluate the body fat breakdown during topical seaweed extract treatment and in combination with the iontophoresis, phonophoresis method to enhance skin absorption of lipolytic compounds. Of 24 female obesity subjects, 7 treated a gel types of seaweed extract only(control group) and 10 treated in combination with the iontophoresis(experimental group I) and 7 treated in combination with the phonophoresis(experimental group II). Topical treatment of each sample was designed for 2 weeks, treated with 2 times a day about $10m{\ell}$ on the abdomen, triceps, thigh and superior ilium, respectively. Experimental group treat with the iontophoresis and phonophoresis during 5 minutes immediately after topical treatment. After one and two weeks of topical treatment, measured body weight, body fat, skinfolds thickness respectively. Then venous blood samples were taken and analyzed serum lipids. The results were as follows; 1) There were decrement of body weight, $\%$ of body fat, superior ilium, triceps and thigh thickness between pre and post treatment in all group. Especially, there were more decrement of body weight, $\%$ of body fat in the iontophoresis treated group. 2) There were decrement in total CHOL, LDL, TRIG and increment in HDL in all group. These phenomena were predominant in the iontophoresis treated group. CHOL decrement in the experimental group were significant after two weeks iontophoresis treatment.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.409-414
• /
• 2006

Although mammalian sperms are cryopreserved for in vitro fertilization a process of cryopreservation decreases the fertility. Acrosome reaction requires depolarization-induced Ca$^{2+}$ influx and Ca$^{2+}$ releases from the Ca$^{2+}$ stores. To examine whether the cellular Ca$^{2+}$ mobilization is altered by a sperm cryopreservation we compared cytosolic Ca$^{2+}$ signals between fresh and cryopreserved pig sperms using confocal Ca$^{2+}$ imaging. The magnitudes of depolarization induced Ca$^{2+}$ increases were significantly smaller in cryopreserved sperms. Exposures to 10 mM caffeine or 5 ${\mu}$M thapsigargin elicited less Ca$^{2+}$ increases in the cryopreserved sperms compared to fresh sperms. In addition, progesterone-trig-gered Ca$^{2+}$ rises, that are thought to enhance acrosome reaction, were completely abolished in the cryopreserved sperms. These results suggest that storage and(/or) release of Ca$^{2+}$ from the intracellular Ca$^{2+}$ stores in pig sperms are significantly impaired by the process of cryopreservation.