• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.101-118
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• 2012

Embedded products are becoming richer in features. Simulation tools facilitate low-costs and the efficient development of embedded systems. SID is an open source simulation software that includes a library of components for modeling hardware and software components. SID components were originally written using C/C++ and Tcl/Tk. Tcl/Tk has mainly been used for GUI simulation in the SID system. However, Tcl/Tk components are hampered by low performance, and GUI development using Tcl/Tk also has poor flexibility. Therefore, it would be desirable to use a more advanced programming language, such as Java, to provide simulations of cutting-edge products with rich graphics. Here, we describe the development of the Java Bridge Module as a middleware that will enable the use of Java Components in SID. We also extended the low-level SID API to Java. In addition, we have added classes that contain default implementations of the API. These classes are intended to ensure the compatibility and simplicity of SID components in Java.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.124-128
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• 1999

TK6 was able to produce NAD+ dependent cyclohexanol dehydrogenase(CDH). The production of CDH was increased rapidly at the logarithmic phase and maintained constantly after that. In order to investigate the inductive production of CDH by various substrates, the bacteria were grown in the media containing alicyclic hydrocarbons and various alcohols as a sole crabon souce. CDH was induced most actively by cyclohexanol. Cyclohexanone and cyclohexane-1,2-diol also induced remarkable amount of CDH but it was induced weakly by 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-propanol, and 2-methyl-1-propanol. The dehydrogenase of the bacteria grown in the media containing cyclohexanol were weakly active for various alcohols, but the dehydrogenase activity for cyclohexane-1,2-diol was twice as much as that for cyclohexanol. Activity staining on PAGE of the cell free extract of Rhodococcus sp. TK6 grown in the media containing cyclohexanol reveals at least sever isozyme bands of CDH and we nominated the four major activity bands as CDH I, II, III, and IV. CDH I was strongly induced by cyclohexanol, cyclohexane-1,2-diok, but its activity was specific to cyclohexane-1,2-diol and 1-pentanol. CDH IV was strongly induced by cyclohexanol and cyclohexane-1,2-diol, and its activity was very specific to cyclohexane-1,2-diol.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권sup1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2001

Objective : We investigated the feasibility of a double suicide gene/prodrug therapy, involving direct introduction of the herpes simplex virus Type 1 thymidine kinase(TK) gene and the Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase(CD) gene, via a recombinant adenoviral vector and ganciclovir(GCV) and/or 5-fluorocytosine(5-FC) treatment, in C6 glioma cells. Methods : Efficient gene transfer and transduction of C6 glioma cells via a recombinant adenovirus were evaluated by infecting cells with adenovirus bearing the ${\beta}$-galactosidase gene and then staining cells with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-13-D-galactoside. CD/TK expression in cells infected with adenovirus bearing the CD/TK gene(ad-CD/TK) was examined by immunoblotting analysis. For in vitro cytotoxicity experiments, the cells were infected with ad-CD/TK or ad-${\Delta}E1$(as a control). After addition of a variety of concentrations of GCV and 5-FU, either separately or in combination, cell viability was determined by staining the cells with crystal violet solution 6 days after infection. Result : C6 glioma cells were efficiently transduced with recombinant adenoviral vector at multiplicities of infection of 200 or more. In vitro cytotoxicity of GCV and/or 5-FC, either alone or in combination, was exclusively observed in the cells transduced with ad-CD/TK. Obvious cytotoxicity(>50% inhibition) was observed in the presence of 5-FC at concentrations greater than 30ug/ml or GCV at concentrations greater than 0.3ug/ml at a multiplicity of infection of 100. Additionally, cytotoxicity in the presence of both GCV and 5-FC was greater than that after sinlge-prodrug treatments, indicating additive effects of the prodrug treatments. Conclusion : The administration of a double-suicide gene/prodrug therapy might have great potential in the treatment of brain tumors.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.1045-1050
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• 2002

