• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.592-602
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• 2020

본 연구는 한국인 심혈관질환 발생에 기여하는 위험인자들의 기여도를 평가해보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 2005년~2013년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하였으며 30세~74세 대상자 중 심혈관질환 기왕력이 없고, 6개 위험인자 관련 응답이 모두 존재하는 20,012명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 자료 분석은 SAS 9.3으로 수행하였으며 가중치를 적용한 복합표본설계분석을 수행하였고 기여도는 준부분상관제곱분석(squared semi-partial correlation)을 적용하여 구하였다. 연구결과, 남성은 연령(63.9%), 흡연(17.3%), 수축기 혈압(7.9%), 당뇨병(6.9%), 고혈압 치료약물 복용(3.0%), 체질량지수(0.9%) 순이었으며, 반면 여성은 연령(54.1%), 수축기 혈압(23.5%), 당뇨병(13.6%), 고혈압 치료약물 복용(5.1%), 흡연(3.1%), 체질량지수(0.6%) 순이었다. 심혈관질환 발생 위험인자 중에서 연령이 남녀 모두에게 기여도가 가장 높았다. 연령대별 분석결과는 남성은 흡연(51.8~33.7%)이 전 연령대에서 가장 높은 위험인자였으며, 그 다음으로 30대는 연령(26.6%), 40대 이상은 수축기 혈압(17.3%~21.0%) 이었다. 여성은 수축기 혈압(56.2~40.5%)이 전 연령대에서 가장 높았으며 그 다음으로 30대는 연령(24.0%), 40대 이상은 당뇨병(13.6%~32.6%)이었다. 소득수준별로는 기여도에 큰 차이가 없었다. 본 연구결과 향후 심혈관질환 예방을 위해서는 어떤 위험인자를 중점 관리해야 하는지 확인할 수 있었다. 심혈관질환 발생 예방을 위해서는 위험인자의 기여도가 반영된 심혈관질환 예방·관리 프로그램이 개발되어야 하며, 본 연구결과에서 보여준 결과가 기초자료로 활용되기를 제안한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.980-991
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examnin the effect of slow stroke back massage(SSBM) on anxiety and immune response in patients undergoing open heart surgery and to compare the effect of 5-minutes with 10-minutes SSBM. Among the sixty-four patient subjects, twenty-one were one experimental group receiving massage for 10-minutes, twenty for the other experimental group receiving massage for 5-minutes and twenty-three for the control group. Subjects were admitted at Hospitals in Inchon and Puchon for open heart surgery. This study was carried out from October 10, 1997 to May 10, 1998. The levels of anxiety were measured by the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Trait anxiety scale, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, blood cortisol and the levels of immune response were measured by the blood T-lymphocyte and Natural killer cell. Study measurements were taken before and after SSBM on the 1st post operative day. Data were analyzed using x$^2$ test, oneway ANOVA, paired t-test, t-test and Pearson product moment correlation. The results were summarized as follows : 1. After SSBM, VAS anxiety level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those measurements before the SSBM. After SSBM, significant difference in the VAS anxiety level, systolic blood pressure and pulse rate between the experimental and control groups were found. 2. After SSBM, the blood cortisol of the experimental and control groups were increased significantly compared with before SSBM. But the significant difference in blood cortisol between the two groups was not found. 3. After SSBM, the blood T-lymphocyte percentages of the experimental and control groups were decreased signigicantly and blood Natural killer cell percentages of the two groups were increased compared with before SSBM. But significant difference in blood T-lymphocyte and Natural killer cell percentages between the two groups was not found. 4. Significant difference in VAS anxiety level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, blood cortisol, blood T-lymphocyte and Natural killer cell percentages between SSBM for 5 minutes and SSBM for 10 minutes were not found. Based upon the results, this study concludes that the slow stroke back massage for 5 minutes is a useful intervention that decreases anxiety and produces relaxation in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 1986

As patients on bed rest perform repeated Valsalva maneuver, it is necessary for them to prevent the-danger inherent in repeated Valsalva maneuver through intelligent rehabilitative nursing care. In this regard, it seems to be important to furnish a scientific rationale underlying rehabilitative nursing care. This study was undertaken to find the effects of repeated Valsalva maneuver upon circulation of nor-mal men. The subjects for this study were twenty normal and healthy college students of age from 19 to 26. For the first time, the ECG of standard 12 leads was recorded and the blood pressure was measured under the resting state. And the subjects performed Valsalva maneuver for 10 seconds, then expired air for 2 seconds. After the subjects carried out in this menner for 1 minute, the ECG and the blood pres-sure were recorded and measured again. The Changes of heartbeats, systolic and diastolic pressures after the practice of repeated Valsalva maneuver were compared with those of the letting state. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The heartbeats after the practice of repeated Valsalva maneuver generally increased but did not show statistical significance. 2. The systolic pressure measured after the practice of repeated Valsalva maneuver was higher than that of the resting state. 3. The diastolic pressure measured after the practice of repeated Valsalva maneuver was higher than that of the resting state.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2018

Blood pressure (BP) measurement plays a pivotal role in veterinary medicine for diagnosing cardiovascular disorders and monitoring anesthesia of animals. Although indirect BP measurement has been widely applied to monitor BP because of its convenience and non-invasiveness, it is still unclear whether indirect BP measurement is compatible with direct BP measurement in minipigs. In addition, the effect of animal posture during BP measurement is not well understood in minipigs despite its importance to cardiovascular performance. Therefore, both systolic and diastolic arterial BPs in minipigs were measured via femoral artery catheterization for direct BP measurement and using a compressive cuff as an indirect BP measurement under the dorsal or right lateral recumbent postures. Numerical values were processed by the Bland-Altman method to calculate the bias ${\pm}$ SD and the limits of agreement (LOA). In accordance with the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine guidelines, the results between direct and indirect BP measurements were determined as apparent disagreements in both systolic and diastolic arterial BPs under all postures because of large bias ${\pm}$ SD and wide LOA. The results of the present will help prevent misinterpretation of the anesthetized patient's condition during monitoring of BP by indirect measurement.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2001

