• 제목/요약/키워드: T-testing

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한국 NPL시장 수익률 예측에 관한 연구 (A study on the prediction of korean NPL market return)

  • 이현수;정승환;오경주
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.123-139
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    • 2019
  • 국내 NPL (Non performing loan) 시장은 1998년에 형성되었지만, 본격적으로 활성화 된 시기는 2009년으로 역사가 짧은 시장이다. 이로 인해 NPL 시장에 대한 연구도 아직까지는 활발히 진행되지 않고 있는 상황이다. 본 연구는 NPL 시장의 각 물건 별 기준 수익률 달성 유무를 예측할 수 있는 모델을 제안한다. 모델 구축에 사용되는 종속변수는 물건 별 최종 수익률이 기준 수익률 수치 도달 여부를 나타내는 이항변수를 사용하였고, 독립변수로는 물건의 특성을 나타내는 11개의 변수를 대상으로 one to one t-test와 logistic regression stepwise, decision tree를 수행하여 의미있는 7개의 독립변수를 선별하였다. 그리고 통상적으로 사용되는 기준 수익률 수치(12%)가 의미있는 기준 수치인지 확인하기 위해 수치 값을 조절해가며 종속변수를 산출하여 예측모델을 구축해보았다. 그 결과 12%의 기준 수익률 수치로 산출한 종속변수를 이용하여 구축한 예측모델의 평균 Hit ratio가 64.60%로 가장 우수하다는 결과를 얻었다. 다음으로 선별된 7개의 독립변수들과 12%를 기준으로한 수익률 달성유무 종속변수를 이용하여 판별분석, 로지스틱 회귀분석, 의사결정나무, 인공신경망, 유전자알고리즘 선형 모델의 5가지 방법론을 적용해 예측모델을 구축해보았다. 5가지 방법론으로 도출한 예측 모델 간 Hit ratio를 비교한 결과 인공신경망을 이용하여 구축한 예측모델의 Hit ratio가 67.4%로 가장 우수한 결과를 도출해내었다. 본 연구를 통해 추후 NPL시장 신규 물건 매매에 있어서 7가지의 독립변수들과 인공신경망 예측 모델을 활용하는 것이 효과적임을 증명하였다. 물건의 12% 수익률 달성 여부를 사전에 예측해봄으로써 유동화회사가 투자 의사결정을 하는 데에 도움을 줄 것으로 예상하며, 나아가 NPL 시장의 거래가 적정한 가격 선에서 진행됨으로 인해 유동성이 더욱 높아질 것이라 기대한다.

불소가 유리되는 교정용 전색제가 광중합형 및 화학중합형 교정용 접착제의 전단결합강도에 미치는 영향 (THE EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE RELEASING ORTHODONTIC SEALANT ON THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH Of LIGHT-AND CHEMICAL-CURED ORTHODONTIC RESINS)

