• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.555-561
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the factors related to stress perception. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 109 people living in Gimpo city from January 16 to April 15, 2013. The data were analyzed using SPSS window ver. 19.0(IBM CO., Armonk, NY, USA) for t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results : Men and group of 59 years old tended to have higher stress perception than women and those who over 60 years old, but the results were not statistically significant. Stress perception was higher among the group with systemic dryness and oral dryness(each${\geq}1$) and the group reporting high difficulty in daily living due to oral problem(${\geq}2$)(p<0.05). Especially, the factor that was most correlated to stress perception was systemic dryness(${\beta}$=0.347) followed by problem of daily living for oral problem(${\beta}$=0.278, p<0.01). Conclusions : Systemic dryness and oral problem can increase the level of stress perception, mouth dryness and oral problems are a part of stress responses. Therefore, the regular health checkup must be done and early treatment to reduce stress perception as well as negative aspects caused by stress. It will contribute to the enhancement of public health and life of quality.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.118-124
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• 2014

Background: The chronic pain can disturb physical, psychological, and social performances. Analgesic agents are widely used but some antidepressants (ADs) showed analgesia also. Bupropion is using for smoke cessation but it can change morphine withdrawal signs such as pain. This study tested the acute systemic effect of bupropion on formalin induced pain behavior in rats. Methods: Wistar male healthy rats were divided into 7 groups (control, sham, and 5 treated groups with 10, 30, 90, 120, and 200 mg/kg of bupropion, i.p.). The bupropion injected 3 hours prior to formalin induced pain behavior. Formalin (50 ${\mu}l$, 2.5%) was injected subcutaneously in dorsal region of right hindpaw in all animals. Nociceptive signs were observed continuously on-line and off-line each minute. Common pain scoring was used for pain assessment. Results: The analysis of data by one-way ANOVA showed that bupropion can reduce pain scores in the second phase but not in first phase. Bupropion decreased the licking/biting duration significantly in first and second phase of formalin test. Conclusions: The results showed that bupropion has analgesic effects at systemic application. The change of second phase of the pain behavior was significant and it revealed that central mechanisms involve in bupropion analgesia.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2007

Background: The multitude of the therapeutic usefulness of intra-articular injection of hyaluronate on oateoarthritis of the knee is still in question. The objective of this systemic review was to elucidate both the therapeutic efficacy and the safety of intra-articular administration of hyaluronic acid for degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee joints. Methods: I searched MEDLINE and Korea Medical Database (KMbase) from January 1990 to April 2007 using a combination search terms for knee osteoarthritis and hyaluronic acid and a filter for randomized controlled trials. I extracted data on pain at rest, and during or just after movement, on joint function, and on adverse events. Results: Ten trials that reported usable quantitative information on any of the predefined end points were identified and included in the systemic review. Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid can decrease symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee. The study revealed significant improvements in pain and functional outcomes with few adverse effects. However, there was significant between-study heterogeneity in the estimates of the efficacy of hyaluronic acid. Sub-group analysis showed that lower methodological quality such as a single-blind or single-center design resulted in higher estimates hyaluronic acid efficacy, and that patients older than sixty years of age and those with the most advanced radiographic stage of osteoarthritis were less likely to benefit from intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid. Conclusion: According to the currently available evidence, intra-articular hyaluronic acid has been proven clinically effective for the patients bearing the knee osteoarthritis with NSAID-induced GI troubles or inapplicable to any surgery, and may be associated with lower risk of adverse events.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.138-148
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• 2014

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small RNA molecules best known for their function in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Immunologically, miRNA regulates the differentiation and function of immune cells and its malfunction contributes to the development of various autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Over the last decade, accumulating researches provide evidence for the connection between dysregulated miRNA network and autoimmunity. Interruption of miRNA biogenesis machinery contributes to the abnormal T and B cell development and particularly a reduced suppressive function of regulatory T cells, leading to systemic autoimmune diseases. Additionally, multiple factors under autoimmune conditions interfere with miRNA generation via key miRNA processing enzymes, thus further skewing the miRNA expression profile. Indeed, several independent miRNA profiling studies reported significant differences between SLE patients and healthy controls. Despite the lack of a consistent expression pattern on individual dysregulated miRNAs in SLE among these studies, the aberrant expression of distinct groups of miRNAs causes overlapping functional outcomes including perturbed type I interferon signalling cascade, DNA hypomethylation and hyperactivation of T and B cells. The impact of specific miRNA-mediated regulation on function of major immune cells in lupus is also discussed. Although research on the clinical application of miRNAs is still immature, through an integrated approach with advances in next generation sequencing, novel tools in bioinformatics database analysis and new in vitro and in vivo models for functional evaluation, the diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of miRNAs may bring to fruition in the future.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.248-257
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationships of types of dental insurance coverage in Korea with sociodemographic characteristics and the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases, as well as to evaluate the socioeconomic impact of Korean dental insurance policies. Methods: Sample cohort data from 2006 to 2015 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The exposed group comprised patients who received insurance benefits for complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and implant care, while the control group comprised patients who did not receive these benefits. The type of insurance coverage and the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases were compared between the 2 groups. Results: Patients who received benefits in the form of complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and implants had similar sociodemographic characteristics in terms of sex, age, income quintile, and type of insurance coverage to the control group. The prevalence of hypertension, anemia, renal disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, and cerebral infarction was higher in the exposed group than in the control group (P<0.05). The prevalence of periodontal diseases and dental caries was also higher in the exposed group. Conclusions: Korean dental health insurance policy has been beneficial for the medical expenses of low-income and elderly people suffering from a cost burden due to systemic diseases. However, since there is a tendency to avoid invasive interventions in older patients due to the high risk of systemic diseases, insurance coverage of dentures may be more helpful from a socioeconomic perspective than coverage of dental implant treatments.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-20
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• 2008

