• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.118-131
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• 1995

The shock fracture analysis for the structures of navy vessels subject to underwater explosions or of high speed vessels frequently subject to impact loads has been carried out in two steps such as the global or macro analysis and the fine or micro analysis. In the macro analysis, Doubly Asymptotic Approximation(DAA) has been applied. The three main failure modes of structure members subject to strong shock loading are late time fracture mode such as plastic large deformation mainly due to dynamic plastic buckling, and the early time fracture mode such as tensile tearing failure or transverse shear failure. In this paper, the tensile tearing failure mode is numerically analyzed for the micro analysis by calculating the dynamic stress intensity factor $K_I(t)$, which shows the relation between stress wave and crack propagation on the longitudinal stiffener of the model. Especially, in calculating this factor, the numerical caustic method developed from shadow optical method of caustic well known as experimental method is used. The fully submerged vessel is adopted for the macro analysis at first, of which the longitudinal stiffener, subject to early shock pressure time history calculated in macro analysis, is adopted for the micro analysis.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2002

The recent development of embodiment technology of the medical images makes most medical institutions introduce PACS(Picture Archiving and Communication System) in haste. However lots of PACS solutions, currently developed and distributed, haven't been able to serve the convenience of users and to satisfy user's demand because of economic limitations and administrator-oriented considerations in the process of development. So we have developed MIH(Medical Image History), by which we can search and refer to the patient's medical images and information with few restrictions of time and space for diagnosis and treatment. This program will contribute to the improvement in the medical environment and meet the clients' need. We'll make more effort to develop the application which insures the better quality of medical images. MIH manages the patient's image files and medical records like film chart in connection with time. This trial will contribute to the reduction of the economical loss caused by unnecessary references and improve the quality in the medical services. The demand on the development or the program which refers to the medical +ata quickly and keeps them stable will be continued by the medical institute. This will satisfy the client's demand and improve the service to the patients in that tile program will be modified from the standpoint of the users. MIH is trying to keep user-oriented policy and to apply the benefit of the analog system to the digital environment. It is necessary to lead the public to the better understanding that the systematic management and referring of the medical images is as important as the quality of the images.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.122-134
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to know the blood stasis pattern for the patients who had hysterectomy. Methods: Among the patients who had hysterectomy in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, OO medical center from March 3rd 2009 to October 21st 2009, subjects who met inclusion criteria and submitted appropriate questionnaire. We compared blood stasis score and operational method, age, BMI, past operation history of abdominal and pelvic site, parity, whether adhesiolysis, oriental medicine intervention was done. For statistics, we used independent samples t-test, oneway analysis of variances(ANOVA) and SPSS version 13.0 for windows. Results: Blood stasis score of the subtotal hysterectomy group ($44.43{\pm}15.01$) is higher than that of the total hysterectomy group($39.04{\pm}12.46$). Blood stasis score under the age 40($51.88{\pm}12.68$) is higher than 40-49 age patients($40.34{\pm}14.24$) and over the age 50 patients($41.62{\pm}13.46$). There is no statistically significant difference between laparoscopic and abdominal trial, whether adhesiolysis, oriental medicine intervention was done, BMI, past operation history abdominal and pelvic site, parity, chief complaint before hysterectomy, oriental medicine intervention. Conclusion: Through the results showed, when traditional Korean medical doctors use static blood medication, history of hysterectomy and age should be considered as the history of subtotal hysterectomy and younger age tend to have a higher rate of a blood stasis pattern. We need a further study to develop blood stasis indicators with a validated questionnaire, and more subjects involved at multiple institutions.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.115-130
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• 2000