  • 김봉현;윤영주;김광원
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.781-789
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    • 1997
  • 본 연구는 교정치료를 위해 최근에 발거된 소구치 65개를 대상으로 발거직후 부착된 이물질을 제거하고 생리식염수에 담구어 보관한 후 법랑질을 퍼미스 및 $38\%$ 인산으로 표면 처리하고 불소가 유리되는 교정용 전색제로는 광중합형 FluoroBond, 광중합 접착제로는 Transbond, 화학중합 접착제로는 Mono-Lok 2를 선정하여 1차 부착 및 재부착시의 전단결합강도를 만능강도시험기로 측정함으로서, 치아우식 예방 및 진행 억제효과를 지닌 불소가 유리되는 교정용 전색제가 광중합형 및 화학중합형 교정용 접착제의 전단결합강도에 미치는 영향과 재부착에 의한 전단결합강도의 변화를 규명하고, 광중합형 접착제와 화학중합형 접착제 사이의 전단결합강도를 비교하여 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 1. 1차부착에 의한 전단결합강도의 크기는 Mono-Lok2군(11.84MPa), Trans bond군(10.75MPa), Light cured FluoroBond+Mono-Lok 2군(9.69MPa), Light cured FluoroBond+Transbond군(9.39MPa)순이었다. 2. 재부착에 의한 전단결합강도의 크기는 Transbond군(7.40MPa), Light cured FluoroBond+Transbond군(6.48MPa), Mono-Lok 2군(5.89MPa), Light cured FluoroBond+Mono-Lok 2군(5.15MPa)순이었다. 3. 불소가 유리되는 교정용 전색제를 적용한군과 적용하지 않은 군 모두에서 화학중합형 접착제가 광중합형 접착제보다 높은 전단결합강도를 보였으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 4. 불소가 유리되는 교정용 전색제를 적용한군과 적용하지 않은 군 모두에서 재부착된 광중합형 접착제가 재부착된 화학중합형 접착제보다 높은 전단결합강도를 보였으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는없었다(p>0.05). 5. 1차 부착된 군에 비해 재부착된 모든 군에서 전단결합강도가 현저하게 감소되었으며, 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05 p<0.001). 이상의 결론을 종합해볼 때 임상적으로 브라켓의 전단결합강도에 경향을 미치지 않는 불소가 유리되는 교정용 전색제를 치아 협면에 적용하여 불소의 유리에 의한 치아우식 예방 및 억제효과를 기대하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

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글래스 아이오노머 이장재와 복합레진간의 결합강도에 관한 연구 (A STUDY ON THE BOND STRENGTHS BETWEEN GLASS IONOMER CEMENT BASES AND COMPOSITE RESINS)

  • 김민희;김신;정태성
    • 대한소아치과학회지
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.520-527
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    • 1999
  • 본 연구는 현재 널리 쓰이고 있는 sandwich technique을 임상에 적용함에 있어서, GIC 이장재에 대한 이중중합형 레진과 비교적 근래에 소개된 compomer의 결합력을 측정하여 기존의 광중합형, 화학중합형 복합레진과 비교하고, 가장 우수한 결합력을 보이는 glass ionomer-composite resin의 조합을 밝혀내고자 시도되었다. 이장용 재료로는, 광중합형 GIC인 Vitrebond와 화학중합형 GIC인 Ketac-fil을 사용하였으며, 이 두 가지의 이장재에 대해, 광중합형 복합 레진인 Z-100, 화학중합형 복합 레진인 Clearfil, compomer인 Dyract, 그리고 이중중합형 복합 레진인 Bis-core를 축조하여 각 군당 10개씩, 총 80개의 시편을 제작하였다. 제작된 시편은 $37^{\circ}C$의 증류수에 24시간동안 보관한 후, full load scale 50kg, cross-head speed 1mm/min 조건의 만능 시험기에서 그 전단결합강도를 측정하였으며 실험결과는 student t-test로 검정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Vitrebond를 이장재로 사용한 경우, Z-100이 가장 낮은 결합강도를 보였으며, 나머지 세 재료는 결합력의 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 2. Ketac-fil을 이장재로 사용한 경우, Clearfil이 가장 높은 결합강도를 보였고, Dyract, Bis-core가 중등도의 결합강도를, Z-100이 가장 낮은 결합강도를 보였다(P<0.05). 3. Clearfil은 Vitrebond 상방에서는 타 재료들과 비슷한 결합강도를 보였으나, Ketac-fil 상방에서는 가장 강한 결합강도를 보임으로써, GIC 이장재의 종류에 따른 결합력의 차이를 보였으나 (P<0.05), 나머지 세 재료의 경우에는 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 4. Vitrebond를 사용할 때보다 Ketac-fil을 이장재로 사용할 때, 상부에 축조되는 복합레진의 종류에 따른 결합력의 차이가 더 크게 나타났다(P<0.05).

