• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.233-250
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• 1996

In order to determine the effects of Palmijihwangtangs on the hypothyroidism, the biochemical and morphologic effects of PALMIJIHWANGTANGS against 2-thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism in rats were examined. 1. Serum $T_3$ value was significantly incresed by the treatment with PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1, 2 and 3(p<0.05). 2. Serum $T_4$ value was significantly higher in PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1 and PALMIJIIIWANGTANG-2 treated groups than that of control group. In PALMIJIHWANGTANG-3 treated group, serum $T_4$ level was significantly higher and that of control group(p<0.01). 3. Scrum free $T_4$ value was significantly incresed in the PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1 and PALMIJIHWANGTANG-2 treated groups(p<0.05) 4. Total cholesterols was significantly decresed by the treatment with PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1(p<0.05). 5. The treament with the PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1, 2 and 3 resulted in the significantly decrease of serum ALT(p<0.05). 6. Thyroid gland weight was significantly increased in PALMIJIHWANGTANG-3 treated group(p<0.01). 7. Treatment with PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1, 2 and 3 effectively recovered the dystropy and degeneration of follicle in thyroid gland caused by 2-thiouracil. 8. There was no histological and functional lesion observed in the liver after treatment with PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1, 2 and 3. These results suggest that PALMIJIHWANGTANG may be effective in the treatment of hypothyroidism.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 1991

Using T-lymphocytes obtained from rat peripheral blood, we found that the 44kD/pI6.8 protein was the major phosphoprotein of T-lymphocytes under basal condition, and that the 44kD/pI6.3 protein was a new phosphoprotein appeared in T-lymphocytes stimulated with ${\beta}-agonist$. The phosphorylation of the 44kD/pI6.3 protein was also induced by forskolin but inhibited by H-8 pretreatment. To clarify the character of the 44kD/pI6.3 protein, we used Con-A and kinase inhibitors, H-7 and W-7. Con-A stimulation induced phosphorylation of 44kD/pI 6.3 protein but that was inhibited by W-7 pretreatment. The phosphorytation of 44kD/pI6.3 protein was not induced by the PKC activator, PMA. Instead, the phosphorylation of 44kD/pI6.8 protein was reduced by H-7, a PKC inhibitor. From the above results,it can be concluded that the 44kD/pI6.3 protein can be a common substrate for A-kinase and CaM kinase. The two dimensional tryptic peptide mapping revealed that the 44kD/pI6.8 and 44kD/pI6.3 proteins are different.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5672-5681
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to test the correlation of ethical values and perception of biomedical ethics in nursing students. Data was collected from September 10th to October 5th 2012, was analyzed using the t-test, the one-way ANOVA, the Scheffe, the Multiple regression and Pearson's correlation. The average point of consciousness of biomedical ethics was 2.98(${\pm}0.2$). The highest score of 3.27(${\pm}0.5$) was seen in the category of the ethics for 'right to life of the fetus', the lowest score of 2.70(${\pm}0.4$) was seen in the 'organ transplantation'. As a result of analyzing on general and specific aspects, the difference was found in gender and ethical values(F=6.148, p=<.001). In gender, the score of biomedical ethics(r=0.108, p=.003) and ethical values(r=-0.185, p=.002) were showing a positive correlation. The predictors of biomedical ethics was gender(${\beta}$=0.205, t=3.399, p=<.001), the possibility of biomedical ethics problems depend on the development of science (${\beta}$=0.142, t=2.261, p=0.025) and ethical values(${\beta}$=0.189, t=3.119, p=0.002). These results can provide a basic data to enhance the consciousness of biomedical ethics and establish a educational program of biomedical ethics for nursing students.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.278-284
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of seeding dates on the yield and feed value of whole-crop barley cultivated in paddy soil. The field experiment was conceived as a randomized block design performed in triplicate with seeding dates of Oct. 19 (T1 as treatment 1), Oct. 26 (T2 as treatment 2), Nov. 2 (T3 as treatment 3), Nov. 9 (T4 as treatment 4), and Nov. 16 (T5 as treatment 5) as treatments. The barley grown in all treatments was harvested on May 21 of the following year. Plant length, fresh yield, dry matter yield, and total digestible nutrient (TDN) yield were higher (p < 0.05) in barley with early seeding dates, whereas crude protein and ether extract were higher (p < 0.05) with late seeding dates. Crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber were highest in the T3 treatment and lowest in the T1 treatment. There was no significant difference between acid detergent fiber and TDN among the different seeding dates. Total mineral contents were higher in the order T1 > T2 > T3 > T4 > T5 (p < 0.05), whereas the total amino acid content increased significantly (p < 0.05) with a delay in seeding date. Free sugar contents (fructose, glucose, and sucrose) were higher with early seeding dates (p < 0.05). Collectively, the results obtained in this study indicate that it is favorable to seed soon after harvesting rice to increase dry matter and TDN yields and mineral and free sugar contents of whole-crop barley in the midlands of Korea.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.68-74
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the effects of mugwort powder on meat compositions (proximate analysis, meat cholesterol, fatty and amino acid composition) and sensory characteristics in finishing pigs ($LY{\times}D$). Each $20{\times}3$ pigs (75 kg) were randomly allotted to three treatments. Mugwort powder was added for 0 (C), 0.5 (T1), 1.0 (T2), or 1.5% (T3) in basal diet, respectively for 50 days. Moisture, protein, ash, and cholesterol were not significantly different between the samples, however, the compositions of fat in T2 and T3 were significantly lower than the control (p<0.05). The amino acid composition did not differ significantly in the samples. The total sum of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) did not differ significantly in the samples. The compositions of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, essential fatty acid (EFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were lowest significantly in T3, however, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) were highest in T3 (p<0.05). The fatty acid compositions of arachidonic acid, EFA and PUFA were highest significantly in T2 (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the sensory characteristics of fresh and cooked meats in the samples.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.367-373
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• 1994