Under the rubric of the new economy, a wide variety of economic and social phenomena have been identified and discussed since the 1990's. Most of the observations in the literature on the new economy are fragmented, casual, and anecdotal, not compiling to a whole picture of what the new economy is really about. Therefore, this study attempts to provide e-commerce companies with a better, more systematic understanding of the new economy and new economy phenomena as well as the implications of them in order to help them develop more effective business strategies. To provide a better understanding of the new economy phenomena, this article adopts system perspective as an overarching frame of reference for analysis. The systemic characteristics and behavior of the new economy is sought in five generic aspects of a system; 1) what are the entities that comprise the system, and how are they related to one another?; 2) how does the system function?; 3) what are the goods and services (output) that are generated and flow in the system?; 4) what is the value of those goods and services?; and 5) what are the collective, systemic quality and attributes of the system? Based upon the review and categorization, some essential characterizations are made for the five system aspects of the new economy. Such characterizations are interpreted as collectively enunciating the systemic characteristics and behavior of the new economy. The implications of the systemic under-standing of the new economy for business and firm strategy are discussed and some future research is suggested.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.607-615
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to assess the level of awareness regarding the relationship between systemic diseases and oral health and the importance of education related to this association among dental patients, as well as to identify factors that affect the awareness of the relationship and the perceived need for education. This study was conducted from June 2016 to February 2017. Subjects of this study included outpatients (20-60 years old) from a dental clinic, and only patients who agreed to the survey were included. A total of 110 subjects were included, but the final analysis was based on 92 questionnaires, excluding questionnaires that were inaccurate. Survey questionnaires were completed by self-report and face-to-face interviews with a dental hygienist. The questionnaires covered basic information, awareness of the association between general and oral health, and experience with, and need for education related to, this association. Among the subjects, 48.9% were aware of the association between systemic diseases and oral health. A total of 39.1% of subjects had received education regarding the relationship between systemic diseases and oral health. Subjects who visited dental clinics regularly were 3.94 times (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.21-12.84) more likely to be aware of the association between oral health and disease compared with subjects who made only irregular visits to dental clinics. In addition, experience or education was significantly associated with awareness of the relationship between oral health and disease (odds ratio [OR]: 4.64, 95% CI: 1.54-13.93) and the need for education (OR: 3.98, 95% CI: 1.20-13.12). Thus, the dental professionals should provide education on the relationship between oral health and systemic disease in dental clinics to improve patients' awareness and oral health behaviors. These results can be used to strengthen education in the dental clinic.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.371-379
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between quality of sleep and dental fear in implant surgery patients. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 153 implant patients from December 2012 to February 2013 in dental clinics and hospitals in Busan and Changwon. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis using SAS version 9.20. Results : The quality of sleep in the implant patients was $41.0{\pm}6.0$. The systemic diseases influenced on the quality of sleep and dental fear also affected the quality of sleep. Conclusions : The results of the analysis of a relationship between the fear perception of dental implant surgery patients and the quality of their sleep showed that the patients with systemic diseases, the patients with a fear by the physical stimulation relating to implant treatment showed the low quality of sleep.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find the factors influencing adolescents' adult media engagement. The study is based on Agnew's General Strain Theory (GST) and a micro-systemic perspective. Methods: The study examined 479 middle school freshmen who participated in the fourth wave of the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) conducted by National Youth Policy Institute. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and reliability analysis using SPSS 22.0 Ver. Also, hypothesis testing was performed via covariance-based structure equation modeling (CB-SEM) using Amos 21.0 Ver. Results: Strain factors had positive effects on adolescent depression, and depression had a positive effect on adult media engagement. Also, cell-phone dependency had a positive mediation effect between depression and adult media engagement. Conclusion: The study's result identified the factors affecting adult media engagement. Therefore, we suggest intervention programs considering adolescents' strains, depression and cell-phone dependency to improve their health.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7277-7280
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• 2014

This analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of carboplatin based chemotherapy in treating pediatric patients with Wilms tumors. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of carboplatin based regimens on response and safety for pediatric patients with Wilms tumors were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rates (RRs) of treatment were calculated. Results: In carboplatin based regimens, 4 clinical studies which including 127 patients with advanced Wilms tumors were considered eligible for inclusion. With this carboplatin based chemotherapy, 2 clinical studies included carboplatin, ifosfamide and etoposide. Systemic analysis suggested that, in all patients, the pooled PR was 64.5% (82/127) in carboplatin based regimens. Thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia were the main side effects. No grade III or IV renal or liver toxicity was observed. No treatment related death occurred with carboplatin based treatment. Conclusion: This systemic analysis suggests that carboplatine based regimens are associated with a reasonable response rate and accepted toxicities for treating pediatric patients with Wilms tumors.