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수분 흡수가 여러 레진계 치아고정 재료의 굴곡강도와 탄성계수에 미치는 영향 (Influence of water absorption on flexural strength and elastic modulus in several resinous teeth splinting materials)

  • 박배영;김수연;김진우;박세희;조경모
    • 구강회복응용과학지
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.72-79
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    • 2018
  • 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 수분 흡수가 여러 레진계 치아고정 재료의 굴곡강도와 탄성계수를 미치는 영향을 비교함으로써 물리적 성질에 대한 정보를 제공하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 치아고정에 사용하는 레진으로 LightFix, G-FIX, G-aenial Universal Flo를 이용했다. 가로 25 mm, 세로 2 mm, 높이 2 mm의 시편을 각 재료당 즉시용 15개과 에이징용 15개를 제작했다. 즉시용은 $37^{\circ}C$, 100% 상대습도에 24시간 동안 보관됐고 에이징용은 30일 동안 $37^{\circ}C$, 증류수에 보관했다. 만능시험기를 이용해 굴곡강도와 탄성계수를 측정했고 independent t-test를 이용해 각 실험 재료의 24시간 군과 30일 군 간 비교를 했다. 실험재료 간의 비교는 one-way ANOVA test로 분석했고 95% 유의 수준으로 Scheffe's test를 이용해 사후 검정했다. 결과: 본 연구의 결과 LighFix군에서는 에이징 후에 굴곡강도와 탄성계수가 유의하게 감소했고 G-FIX군에서는 에이징 후에 굴곡강도와 탄성계수에 유의한 차이가 없었다. G-aenial Universal Flo군에서는 굴곡강도는 유의하게 감소했으나 탄성계수는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 한편 굴곡강도와 탄성계수는 24시간 군, 30일 군 모두 LightFix가 가장 낮은 수치, G-aenial Universal Flo가 가장 높은 수치를 보였다. 결론: 어떤 레진의 굴곡강도와 탄성계수는 구강환경에서 에이징시 변화할 수 있으므로 동요치 고정을 목적으로 레진을 선택할 때 이를 고려해야 한다.

서울시내 석면함유 건축물 철거 현장 등에서의 효과적인 공기 중 석면농도 측정을 위한 연구 (A Study on the Efficient Measurement of Airborne Asbestos Concentrations at Demolition Sites of Asbestos Containing Buildings, etc. in Seoul)

  • 이진효;이수현;김정연;김지희;정숙녀;김진아;오석률;김익수;신진호;어수미;정권;이진숙
    • 한국산업보건학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.113-121
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This study is intended to seek credible and efficient measurements on airborne asbestos concentrations that allow immediate action by establishing complementary data through comparative analysis with existing PCM and KF-100 method real-time monitoring equipment in working areas in Seoul where asbestos-containing buildings are being demolished, including living environment surroundings. Materials: We measured airborne asbestos concentrations using PCM and KF-100 at research institutes, monitoring networks, subway stations and demolition sites of asbestos-containing buildings. Through this measurement data and KF-100 performance testing, we drew a conversion factor and applied it via KF-100. Finally we verified the relationship between PCM and KF-100 with statistical methods. Results: The airborne asbestos concentrations by PCM for the objects of study were less than the detection limit(7 fiber/$mm^2$) in three (20%) out of 15 samples. The highest concentration was 0.009 f/cc. The airborne asbestos concentrations by PCM in laboratories, monitoring networks, subway stations and demolition sites of asbestos-containing buildings were respectively $0.002{\pm}0.000$ f/cc, $0.004{\pm}0.001$ f/cc, $0.009{\pm}0.001$ f/cc, and $0.002{\pm}0.000$ f/cc. As a result of KF-100 performance testson rooftops, the conversion factor was 0.1958. Applying the conversion factor to KF-100 for laboratories, the airborne asbestos concentrations ratio of the two ways was nearly 1:1.5($R^2$=0.8852). Also,the airborne asbestos concentration ratio of the two ways was nearly 1:1($R^2$=0.9071) for monitoring networks, subway stations, and demolition sites of asbestos-containing buildings. As a result of independent sample t-tests, there was no distinction between airborne asbestos concentrations monitored in the two ways. Conclusions: In working areas where asbestos-containing buildings are being demolished, including living environment surroundings, quickly and accurately monitoring airborne asbestos scattered in the air around the working area is highly important. For this, we believea mutual interface of existing PCM and a real-time monitoring equipment method is possible.