Let us consider the Cauchy problem $$ {\rho_t + \upsilon \cdot \nabla\rho = 0 {\rho[\upsilon_t + (\upsilon \cdot \nabla)\upsilon] + \nabla p + \rho f {div \upsilon = 0 (1.1) {\rho$\mid$_t = 0 = \rho_0(x) {\upsilon$\mid$_t = 0 = \upsilon_0(x) $$ in $Q_T = R^3 \times [0,T]$, where $f(x,t), \rho_0(x) and \upsilon_0(x)$ are given, while the density $\rho(x,t)$, the velocity vector $\upsilon(x,t) = (\upsilon^1(x,t),\upsilon^2(x,t),\upsilon^3(x,t))$ and the pressure p(x,t) are unknowns. The equations $(1.1)_1 - (1.1)_3$ describe the motion of a nonhomogeneous ideal incompressible fluid.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.255-260
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• 2008

This study was conducted to analyse the effects of the UFCA for treating polluted water in a reservoir. The UFCA mixes water by circulation of surface and bottom water layers. The circulation supplies oxygen to bottom of the reservoir, resulting in water quality improvement. With a UFCA in use, we surveyed the changes of temperature, pH, transparency, depth, conductivity, DO, COD, BOD, T-N, T-P and Chlorophyll-a for 7 months from Feb. to Aug. in 2004 in our experimental reservoir. There was little difference in the surface and bottom temperatures of the reservoir because of water mixing by the UFCA. However, pH was changed from 7 to 9. The transparency of water was about 80 cm through the all periods. Conductivity was $150\;{\mu}S/cm$ in early Feb., but increased to $270\;{\mu}S/cm$ in early March. Little change was seen in DO with depth, but it was maintained above 6 mg/l in June and July. BOD increased from 2.1 to 12.2 mg/l. The study reservoir did not undergo any eutrophication during the period of our experiment, but the comparison reservoir had an algae-bloom. The COD in the experimental reservoir increased from 5.4 to 14.5 mg/l. The COD concentration of the experimental reservoir was higher than comparison reservoir at the beginning of the study but in August this situation was reversed. SS concentration increased from 13.5 to 23.5 mg/l in Feb., but it fell from between 8.5 to 11.2 mg/l in July. T-N was increased from 1.3 to 4.9 mg/l. It increased up to 3 times in the rainy season as compared to other components. However the comparison reservoir increased up to 40 times higher than the experimental reservoir in the same period. T-P increased from 0.04 to 0.17 mg/l. The ratio of T-N to T-P increased from 20:1 to 40:1 which means that T-P was a growth limiting factor for algae and aquatic plants. Chlorophyll-a increased from 20 to 120 mg/l, and its concentration was correlated with T-P, such that Chlorophyl-a concentration increased with increased of T-P concentration. The concentrations of COD, T-N, T-P and other parameters were higher in the experimental reservoir than in the comparison reservoir but this situation was reversed in July, when the most severe eutophication occurred. The results show that overall the experimental reservoir was greatly remedied by UFCA. The UFCA accelerated the degradation of aquatic organic materials through effective supply of air with up-flow and circulation of water. We conclude that the UFCA can be very effective in aspect of the remediation of water quality incontaminated reservoirs and lakes.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2020

