• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.717-734
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• 2015

In this paper, we provide a classification of arithmetic functions in terms of identically-free-distributedness, determined by a fixed prime. We show then such classifications are free from the choice of primes. In particular, we obtain that the algebra $A_p$ of equivalence classes under the quotient on A by the identically-free-distributedness is isomorphic to an algebra $\mathbb{C}^2$, having its multiplication $({\bullet});(t_1,t_2){\bullet}(s_1,s_2)=(t_1s_1,t_1s_2+t_2s_1)$.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제22권1_2호
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• pp.549-555
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• 2006

Using a t-norm, the notion of T-fuzzy subalgebras of right K(G)-algebras is introduced, and fundamental properties are investigated. The fact that T-fuzzy subalgebras of a right K(G)-algebra form a complete lattice is proved.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.647-650
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• 2009

For a bounded operator T = $U{\mid}T{\mid}$ (polar decomposition), we consider a transform b $\widehat{T}$ = ${\mid}T{\mid}U$ and discuss the convergence of iterated transform of $\widehat{T}$ under the strong operator topology. We prove that such iteration of quasiaffine hyponormal operator converges to a normal operator under the strong operator topology.

• 청정기술
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2002

제지슬러지를 지렁이에게 급이하여 생산된 분변토의 하 폐수 고도처리용 담체로의 적용 가능성에 대하여 알아보았다. 먼저 폐수를 일반 활성슬러지법으로 운전한 후 이를 담체와 유입수의 조건을 달리하여 영양 염류의 제거 효율을 알아보았다. 담체를 적용하기 전엔 T-P및 T-N의 제거율은 각각 평균 52%와 31%정도로 나타났다. Pellet 형 및 pack 형으로 제조된 두 종류의 분변토 담체를 적용한 후에는 T-P의 경우는 제거효율이 약 1.3~1.4배 증가하였으며 T-N의 제거효율은 약 1.9 ~ 2.0 배 증가하여 상당히 뛰어난 영양염류의 제거 효율을 보여주었다. 또한, T-N 및 T-P의 제거효율은 담체의 종류에는 큰 영향을 받지 않아 다양한 미생물이 서식하는 분변토는 성형 방법에 관계없이 뛰어난 성능을 보임을 알 수 있었다. 반면, 담체 적용 전후의 BOD 및 COD의 제거 효율은 큰 차이가 없었다. 본 연구를 통하여 분변토로 제조된 담체는 하 폐수 고도처리용 담체로의 활용 가능성이 매우 높은 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.23-37
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• 2022

Thirty-six weaned piglets with an initial body weight (BW) of 8.43 ± 0.40 kg (28 days of age, ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) were randomly assigned to 6 treatments for a 2-week feeding trial to determine the effects of different inorganic zinc (IZ), organic zinc (OZ) or combination of low crude protein diet (LP) and Mixed feed additive (MFA) on diarrhea score, nutrient digestibility, zinc utilization, blood profiles, organ weight, and fecal microflora in weaned piglet diet. The pigs were individually placed in 45 × 55 × 45 cm stainless steel metabolism cages in an environmentally controlled room (30 ± 1℃). The dietary treatments included a negative control (NC), positive control (PC; zinc oxide, 1,000 mg/kg), T1 (IZ : OZ, 850 : 150), T2 (IZ : OZ 700 : 300), T3 (IZ : OZ, 500 : 500), and T4 (LP + MFA [0.1% Essential oils + 0.08% Protease + 0.02% Xylanase]). The daily feed allowance was adjusted to 2.7 times the maintenance requirement for digestible energy (2.7 × 110 kcal of DE/kg BW^0.75). This allowance was divided into two equal parts, and the piglets were fed at 08 : 30 and 17 : 30 each day. Water was provided ad libitum through a drinking nipple. The diarrhea score was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in NC treatment compared with other treatments. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), and gross energy (GE) was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the T2 treatment compared with the PC and NC treatments in week 1. In week 2, the ATTD of DM, N, and GE was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the NC treatment compared with other treatments. The T3 treatment had significantly higher (p < 0.05) ATTD and apparent ileal digestibility of zinc than the PC and T1 treatments. The Escherichia coli count in feces was significantly decreased in the T4 treatment compared with the NC and T2 treatments. The Lactobacillus count in feces was significantly increased in the T4 and T1 treatment compared with the T2 and T3 treatments. In conclusion, IZ : OZ 500 : 500 levels could improve nutrient digestibility and zinc utilization in weaned piglets, Moreover, MFA in LP diets could be used as a zinc alternative.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate the signal transduction of phosphorylation sites at the carboxyl (C)-terminal region of equine luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (eLH/CGR). The eLH/CGR has a large extracellular domain of glycoprotein hormone receptors within the G protein-coupled receptors. We constructed a mutant (eLH/CGR-t656) of eLH/CGR, in which the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail was truncated at the Phe656 residue, through polymerase chain reaction. The eLH/CGR-t656 removed 14 potential phosphorylation sites in the intracellular C-terminal region. The plasmids were transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 and PathHunter Parental cells expressing β-arrestin, and agonist-induced cAMP responsiveness was analyzed. In CHO-K1 cells, those expressing eLH/CGR-t656 were lower than those expressing eLH/CGR wild-type (eLH/CGR-wt). The EC₅₀ of the eLH/CGR-t656 mutant was approximately 72.2% of the expression observed in eLH/CGR-wt. The maximal response in eLH/CGR-t656 also decreased to approximately 43% of that observed in eLH/CGR-wt. However, in PathHunter Parental cells, cAMP activity and maximal response of the eLH/CGR-t656 mutant were approximately 173.5% and 100.8%, respectively, of that of eLH/CGR-wt. These results provide evidence that the signal transduction of C-terminal phosphorylation in eLH/CGR plays a pivotal role in CHO-K1 cells. The cAMP level was recovered in PathHunter Parental cells expressing β-arrestin. We suggest that the signal transduction of the C-terminal region phosphorylation sites is remarkably different depending on the cells expressing β-arrestin in CHO-K1 cells.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.609-631
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• 2021