봉독이 피부 노화에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Bee Venom Therapy on Skin Aging)

  • 김진명;김윤범
    • 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.27-40
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    • 2010
  • Background and Objective : Increasing interest in anti-aging and anti-wrinkling agents for the skin has triggered the recent outflow of researches and studies in this field. This study was designed to investigate the effects of bee venom on skin wrinkling and skin aging by testing the skin wrinkling, skin elasticity, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), free radical level, anti-oxidative agent level, and skin tissue after infusion of bee venom on hairless mouse. Materials and Methods : Fifteen hairless mice aged between 36~40 weeks were divided randomly into 3 Group; the Bee Venom Syringe Group, the Bee Venom Needle Group, and the control group. The Bee Venom Syringe Group were injected subcutaneously with bee venom (0.1cc in total) using an insulin syringe on three spots in the lumbar spine (one spot on the center and two spots 1~2cm to the side bilaterally). The Bee Venom Needle Group were pricked with bee venom-smeared acupuncture needles on three longitudinal spots in the lumbar spine each 1cm apart, after which the needles were removed 10 minutes later. The Control Group did not receive any form of intervention. All procedures took place thrice a week for four weeks, during which the mice were allowed free access to water and fodder. The mice were measured and compared in the weight, skin wrinkling scale, skin elasticity, and TEWL before and after the experiment. After the experiment, blood samples were taken to measure the free radical and anti-oxidative agent level, and the skin tissue was sliced for examination. Data was analyzed using the SPSS program (ver 12.0). The ANOVA analysis was used to compare and contrast the three groups, and t-test for paired samples was used to evaluate skin-wrinkling before and after experiment. The cut-off p-value of significance was set at p<0.05. Results : 1. Administration of bee venom did not cause serious weight loss or gain. 2. Compared to the control group, the Bee Venom Syringe Group and the Bee Venom Needle Group both showed a decrease in skin wrinkling scale after intervention. Especially, the Bee Venom Syringe Group showed a significant decrease (p<0.05). 3. Compared to the control group, the Bee Venom Syringe Group and the Bee Venom Needle Group both showed an increase in skin elasticity. Especially, the Bee Venom Syringe Group showed a significant increase (p<0.05). 4. No significant change in TEWL was found in the mice in all the three groups before and after experiment. 5. Free radical level was normal in all 15 mice in all the three groups, and anti-oxidative agent was not significantly different across the three groups. 6. The Bee Venom Syringe Group, the Bee Venom Needle Group, and the control group did not show any significant difference in the thickness of epidermis and dermis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and skin wrinkling. The epidermis layer was relatively better preserved in the Bee Venom Syringe Group as compared to the Bee Venom Needle Group and the control group. Conclusion : Direct injection of bee venom on the hairless mouse using a syringe was found to improve wrinkling of the skin and increase skin elasticity but did not show effectiveness on skin dryness due to water loss. The bee venom appears to have suppressive effects on skin wrinkling, one of the symptoms of skin aging, through a process independent of suppression of free radicals or increase of anti-oxidative agent.

수수×수단그라스 재배시 녹비작물 혼입에 따른 새만금간척지 토양환경 개선 효과 (Incorporation Effect of Green Manure Crops on Improvement of Soil Environment on Saemangeum Reclaimed Land during Sorghum×Sudangrass Hybrid Cultivation)