Purpose: Patients with pathological stage T1N+ or T2-3N0 gastric cancer may experience disease recurrence following curative gastrectomy. However, the current Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines do not recommend postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for such patients. This study aimed to identify the prognostic factors for patients with pT1N+ or pT2-3N0 gastric cancer using a multi-institutional dataset. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data obtained from 401 patients with pT1N+ or pT2-3N0 gastric cancer who underwent curative gastrectomy at 9 institutions between 2010 and 2014. Results: Of the 401 patients assessed, 24 (6.0%) experienced postoperative disease recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥70 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-7.23; P=0.030) and lymphatic and/or venous invasion (lymphovascular invasion (LVI): HR, 7.88; 95% CI, 1.66-140.9; P=0.005) were independent prognostic factors for poor recurrence-free survival. There was no significant association between LVI and the site of initial recurrence. Conclusions: LVI is an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with pT1N+ or pT2-3N0 gastric cancer.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop a cognitive-behavioral intervention for college students at high risk for mental health and to investigate its effect on mental health outcomes. Methods : The program was developed to reduce depressive symptoms and adverse outcomes while promoting resilience and positive effects. It consisted of eight sessions in a small group format for eight weeks. Thirty subjects at high risk for mental health participated in the program. Outcomes on the depressive symptoms, resilience, satisfaction with life, negative affect, and positive affect were evaluated at pre-and post-intervention. Results : Depressive symptom scores reduced significantly post-intervention compared to pre-intervention (t=3.51, p=0.002). Resilience scores (t=-3.65, p=0.001) and satisfaction with life scores (t=-3.00, p=0.006) increased after intervention than pre-intervention. Positive affect scores decreased post-intervention (t=2.28, p=0.031). There was no significant difference between pre-and post-intervention negative affect scores (t=-0.94, p=0.356). Conclusions : Present study demonstrated that group-based cognitive-behavioral intervention could be helpful for college students at high risk for mental health to reduce mental health symptoms and improve healthy protective factors.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.263-272
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• 2016

The present study investigated the effect of inclusion of chromium propionate (Cr-P) and lysophopholipid (LPL) in diet on blood parameters and meat quality of Hanwoo steer. Feeding trial was performed from late fattening period to slaughter and blood parameters (insulin, blood glucose and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration) and meat quality were examined. Total 4 experimental groups including control (no addition), T1 (Cr-P 0.2%), T2 (LPL 0.2%) and T3 (Cr-P 0.1% + LPL 0.1%) were employed. For blood parameters, insulin concentration in T1 and T3 showed an elevating patterns from $3.13{\mu}U/mL$ to $3.35{\mu}U/mL$ (T1) and from $4.38{\mu}U/mL$ to $5.23{\mu}U/mL$ (T3). The changes of NEFA in all groups were detected as a decreasing patterns according to days of feeding. However, significant difference was not found. In growth performance, T2 showed greater daily gain and T1 showed greater carcass yield compared to others. However, there were no significance in difference. In meat quality, T1 showed greater yield and intra-muscular fat levels and lower sharing force compared to others. However, significant differences were not detected.