The aims of this study were to detect spontaneously occurring apoptosis in cultured porcine ovarian cells, to examine the role of growth hormone (GH), tyrosine kinase (TK), protein kinase G (PKG) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) in the control of this process, and to determine whether the effect of GH on apoptosis is mediated by TK-, PKG- and cdc2-dependent intracellular mechanisms. We studied the action of pGH (10 ng/ml), blockers of TK (genistein, lavendustin, both 100 ng/ml), PKG (Rp-Br-PET-cGMPS, 50 nM; KT5823, 100 ng/ml) and CDK (olomoucine, $1{\mu}g/ml$), as well as combinations of GH with these blockers, on the onset of apoptosis in cultured granulosa cells isolated from antral (3-6 mm) porcine follicles. The functional characteristics of an early apoptotic event, DNA fragmentation, were determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL), whilst morphological signs of advanced apoptosis such as pyknosis, chromatin marginalization, shrinkage and fragmentation of nucleus, were detected using routine light microscopy. After culture, some ovarian granulosa cells exhibited DNA fragmentation, which in some cases was associated with morphological apoptosis-related changes (pyknosis, shrinkage and fragmentation of the nucleus). GH significantly reduced the proportion of TUNEL-positive cells. Neither TK nor CDK blockers when given alone, significantly affected the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells although both PKG blockers significantly increased this index. Furthermore, TK and PKG blockers given together with GH, prevented or reversed the inhibitory effect of GH on apoptosis, whilst the CDK blocker olomoucine promoted it. These observations demonstrate apoptosis in porcine ovaries and suggest the involvement of GH, TK, PKG and CDK in the control of this process. They also suggest that the effect of GH on ovarian apoptosis is mediated or regulated by multiple signalling pathways including TK-, PKG- and CDK-dependent intracellular mechanisms.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1994

This study was conducted to compare the of rearing native and cross-bred dairy cows and returns received from them. For this purpose, 144 cows of 132 household from 24 villages were randomly selected. of them, 96 were native cows and 48 were cross-bred cows. The study revealed that among the structure of cost components, labour charge occupied the major share in the total cost of milk production per litre. The total cost of rearing native and cross-bred cows was Tk. 14,155 and Tk. 19,854 per annum, respectively. The average net cost of milk production per litre was Tk. 14.12 for native cows and Tk. 0.52 and for cross-bred cows were Taka 3.40. The benefit-cost ratio of milk per litre was higher (1:1.33) in cross-bred cows than native ones (1:1.04). The study further showed that in comparing with bulk line cost, the price of milk per litre received by the farmers was higher in cross-bred cows than native cows. Therefore, the study recommends dairying with cross-bred cows as encouraging and viable commercial enterprise in Banfladesh.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.467-474
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• 2013

본 연구는 전통간장에 표고버섯 및 황기를 첨가하여 30일간 숙성시킨 간장의 이화학실험, 항산화실험 및 관능평가를 실시하였다. 간장 식염변화에서 TK을 제외한 실험군 모두 염도가 다소 증가하였으나 기간별 뚜렷한 식염 함량의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. pH 변화에서 TK를 제외한 모든 간장의 pH가 다소 감소하였는데, 이는 첨가재가 영향을 미친 것으로 생각된다. 총산도 변화에서 TK는 거의 변화가 없었으나 MK과 AMK은 기간이 지남에 따라 점차 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 총당의 변화에서는 TK에 비해 AK 및 AMK의 함량이 높았다. AK의 환원당이 TK에 비해 높은 값을 보였지만, MK의 환원당 변화는 기간에 따른 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 아미노태 질소 변화에서는 AK가 0.50~0.98%로 급격히 증가하는 경향을 보인 반면 MK는 1.15~0.67%로 감소하였고 AMK도 0.78~0.64%로 감소하였다. 항산화 활성 변화에서 AK의 총 폴리페놀 함량이 15일 이후 증가하였으며 25일에 52.24 mg/mL로 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 총 플라보노이드 역시 15일 이후 급격히 증가하는 경향을 보였고 25일에 210 mg/mL로 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능에서 TK를 제외한 모든 간장에서 활성이 높게 나타났다. 관능평가에서 AK가 향, 짠맛, 구수한맛, 단맛, 쓴맛, 신맛, 전체기호도 모두 높은 점수를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로서, 표고버섯과 황기 첨가 간장이 일반 전통 간장에 비해 항산화 활성이 높고 기호도가 좋음을 알 수 있었으며, 황기 간장이 기능성 간장으로의 활용 가능성이 있음을 제시하였다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2001