  • 양창휴;이장희;백남현;정재혁;조광민;이상복;이경보
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제45권5호
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    • pp.744-748
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 새만금간척지에서 동계 녹비작물 헤어리베치를 재배하여 토양에 환원 후 관행시비 (NPK), 녹비혼입구는 질소 추비기준량 ($100kg\;ha^{-1}$) 대비 30 50 70 100% 감비, 질소무시비로 처리하여 사료용 수수$\times$수단그라스 (G7) 재배시 토양이화학성, 토양염농도, 생육 및 수량성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 공시토양은 유기물, 유효인산 함량이 매우 적고 치환성마그네슘 나트륨 함량이 많은 강알칼리성 염류토양 이었다. 헤어리베치 혼입시 생체중 $18,345kg\;ha^{-1}$, T-N 3.09% 및 탄질률 12.8를 나타냈다. 동계 하계작물 재배기간 동안 토양염농도는 0.1%이하로 염피해는 없었다. 수수${\times}$수단그라스 생초수량 및 건물수량은 N30%감비 > 관행시비 > N50%감비 > N70%감비 > N100%감비 > N무시비 순으로 높았다. 생초 및 건물수량성은 관행시비 ($55,050kg\;ha^{-1}$, $16,250kg\;ha^{-1}$) 대비 N30% 감비에서 7%, 9% 증수되었다. 시험 후 용적밀도가 낮아지고 공극률이 증대되었다. 또한 pH가 낮아졌고, 유기물, 유효인산 및 치환성칼슘 함량은 증가하였으며 치환성칼륨 나트륨 함량은 감소하였다. 따라서 새만금 간척지에서 수수${\times}$수단그라스 재배시 녹비직물헤어리베치 토양환원으로 질소비료 질감 및 토양환경 개선효과를 기대할 수 있었다.

해외진출 국내 프랜차이즈기업의 조직특성 (Organizational Factors Facilitating the Internationalization of Korean Franchising Companies)

  • 임영균;이동휘;김희정
    • 마케팅과학연구
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.40-52
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    • 2009
  • Franchising is one of the fastest growing types of business. It is already popular and well-known in the U.S., and has been growing in many other countries including Korea. Furthermore, many Korean franchising companies have expanded their business overseas actively. According to the data by the Ministry of Industry and Resource, 82 companies out of a sample of 500 franchising companies are already operating in many foreign countries and 48% of them have started their foreign business since 2006. This clearly indicates the fast growing current trend of foreign operation by Korean franchising companies. In spite of the fast growing trend of foreign expansion in the industry, academic research on internationalization of franchising companies is extremely difficult to find. Accordingly, academic research on the issue is necessary and urgent in Korea. Among the various research questions on internationalization of franchising business, this study intends to investigate the difference in organizational factors between the franchising companies doing foreign operation and those doing business only domestically. More specifically, this research has the following purposes. First, considering the lack of theoretical basis of previous studies, resource-based theory and agency theory are employed as the theoretical bases. Second, this study explains the difference in internationalization based on organizational factors such as company size, history and growth rate. Third, the five hypotheses regarding the difference in organizational factors are presented and tested empirically, which is the first attempt in the area of this topic. Finally, the study attempts to clarify the conflicting implications among theories regarding some organizational factos such as growth rate. As the theoretical background, resource-based theory and agency theory are discussed. According to resource-based theory, a firm can grow continuously when it has competence and resource, and also the ability to develop them. The competence and resource can include capital, human resource, management skill, market information, ability to manage risk, etc. Meanwhile, agency theory views the relationship between franchisor and franchisee as an agency relationship. In agency theory, bonding capability and monitoring capability are the two key factors which promote internationalization of franchising companies. Based on the two theories, a conceptual model is designed. The model consists of two groups of variables. One is organizational factors including size, history, growth rate, price bonding and geographic dispersion. The other is whether a franchising company is operating overseas or not. We developed the following five research hypotheses basically describing the relationship between organizational factors and internationalization of franchising companies. H1: The size of franchising companies operating overseas is larger than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H2: The history of franchising companies operating overseas is longer than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H3: The growth rate of franchising companies operating overseas is higher than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H4: The price bonding of franchising companies operating overseas is higher than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H5: The geographic dispersion of franchising companies operating overseas is wider than that of franchising companies operating domestically. Data for the analyses are obtained from 2005 Korea Franchise Survey data co-generated by Ministry of Industry and Resource, GS1 Korea, and Korea Franchise Association. Out of 2,804 population companies, 2,489 companies are excluded for various reasons and 315 companies are selected as the final sample. Prior to hypotheses tests, validity and reliability of the measures of size, history, growth rate and price bonding are examined for further analyses. Geographic dispersion is not validated since it is measured using nominal data. A series of independent sample T-tests is used to find out whether there exists any significant difference between the companies internationalized and those operating only domestically for each organizational factor. Among the five factors, size and geographic dispersion show significant difference, growth rate and price bonding do not reveal any difference and, finally, history factor shows conflicting results in the difference depending on how to measure it.