Let C[0, T] denote a generalized analogue of Wiener space, the space of real-valued continuous functions on the interval [0, T]. Define $Z_{\vec{e},n}$ : C[0, T] → ℝⁿ⁺¹ by $$Z_{\vec{e},n}(x)=\(x(0),\;{\int}_0^T\;e_1(t)dx(t),{\cdots},\;{\int}_0^T\;e_n(t)dx(t)\)$$, where e₁,…, e_n are of bounded variations on [0, T]. In this paper we derive a simple evaluation formula for Radon-Nikodym derivatives similar to the conditional expectations of functions on C[0, T] with the conditioning function $Z_{\vec{e},n}$ which has an initial weight and a kind of drift. As applications of the formula, we evaluate the Radon-Nikodym derivatives of various functions on C[0, T] which are of interested in Feynman integration theory and quantum mechanics. This work generalizes and simplifies the existing results, that is, the simple formulas with the conditioning functions related to the partitions of time interval [0, T].

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.11-12
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• 2008

Micron-sized Co-alloy T800 powder was coated on Inconel718 (IN718) using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying by the optimal coating process (OCP) determined from the best surface hardness of 16 coatings prepared by Taguchi program. The surface hardness improved 140-160 % from 399 Hv of IN718 to 560-630 Hv by the coating. Porosity of the coating was 1.0-2.7 %, strongly depending on spray parameters. Both friction coefficients (FC) and wear traces (WT) of the coating were smaller than those of IN718 substrate at both $25^{\circ}C$ and $538^{\circ}C$. FC and WT of IN718 and coating decreased with increasing the surface temperature. Tensile bond strength (TBS) and fracture location (FL) of Ti64/T800 were 8,770 psi and near middle of T800 coating respectively. TBS and FL of Ti64/NiCr/T800 were 8,740 psi and near middle of T800 coating respectively. This showed that cohesion of T800 coating was 8,740-8,770 psi, and adhesion of T800 on Ti64 and NiCr was stronger than the cohesion of T800.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin E and nanoparticle-sized vitamin E (NVE) in a broiler diet on growth performance, blood profiles, and meat quality. A total of 45 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers (initial body weight of 37.00 ± 0.41 g) were used in this experiment for 28 days. All broilers were randomly allocated into three dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. The dietary treatments were as follows: a basal diet (CON), a basal diet supplementing with 380 mg/kg of vitamin E (T1), and a basal diet supplementing with 380 mg/kg of NVE (T2). Each treatment had five replicates with three birds per cage. On days 0-7, the T1 and T2 groups significantly increased (P<0.05) body weight gain compared to the CON group. Also, the T1 and T2 groups significantly increased (P<0.05) vitamin E content in blood and breast meat compared to the CON group. In shearing force, the T2 group showed a lower tendency (P=0.070) than the CON group. The T1 group showed a higher tendency (P=0.086) in the b* (yellowness) value than the T2 group. On day 7 after the end of the experiment, the T2 group significantly decreased (P<0.05) TBA values compared to the CON group. In conclusion, supplementation with vitamin E or NVE can improve broiler growth performance in the starter period, reduce TBA value through the antioxidant action of vitamin E, prevent lipid oxidation, and improve shelf life.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1433-1435
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• 2000

Currently KERI is participating a project whose goal is to develop the Korean High-Speed Train(KHST) with maximum speed of 350kph. KERI's responsibility is the electrical system engineering that includes engineering design of an on-board computer system for diagnosis and control of train set and electrical/mechanical devices. A system engineering approach of the design is performed in order to guarantee the passenger safety and economically viable train for on-board control system construction, operation and maintenance. This paper presents the draft engineering des on-board computer system that ensures the s and reliability of KHST. The draft is focuse network interfaced distributed processing system.