• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1337-1342
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• 2004

To improve the quality of Gulbi, 10% garlic juice (GJ), 10% onion juice (OJ), and 10% garlic and onion juice mixture (GOJ) were added to the brine solution as a wet-salting method. The changes of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and trimethyl amine (TMA) production, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value, and total microbial numbers in Gulbi were analyzed during storage at room temperature for 12 days. The group treated with 10% GOJ showed the lowest values of 88.2 mg/l00 g in TVB-N, 14.13 mg/l00 g in TMA, and 3.1 $\mu$mol/kg in TBARS. The fatty acid profile of Gulbi was analyzed on 5, 15, and 30 days to investigate the effect of GOJ treatment. The group treated with GOJ showed higher C22:6 (9.91%) and C20:5 (4.25%) contents than control (7.37% and 3.71%, respectively), but had lower C18:1 (24.44%) content. The saturated fatty acid content in Gulbi was 32∼35% and the C16:0 (21∼23%) was predominant in it. Oleic acid was major unsaturated fatty acid in Gulbi. The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:3, C20:5, C22:6) were decreased after 30 days but increased the saturated fatty acid (C16:0) and monoenes (C16:1 and C18:1). The Gulbi treated with GOJ by brine salting method showed higher DHA and EPA (9.91% and 4.25%, respectively) contents than the control group.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.213-218
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• 2004

Primary fish-odor syndrome (FOS) is a genetic disorder caused by defective flavin-containing mono-oxygenase 3 gene (FMO3) with deficient N-oxidation of trimethylamine (TMA), causing trimethylaminuria (TMAU). By contrast, secondary FOS can be acquired by decreased FMO activities in patients with chronic liver diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, we examined plasma NOx concentrations and viral DNA contents as well as in vivo FMO activities and their correlations in chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) patients. Plasma concentration of NOx was significantly increased by 2.1 fold $(56.2{\pm}26.5\;vs.\;26.6{\pm}5.4\;{\mu}M,\;p<0.01)$, and it was positively correlated with plasma hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA contents $(r^2=0.2838,\;p=0.0107)$. Furthermore, the elevated plasma NOx values were inversely and significantly correlated with in vivo FMO activities detected by ranitidine-challenged test $(8.3%\;vs.\;20.0%,\;r^2=0.2109,\;p=\0.0315)$. TMA N-oxidation activities determined in CVH patients without challenge test were also significantly low (73.6% vs. 95.7%, p< 0.05). In conclusion, these results suggested that secondary FOS could be acquired by the endogenously elevated NO in patients with CVH.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.781-788
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• 2024

(C₄H₄N₂H)₂Cr₃O₁₀ has been prepared by the reaction of C₄H₄N₂ with CrO₃ in water. (C₄H₄N₂H)₂Cr₃O₁₀ was identified by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and TG-DTA-TMA system. The oxidation of benzyl alcohol by (C₄H₄N₂H)₂Cr₃O₁₀ in organic solvents showed that the reactivity increased with the increase of the dielectric constant. The oxidation of alcohols was examined by (C₄H₄N₂H)₂Cr₃O₁₀ in CH₂Cl₂. As a resuit, (C₄H₄N₂H)₂Cr₃O₁₀ was found as efficient oxidizing agent that converted benzylic alcohol, allylic alcohol, saturated primary alcohol, secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones(70%~96%). The selective oxidation of alcohols was also examined by (C₄H₄N₂H)₂Cr₃O₁₀ in CH₂Cl₂. (C₄H₄N₂H)₂Cr₃O₁₀ was selective oxidizing agent(10%~96%) of benzylic alcohol, allylic alcohol, saturated primary alcohols in the presence of secondary ones. In the presence of DMF. solvent with acidic catalyst such as HCl. (C₄H₄N₂H)₂Cr₃O₁₀ oxidized benzyl alcohol and its derivatives. The Hammett reaction constant was -0.70(303K). The observed experimental data were used to rationalize the hydride ion transfer in the rate determining step.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.176-176
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• 2012

본 연구는 GaN 기반의 전자소자의 표면 패시베이션 방법으로 열산화 공정을 이용한 알루미늄산화막 패시베이션 공정에 대하여 연구하였다. 결정질의 알루미늄산화물은 경도가 크고 화학적으로 안정적이기 때문에 외부 오염에 대한 소자 표면을 효과적으로 보호할 수 있으며, 열적안정성이 뛰어나 공정중 또는 공정 후의 고온 환경에서의 열 손상이 적은 장점을 가진다. 결정질 알루미늄산화막($Al_2O_3$)을 소자 표면에 형성하기 위해서 일반적으로 TMA (trimethlyaluminium)와 오존($O_3$)가스를 이용한 ALD 공정법이 사용되고 있으나 공정 비용이 비싸고 열산화막에 비해 전자 trapping이 많이 발생하여 전자이동도가 저하되는 단점이 있어, 본 연구에서는 열산화 공정을 이용하여 소자의 전기적 특성 저하를 발생시키지 않는 알루미늄산화막 패시베이션을 수행하였다. 실험에 사용된 기판은 AlGaN/GaN 이종접합 구조가 증착된 HEMT 제작용 기판을 사용하였으며 TLM 구조를 제작하여 소자의 채널 면저항 및 절연영역간 누설전류 특성을 확인하였다. TLM 구조가 제작된 샘플 위에 알루미늄을 100 ${\AA}$ 두께로 소자위에 증착하고 $O_2$ 분위기에서 약 $525{\sim}675^{\circ}C$ 온도로 3분간 열처리하여 알루미늄 산화막을 형성한 후 $950^{\circ}C$ 온도로 $N_2$ 분위기에서 30초간 안정화열처리 하여 안정한 알루미늄 산화막 패시베이션을 형성하였다. 알루미늄산화막 패시베이션 후 소자의 절연영역 사이의 누설전류는 패시베이션 전과 비슷한 크기를 나타냈고 패시베이션 후 채널의 면저항이 패시베이션 전에 비해 약 20% 감소한 것을 확인하였다. 또한 패시베이션된 소자와 패시베이션되지않은 소자에 대해 $900^{\circ}C$ 온도로 30초간 열처리한 결과 패시베이션 되지 않은 소자는 74%만큼 채널 면저항이 증가하였으며, 절연영역 누설전류가 다섯오더 크기로 증가한 반면 알루미늄산화막 패시베이션한 소자는 단지 13%의 채널 면저항의 증가를 나타내었고 절연영역 누설전류는 100배 감소한 값을 보여 알루미늄산화막 패시베이션이 소자의 열적 안정성을 향상시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 1986

Effects of the kind and concentration of salt on oxidation of lipids and on formation of flavor components have been studied with four varieties of fermented anchovies prepared with 20％ sun-dried salt(sample B) , 12% refined salt (sample C), 16.5％ refined salt (sample D) and 16. 5% refined salt Plus 25％ brine (sample E). The sample B showed higher peroxide and TBA value and also higher content of TMA thar. those prepared with refined salt. The amounts of amino-N and VBN in sample B appeared larger than in sample D but was in a similar level with those in sample C. On the other hands, much smaller amounts of lactic and succinic acid were observed in sample B compared with in sample C and D. Sample C revealed the highest level of lactic acid among the samples tested. The changes in the amounts of each free amino acid displayed similar tendencies in all samples, except decreasing tendency of tyrosine in sample B and increasing tendency of aspartic acid in sample C. Also observed was lower IMP and inosine level in sample B than in C and D, but hypox-anthine level was higher in B. In general, sample I indicated remarkably lower values of experimental data in all cases mentioned above, but the highest TBA balue.