    shows the summary statistics for hypotheses testing. In conclusion, the results show that the size and history, which are the key variables in resource-based theory, have a significant relationship with internationalization and that geographic area, which belongs to agency theory, also has a strong relationship with internationalization. The results support the findings of extant research and, therefore, prove the usefulness of resource-based theory and agency theory in explaining internationalization of franchising companies. However, growth rate and price-bonding do not show a clear difference between the two types of companies. Accordingly, these two factors need further attention in the future research. Although this study shows meaningful findings theoretically and practically, it has several limitations. First, only organizational factors are considered even if there are various environmental factors influencing franchising firm's internationalization. Second, only being internationalized or not is considered. That is, modes of entry and the size of foreign operations are not included in the study. Third, internationalization strategy is often determined based on the desire for business expansion and higher profitability and egoistical reasons of the CEOs. However, this type of factors belonging to behavioral science is not discussed in the study. Finally, organizational ecology perspective is usefully applicable in explaining the survival and performance of internationally operating companies. Accordingly, research propositions based on this perspective need to be developed and tested.

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  • 지지간호가 군 요통환자의 우울ㆍ기분ㆍ만족에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Supportive Nursing Care on Depression, Mood and Satisfaction in Military Patients with Low Back Pain)

    • 김정아
      • 대한간호학회지
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      • 제20권3호
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      • pp.324-340
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      • 1990
    • Support has always been considered an important nursing concept. However, there is no agreement among nurse researchers as to a conceptual definition of supportive nursing or meaningful supportive behaviors. Clarification of the concept, support in nursing, is necessary to promote communication among nurses on nursing behaviors that are effective in providing support and on understanding the relevant properties and charcteristics of the concept, supportive nursing care. The objectives of the study were : 1. to analyse the concept, support in nursing, in order to provide a definition of supportive nursing care, and 2. to operationalize the definition of supportive nursing care and use it as an experimental nursing intervention for patients with low back pain. The first part of the study used the concept analysis approach developed by Walker and Avant(1983) to define the concept of supportive nursing care. The properties of supportive nursing care, defined by this analysis, included perception of supportive need, reciprocal interaction(Transaction), listening, providing empathy and information related to health, and confirmation of the patient's verbal and non - verbal response. The second part, the experimental part of the study, was done using King's(1970) Interpersonal Theory for Nursing. The concept, supportive nursing care, as defined in the concept analysis was operationalized and used as the experimental intervention. The experiment tested the effectiveness of the independent variable, supportive nursing care on the dependent variables, depression, mood and patient satisfaction, in the patients with low back pain in army hospitals. The instruments used to measure the dependent variables were Zung's(1965) Self- Rating Depression Scale, Ryman and Colleagues'(1974) Mood Questionnaire and LaMonica and Colleagues'(1986) Patient Satisfaction Scale. The experimental design used for this study was a Solomon 4 group experimental design. This design has the strength of allowing for observation of the main effects of supportive nursing care and pretesting, and for observation of the interaction effects of pretesting and supportive nursing care. The design includes one experimental group and three control groups. The Subjects of this study were 150 young male patients with low back pain on Neuro - Surgical Wards in three general army hospitals. There were 35 in the experimental group, 39 in the pre - posttest control group, 36 in the treatment - posttest control group and 40 in the posttest only control group. Supportive nursing care, as operationalized by the researcher according to the concept analysis, was given to the patients in the experimental group and the treatment -posttest control group, individually for 30 minute sessions, every other day for 5 days. Data collection was done using a questionnaire. The data were collected in a pretest one week before the supportive nursing care sessions, a posttest immediately after the sessions and follow- up test one week later. Hypotheses testing was done using 2×2 factorial analysis of variance and Meta analysis(Stouffer's Z method). The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Hypothesis Ⅰ, “There will be a difference on depression level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who do not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (F=8.49, p<.05). 2. Hypothesis Ⅱ, “There will be a difference on mood level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who to not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (Z meta=2.17, p<.05). 3. Hypothesis Ⅲ, “There will be a difference on satisfaction level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who do not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (F=13.67, p<.05). 4. ANOVA, done to examine the interaction effect of history and maturation, showed no significant difference on the dependent variables between the observations of the pretest scores of the experimental group, the pretest scores of the pre- posttest control group and the posttest score of the posttest only control group. 5. To test for continuing effect of supportive nursing care, paired t-test was done to compare the scores for the dependent variables at the posttest and at the one week later follow-up test. No significant difference on the scores for the dependent variables was found between the posttest scores and the follow-up test scores for the two groups that received supportive nursing care, the experimental group and the treatment-posttest control group. In conclusion, it was found that in the case of young soldiers with low back pain in army hospitals, their depression level was decreased, their mood state was changed positively and their satisfaction level was increased by receiving supportive nursing care. Further, the effectiveness of the supportive nursing care lasted for at least one week in this study. The significance of this study to nursing is in the analysis of the concept of supportive nursing care and the demonstration of the effectiveness of supportive nursing care as an intervention within the limits of the study.