This study was conducted to examine health behaviors in hypertensive patients and the factors that would affect these healthy life-styles. and to provide basic data for effective and continuous hypertension control in private medical facilities. Among those patients diagnosed as hypertension who had visited the Department of Internal Medicine of Yeungnam University Hospital during the two month period from August 2 to September 30, 1999, the present study included 222 patients who were in more than one month after the initial diagnosis of hypertension and those who had hypertension for less than 10 years. Using a structured questionnaire, the present study was conducted by a self-administered survey method, and the obtained data were analyzed with t-test, $x^2$-test and one-way analysis of variance using the SPSS statistical program. The scores on knowledge related to hypertension were higher as the education level of a patient was higher(p〈0.05). As for occupation, those who performed office or management jobs showed higher scores than those who were into manufacturing jobs, and as for economic status, although those patients who were in middle class showed highest scores, however, no statistical significance was observed. The scores of knowledge on hypertension was higher when the family history of hypertension was present(p〈0.05). The scores of health-related behaviors were higher with higher education level and higher economic status, higher in those with family history of hypertension, and higher in those with office or management jobs than those who had manufacturing jobs(p〈0.05). Blood pressure measurement on regular basis was performed most frequently in those who were between 50-59 years old with 83.3% and was least frequent in those who were older than 70 years old with 50%(p〈0.05). The frequency of regular blood pressure measurement was higher with higher education level, higher economic status, higher in those with family history of hypertension, and the highest in those with management position with 93.5%, however, on statistical significance was observed. Changes in health-related behaviors after hypertension diagnosis were higher with higher education level, higher economic status, and in those patients performed office or management work. In particular, diet change was observed in female and higher economic status and smoking cessation was observed in 60-69 years old. Housewives and office workers or managers have taken exercise more regularly and those who had management jobs and had high scores on knowledge related to hypertension would participate health education program more actively. Thus, for improving health-related behaviors for continuous management of hypertension, changes in health-related behaviors can be followed through conduction health education to improve understanding of knowledge related to hypertension as the method of helping to improve changes in health life-styles in those with little education and those in low economic status.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.53
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• pp.35-61
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• 2017

The formation process of Dasan(茶山)'s Yi Xue(易學) in Xinghuxuepai(星湖學派) was examined. Dasan(茶山)'s Yi Xue(易學) succeeded to the methods of Huti (互體) and Yaobian(爻變) from Seong-ho(星湖) and Ha-bin(河濱), and Dasan(茶山) thought that he couldn't cover Zhouyi("周易") just with this one method. So he suggested the four methods called Yilisifa(易理四法), and supplemented it with 18 methods through Duyiyaozhi(?讀易要旨?). Accordingly, the process of how Dasan(茶山)'s Yi Xue(易學) was established was examined one by one. Dasan(茶山) succeeded to the method of Huti(互體) from Seong-ho Lee Ik(星湖李瀷), the leading master of Xinghuxuepai(星湖學派). Nevertheless, Dasan(茶山) argued that the method of Huti(互體) had been from Zhu Xi(朱子). However, this argument of Dasan(茶山)'s seems to have resulted from Zhengzu(正祖)'s academic research policy. As a way to interpret Zhouyi(?周易?), Dasan(茶山) succeeded to the method of Yaobian(爻變) from Ha-bin(河濱). However, Dasan(茶山) argued that Yaobian(爻變)was Zhu Xi(朱子)'s intention. He had no choice but this because of Zhengzu(正祖)'s academic research policy. Dasan(茶山) succeeded to the method of Huti(互體) from Seong-ho(星湖) and Yaobian(爻變) from Ha-bin(河濱), but Dasan(茶山) proposed the four key methods called Yilisifa(易理四法). Many researchers have argued that, as for Dasan(茶山)'s modern viewpoint, Dasan(茶山) developed Yi Xue(易學) in a similar way as Xihe Mauqiling(西河 毛奇齡). However, this viewpoint cannot be judged to have been similar as it was expressed when Dasan(茶山) himself criticized Xihe(西河)'s Jingxueguan(經學觀).