Background: Many types of cancer become resistant to current chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic intervention. To overcome this situation application of gene therapy by the introduction of suicide genes followed by their prodrugs may be promising. A viral enzyme, Herpes simplex thymidine kinase (HSV-tk), which converts ganciclovir from an inactive prodrug to a cytotoxic agent by phosphorylation, are being actively investigated for use in gene therapy for cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine whether combining prodrug-activating gene therapy and irradiation might result in enhanced antitumor effects. Methods: The HSV-tk gene was cloned into the retroviral vector, pLXSN and established the clones producing retroviruses carrying the HSV-tk gene. The carcinoma cell line, HCT116 and Huh-7 were transduced with high-titer recombinant retroviruses. These cell lines were treated with ganciclovir before or after irradiation for the defining combinational effect of suicide gene therapy and radiotherapy. Results: The titers of cloned PA3 17 amphotropic retroviruses ranged from 4 to 6 X $10^6CFU/ml4$. After selectional periods, the expression of HSV-tk was confirmed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The growth of cells expressing HSV-tk was inhibited as increase of GCV dose after 48 hr and the growth inhibitory effect of GCV was much higher after 72 hr. When the cells transduced with HSV-tk gene were exposed to radiation, the growth inhibitory effect of GCV was significantly increased, as compared with non-transduced parental cells. Conclusions: The results suggest that the addition of HSV-tk gene therapy to standard radiation therapy may improve the effectiveness of treatment for solid tumors.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1867-1876
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• 2017

Most of the biosynthetic pathways for secondary metabolites are influenced by carbon metabolism and supply of cytosolic NADPH. We engineered carbon distribution to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and redesigned the host to produce high levels of NADPH and primary intermediates from the PPP. The main enzymes producing NADPH in the PPP, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (encoded by zwf1 and zwf2) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (encoded by zwf3), were overexpressed with opc encoding a positive allosteric effector essential for Zwf activity in various combinations in Streptomyces lividans TK24. Most S. lividans transformants showed better cell growth and higher concentration of cytosolic NADPH than those of the control, and S. lividans TK24/pWHM3-Z23O2 containing zwf2+zwf3+opc2 showed the highest NADPH concentration but poor sporulation in R2YE medium. S. lividans TK24/pWHM3-Z23O2 in minimal medium showed the maximum growth (6.2 mg/ml) at day 4. Thereafter, a gradual decrease of biomass and a sharp increase of cytosolic NADPH and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate between days 2 and 4 and between days 1 and 3, respectively, were observed. Moreover, S. lividans TK24/pWHM3-Z23O2 produced 0.9 times less actinorhodin but 1.8 times more undecylprodigiosin than the control. These results suggested that the increased NADPH concentration and various intermediates from the PPP specifically triggered undecylprodigiosin biosynthesis that required many precursors and NADPH-dependent reduction reaction. This study is the first report on bespoke metabolic engineering of PPP routes especially suitable for producing secondary metabolites that need diverse primary precursors and NADPH, which is useful information for metabolic engineering in Streptomyces.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

At the dose of 1000 p.f.u. per mouse,100% mortality occurred in mice inoculated with wild-type pseudorabies virus (PrV). In contrast, upon stable deletion of 10 bp nucleotides at the Bsrl site within the TK gene, PrV was rendered to be completely apathogenic. The deletion also caused the virus to be less capable of replicating in respiratory as well as in nervous system tissues. Although animals were exposed to high titers of TK-deleted PrVs, the virus failed to replicate to a high titer as compared to the pathogenic parental virus. In contrast to previous studies the deletion in the TK gene did not prevent the virus from establishing latency. Upon immunosuppression, the latent virus? however, reactivated but replicated at low titers. Interestingly, TK-deleted virus established latency and reactivation, that are occurred only in trigeminal ganglia and the cerebrums and no other tissues involved. Following reactivation, there was no indication of virus shedding in respiratory tissues as confirmed by virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique targeting at the gB gene of PrV, The non-pathogenic virus with non-shedding characteristics, upon reactivation of the latent virus, would be the important feature of a live virus vaccine candidate.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1967

NaAc와 HAc로 된 緩衝溶液에서 납의 mono di, tri, Acetato Complexes의 安定度常數를 이온强度 2.00, 1.00, 0.75, 그리고 溫度 $150^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$에서 Leden의 電位測定法으로 測定하고, $15^{\circ}C$에서는 Hume과 DeFord의 Polarographie Method로서도, 아울러 測定比較하였다. 安定度常數(Kijk)와 이온强度(${\mu}j$), 그리고 溫度(Tk) 사이에 다음과 같은 關係가 있음을 알았다. log Kijk = (Ai/${\mu}j^3$+ Bi) / Tk + Ci/${\mu}j^3$ + Di