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    수직사이로에 있어 MB훈증제의 침투확산성 및 살충효과 시험 (Studies on the Penetration, Diffusion Ability and Effect of Insects Control Using the Methyl Bromide in the Vertical Silo)

    • 하재규;김진태;조남길;김병호
      • 한국응용곤충학회지
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      • 제20권4호
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      • pp.212-216
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      • 1981
    • 이 시험은 수직 사이로에 충진된 옥수수를 대상으로 M.B를 사용하여 자연중력하에서 소독할 때 M.B가스의 침투확산성 및 살충효과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 사이로 표층의 M.B가스 농도는 투약후 2시간후부터 100mg/l 이상에서 20mg/l 이하로 급격히 감소하였다. 2. 사이로 표층으로부터 3m 깊이 지점의 M.B가스 농도는 투약후 12시간이후 100mg/l 이상에서 30mg/l 이하로 감소되었으며 표층의 고농도 M.B가스가 불과 30분 이내에 3m 깊이 까지 침투되었음을 알 수 있었다. 3. 사이로 표층으로부터 고농도의 M.B가스는 13m 깊이 지점까지 1시간 이내에 침투되었으며 투약후 48시간까지 지속적으로 100mg/l 이상$\~$40mg/l 이상의 M.B가스가 검지되는 것으로 보아 자연중력하에서 옥수수를 소독하는 경우 13m 깊이 부근에 M.B 가스의 고농도 대를 형성하는 것으로 추측된다. 4. 사이로 기부(21m 지점)의 M.B가스는 $4\~20mg/l$에 불과했던 것으로 보아 M.B의 침투가 아주 적었던 것으로 판단되어진다. 5. M.B 가스의 횡 확산성은 수직 침투성에 비하여 매우 적었으며 사이로 길이 3m의 경우 투약방향으로부터 약 13m지점의 qdnl는 중심부의 약 $\frac{1}{2}$, 그리고 깊이 13m 지점에서는 지점에서는 $\frac{1}{15}\~\frac{1}{20}$의 농도에 불과하였다. 6. 투약후 24시간만에 조사한 사이로의 표층 및 기부(21m 지점)에 삽입 했던 공시충(거짓쌀도둑)은 모두 사멸되었으며 48시간후에 조사한 3m, 7m, 및 13m 지점의 공시충도 모두 사충으로 발견되었다.

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