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.250-256
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• 2018

Oxygen-free copper (OFC) was prepared as a 90 mm cube and then processed with Multi-Axial Diagonal Forging - Initialization of Prior manufacturing History (MADF). The MADF process has been newly developed as a severe plastic deformation method. The MADF process consists of upset forging with a thickness reduction of 30% and diagonal forging with a diagonal angle of $135^{\circ}$. 1 cycle process consists of a 12 passes forging process. In order to analyze the characteristic changes according to the number of iterations, 1, 2, and 3 cycles of the MADF process were performed. The OFC specimens were MADF processed without surface cracks up to 3 cycles. The microstructure, hardness and tensile test of processed materials were analyzed to study the change of material properties according to the amount of MADF process. The results showed that the MADF process effectively refined the microstructure and increased the strength of OFC. In the case of specimens processed for more than 2 cycles, the grains of all measurement regions were refined to be less than $7{\mu}m$ of grain size. The 1 cycle MADF processed OFC showed the highest mechanical properties with the hardness of 132 HV and tensile strength of 395 MPa. Hardness and strength seemed to be saturated when processed over 2 cycles.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2003

Objective: Hapkok(L14) and Taechung(Liv3) are acupuncture points located on both sides of each foot and hand of the human body. These two points are called sakwan points. Matching these acupuncture points have a significant reason in pints of not only regulating the circulation of Yin-Yang as a source point of each meridian, but also playing a basic role of twelve meridian by controlling circulation of ki and blood in the whole body. There are already related documents and studies on stimulating sakwan points. Since those papers mostly studied on either hapkook or taechung, we came to have a doubt of stimulation the two point at the same time when an unbalance of Yin-Yang and ki-blood appears. Accordingly, we got to investigate how thermogram of body changes after applying an acupuncture on sakwan points. Our study is as follows ; Method : Our study was performed on 30 normal cases(M:F=17:13) with no past history to observe the effects of the acupuncture. We measured temperature of abdomen and the back of both hands by D.I.T.I(Digital infrared Thermographic Imaging) before and after acupuncture on sakwan points. Results and Conclusions: The thermographic change on abdomen was $0.51{\pm}0.71^{\circ}C$. Temperature of abdomen after acupuncture was higher than before acupuncture with high validity(p<0.01). And the thermographic changes on the back of both hands were right hand $0.54{\pm}1.17^{\circ}C$, left hand $0.56{\pm}1.28^{\circ}C$. Temperature on the back of both hands after acupuncture was higher than before acupuncture, but the difference between them had little validity(p<0.01). In addition, we found that it doesn't necessarily follow that the thermographic changes on abdomen and back of both hands after acupuncture on sakwan points happen concurrently.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.53-78
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• 1988