Intake of soy protein the fisk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. This study was designed to effects of isoflavone supplementation on serum lipids in 16 hyperlipidemic postmenopausal women . For this purpose, an intervention study was conducted for 12 weeks. Subjects were healthy, free-living women consuming habitual diets with 0.3ｇ/ｄ of isoflavone. Food and nutrient intake was obtained by 24-hr recall method and anthropometric measurement were made. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol. HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were determined before and after the isoflavone supplementation. The results were summarized as follows. The average age, hight, weight and BMI of the subject were 65.3 years, 151.4 cm, 62.2 kg and 27.1, respectively. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were not reduced significantly with isoflavone supplementation. Total cholesterol (p＜0.001), HDL-C(p＜0.05), and LDL-C(p＜0.01) were significantly increased after isoflavone concentration. In conclusion, isoflavone supplementation was not effective to modify risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.579-593
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of foot massage on anxiety response in preoperative patients undergoing total hysterectomy. Among the fifty patients, twenty-five were the experimental group receiving foot massage for 10-minutes and twenty-five were the control group. Subjects were admitted to a hospital in Inchon city for total hysterectomy. This study was carried out from July 10th, to September 18th, 2000. The levels of anxiety were measured by the Visual Aanalogue Scale(VAS). State Anxiety Scale, blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration rate. Data were analyzed using $x^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test, unpaired t-test and ANCOVA with SPSS/pc program. The results were summarized as followings: 1. After foot massage, VAS anxiety level, state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those measurements before the foot massage. 2. After foot massage, significant differences in the VAS anxiety level, state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, pulse and respiration rate between the experimental and control groups were found. In conclusion, foot massage for 10 minutes is a useful nursing intervention that decreases anxiety in preoperative patients undergoing total hysterectomy.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.198-206
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• 2009

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify the prevalence of postprandial hypotension (PPH) and risk factors for PPH in Korean elderly people. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with community dwelling and nursing home residents. The blood pressure of 162 adults aged 65 yr or older was measured before meal as a baseline and then at 15 min intervals from immediately after the meal through 90 min after the meal. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression with the SPSS WIN 14.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: The prevalence of PPH was 29% and the PPH occurred immediately after the meal continuously through 90 min after the meal. The biggest drop in systolic blood pressure occurred at 45 min after the meal. Risk factors for PPH were age, base line systolic blood pressure, and presence of cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: To prevent side effects of PPH such as falls and syncope, nurses should provide careful management of PPH and prohibit activities until at least 90 min after a meal. We also recommend that risk of PPH should be included in fall prevention guidelines for elderly people.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2000

All clinical nurses are not only faced with the physical and emotional needs of patients but also exposed to the heavy workload. In clinical settings, the nurses' stress becomes more and more critical. Understanding the stress experienced by nurses is essential for planning programs to enhance patient care and to promote nurses health. Many methods to reduce the stress were practiced for patients. In this study, the investigator examined how the imagery influence the reducing the stress of clinical nurses. For this study, the recorded tape for imagery developed in the Society of Rheumatics was applied. In order to evaluate the effect of imagery on the stress of clinical nurse, stress score, serum cortisol, blood pressure, and pulse were measured on 20 clinical nurses for 20 days. The results were as follows: 1. Stress score decreased significantly in the experimental group. And the rate of decrease in stress score was significantly higher in experimental group than in the control group. 2. The level of serum cortisol decreased significantly after the application of imagery. 3. Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly after the application of imagery. These results indicate that after applying the method of imagery on the nurses, stress score, serum cortisol level, and systolic blood pressure were significantly decreased. Therefore, this study proves that imagery is one of the methods to reduce the stress of clinical nurses.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.346-353
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. The subjects were 390 out type 2 diabetic patients from beginning of March through the end of April in 2001, who visited at the endocrine center at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital of Catholic University in Seoul. The patients' clinical laboratory data were assessed at medical record review. The data were analyzed using for t-test and $\chi^2$ test. The results were as follows : 1. There were no significant differences in age, body mass index, family history of diabetes and hypoglycemic agents between normoalbuminuria group and microalbuminuria group. 2. The level of systolic blood pressure and creatinine of microalbuminuria group were higher than those of normoalbuminuria group. There were no significant differences in HbAlc, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein(a) and blood urea nitrogen between normoalbuminuria group and microalbuminuria group.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2007

Subway environments such as crowd, passenger's gab, or subway-generated mechanical noise may become a potential stressor. The present study was sought to determine whether subway noise with or without mental activity affects cerebral hemodynamics and sympathetic system. Fifty-four healthy volunteers were divided group I which underwent subway noise (n=24) and group II which underwent a combined mental activity (mental arithmetic) with subway noise (n=30). Sympathetic factors such as heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate-systolic pressure product (RPP), and mean blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCAV) were measured before (baseline), during and after the noise-exposure. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HR and RPP significantly increased in group II (P<0.05) but not in group I during the noise-exposure. Peak-MCAV, diastolic-MCAV and mean-MCAV in the both groups were elevated during the noise-exposure (P<0.05) and the increased ratios in group II were greater than those in group I. These results suggest that a combined mental activity with subway noise may be a stressor which affects cerebral hemodynamics and sympathetic system.