The purpose of this study is to verify the factors determining core journals in a field based upon the results of the citation analysis of the journals in the field of Korean History(KH). In order to verify the determinant factors, dividing the articles of the KH journals into their novelty and author's seniority, the following hypotheses were established. Hypothesis 1: When a KH journal publishes more articles on prehistoric and ancient eras than others, the journal will have higher chance to be included in the core journals. Hypothesis 2: When a KH journal publishes more articles by senior researchers than others, the journal will have higher chance to be included in the core journals. To achieve the purpose, the cited articles found in the two sample journals, namely, Backsan Hakbo and Hanguksa Yongu were analysed during the past 20 years from 1962 to 1981. Applying the Hirst's Discipline Impact Factor method to the the study, Historical Science Impact Factor(HSIF) on the samples itself and the historical era dealt with in the articles and the seniority of the authors during every five-year period. Based upon thr present study to ver~fy the two hypotheses, the following conclusions have been reached. 1) Tht. most influencing sublect mattcr era or1 thix liSIF of the lo~lrual is arranged in prehistoric arid ancient, Koryo, Chosun, recent era, and the others by order of era. 2 ) Clial~g~~lg a fringe or semicore journal u~to a core j ~ u r n a l , very IISIF' 011 it> article e r a 1s grown up arrd prcllistoric a ~ ~ d ancierlt era:. are, s p c c ~ a l l ~ , incr.eased high relatively. Char~ging a core journal int:~ a fr~ngr or semicort. journal, t.very IISIF ti dropped and prel~istc~ric and ancieut taras arc, fallen sharp relatively. 3) The most irlflr~encin~ s~niority 011 the t1SII- of ihc journal I. the senior.., written or1 prehistoric and ancient eras. Above all, the senilir'b HSIF olr prehistoric anti anclent e r a s a r e most ~nfluencing the cliangi~rg of the core journal into the fringe ur bemicore. .i) flypothesis fl is no1 vcrif~ed i r t general. T l ~ e rt, lative connections bet wee^^ the senior's HSIF 011 each era and tht, ~ l ~ a l ~ g i t l g of the tort. ji1ur.tia1 arc \:er~fied in part hut r~ot in the wliole. 5) 'The reason why the 11SIF or1 prehistori~. arid ar~cic~nt e r a s is higl~er than others can be assumed becaltic the new <, xcavations a r r contit~ued actively i l l the prrsr.llt as to the relics arid remains or1 that eras. Accordingly, the HSIF' r i l l thr 11ew 3ubject matter l~ke arcl~acmlogy trends to grow up greatly. Bctween the senior's and juriior's JISIE', junior'.; is higl~er than s., nior's except ancient e r a . That reason can be assumed bccausr Iunlorb t r j to solve the ex~sting problems thr~urglr their ow11 new viewpoints and sights. So, i t should be studied whether the 11SlF on the artic1t.s of the new subject matters and viewpoirrts is influenced to the changing of the core jorlrnal or not.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.321-337
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to obtain basic data for the prevention and control of adolescent back pain through analyzing connections between study environments and physical posture. The subjects were 960 male general high school students in the Chonju area and the data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire from Mar. 17 to Mar. 22, 1999. The collected data were analyzed by a frequency, chi-square and t-test using an SPSS program. The results are as follows; 1) The experience rate of back pain perceived by subjects was 67.5% and by each grade: 1st-27.5%, 2nd-35.4%, 3rd-37.1%. The relationship between grades and the experience of back pain didn't show any significant difference. 2) The causes of back pain perceived by subjects such as 'postures are not good' was 56.7%, 'sitting too much time in a chair' was 39.1%, and 'too severe exercise' was 32.4%. 27.8% had back pain first during the 3rd grade of middle school, and 23.9% had it first during the 1st grade of high school. 3) Intensity of subjects' back pain spread from 'moderate' at 49.6%, to 'severe' at 16.4%. Concerning the frequency of back pain, 58.6% said it was 'irregalar'. 4) Among interventions to deal with back pain: 'move by exercising my back or ask friends to beat my back' was 41.0%, 'just bear it' was 23.1%, and at home 'don't have 'any treatment' was ranked first, at 54.9%. 5) The relationship between subjects' general characteristics and back pain experiences: height (t=-1.99, P=.046), sitting/height (t=-2.61, P=.009), self-perceived condition of health (${\chi}^2=23.530$, P=.000), family history (${\chi}^2=43.903$, P=.000) showed significant difference, but the kinds of transportation, sleeping postures, sleeping method and smoking didn't show significant differences. 6) The relationship between subjects' learning environment and back pain experiences, the height of students' desk and chair showed significant difference (${\chi}^2=23.054$, P=.000), but the sitting time didn't show significant difference. 7) The relationship between the characteristics of subjects' physical postures and back pain experiences: standing postures (${\chi}^2=15.105$, P=.001), and sitting postures (${\chi}^2=20.264$X2, P=.001) showed significant difference, but lifting postures didn't show significant difference.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.319-326
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• 2003

Objectives : A Pregnancy becomes a developmental challenge and a life-turning point for both the woman herself and her family. The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation amomg the family support, intention of pregnancy and the antenatal self-care of pregnant women. Method : The data were collected from 129 pregnant women by a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, using the SPSS program. Result : The findings of the study are as fellows : Statistically significant variables related to family support were age, religion, educational level, occupation, relationship with husband, relationship with mother. Statistically significant variables related to intention of pregnancy were religion, abortion history. Statistically significant variables related to antenatal self-care were age, religion, occupation, abortion history, relationship with mother, the term of marriage. There was a significant correlation between family support and intention of pregnancy, family support and antenatal self-care, intention of pregnancy and antenatal self-care. Conclusion : Therefore, it is proposed that family support is an appropriate nursing intervention to improve the antenatal self-care and intention of pregnancy in pregnant women.