• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.357-366
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• 2016

Pro-inflammatory cytokine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are modulated in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigated the effects of ibuprofen (IBU) on enhanced anxiety in a rat model of PTSD induced by a single prolonged stress (SPS) procedure. The effects of IBU on inflammation and BDNF modulation in the hippocampus and the mechanisms underlying for anxiolytic action of IBU were also investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given IBU (20 or 40 mg/kg, i.p., once daily) for 14 days. Daily IBU (40 mg/kg) administration significantly increased the number and duration of open arm visits in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, reduced the anxiety index in the EPM test, and increased the time spent in the center of an open field after SPS. IBU administration significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, $interleukin-1{\beta}$, and BDNF, in the hippocampus, as assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunohistochemistry. These findings suggest that IBU exerts a therapeutic effect on PTSD that might be at least partially mediated by alleviation of anxiety symptoms due to its anti-inflammatory activity and BDNF expression in the rat brain.

• Journal of Convergence Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-20
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• 2024

Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic feasibility using pulse parameters as a way to establish safe dose guidelines for Chunwangbosim-dan, and to provide a foundation for developing evidence-based guidelines for clinical use. Methods: Forty-one volunteers were recruited to participate in a study examining the changes in pulse wave characteristics following the ingestion of Chunwangbosim-dan, over a period of 2 weeks, and pulse wave measurements were taken before and after the administration. Pulse wave parameters were measured in this study using a 3-dimensional radial pulse tonometry device(DMP-Lifeplus). In addition, questionnaire, blood pressure, temperature, and body composition were also measured as secondary measures. Results: Fifteen minutes after administration of Chunwangbosim-dan, the non-adverse event group(non-AE) exhibited a statistically significant increase in several power and pressure-related parameters, including h1, h3, h4, h5, SA, PA and PW, while the adverse event group(AE) showed a trend of decreasing stroke volume and increasing Systemic Vascular Resistance Index(SVRI) and applied pressure. After 2 weeks of administration, non-adverse event group(non-AE) exhibited significant changes in standard deviation of pulse rate and HRV_LH ratio. Notably, there are significant differences between AE group and non-AE group in h4/h1, w/t, applied pressure, SV and pulse rate. Conclusion: These findings suggest that pulse parameters may be a useful way to establish safe dosing guidelines for Chunwangbosim-dan. Further research is needed to confirm these results and to develop evidence-based guidelines for clinical use.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2012

Objective: To report a fatal case of Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) in a patient with interstitial lung disease (ILD) on high-dose glucocorticoids. Case Summary: A 66-year-old man with a history of coniosis was transferred to the hospital with progressive cough and sputum production. This patient has been diagnosed with pneumonia and ILD on admission, requires antimicrobial therapy and systemic immunosuppressants. He received high dose of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide for ILD as well as ceftriaxone and azithromycin for pneumonia. On day 7 in the intensive care units (ICUs), patient had fever and leukocytosis, thus antimicrobials were switched to piperacillin. After 13 days in the ICU, Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were isolated on transtracheal aspirate (TTA) and meropenem was initiated. However, it was revealed a multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) species, resistant to carbapenem. Patient was administered colistin but expired due to septic shock on day 84. Discussion: Systemic immunosuppressive therapy can result in infections that may compromise patient's survival. MDR-AB has emerged as a serious cause of nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients. MDR-AB is resistant to most standard antimicrobials and therapeutic options are limited. Conclusion: We report our recent experience with a fatal MDR-AB pneumonia in a patient with ILD, who had to be treated with high dose glucocorticoids and immunosuppressnts.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.340-343
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• 2009

A 3-year-old, intact female Poong-san dog was presented with a 4-month history of erosive, erythematous dermatitis unresponsive to systemic antibiotics and glucocorticoids. Crust, erosion, and alopecia were noted on the ear pinnae, bridge of nose, and forelimb. Cytological evaluation of intact pustules showed isolated free-floating rounded acantholytic keratinocytes admixed with non-degenerated neutrophils and eosinophils. Results of histopathologic examination revealed the intra-epidermal pustules with predominant neutrophils, less eosinophils, and isolated and clustered acantholytic cells. A diagnosis of pemphigus foliaceus (PF) was made based on the history, clinical, cytological and histopathological results. The skin lesions had improved after systemic cyclosporine therapy. This case report demonstrates that cyclosporine, an immunosuppressive agent, can be used in the management of PF in dogs.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.468-479
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• 2018

Objectives: Recently, a report was published that the humidifier disinfectant CMIT/MIT did not cause developmental toxicity and was not detected in systemic circulation as a result of an inhalation toxicity test. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate any associations between CMIT/MIT exposure and developmental toxicity using the in vivo apical toxicity test method. Methods: Groups of pregnant ICR mice were instilled in the trachea with chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) using a visual instillobot over a period of seven days from days 11 to 17 days post-coitum. For the in vivo apical toxicity test method, an $LD_{50}$-based dose-range finding model was applied to decide the dose range for inducing developmental toxicity. Results: Among the groups of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg ai/kg/day CMIT/MIT, the exposure groups of 0.5 mg and 1.0 ai/kg/day CMIT/MIT were estimated to reflect the thresholds for the stillbirth and death of pregnant mice, respectively. The groups of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg ai/kg/day CMIT/MIT induced stillbirth rates of 2.57, 10, and 53.8%, respectively. Another exposure group of 0.75 mg ai/kg/day CMIT/MIT did not induce any deaths of pregnant mice and resulted in a stillbirth rate of 8% in only one of six pregnant mice. Conclusions: CMIT/MIT can induce stillbirth in pregnant mice. It was also concluded that CMIT/MIT moves through the pulmonary circulation system and then continues on through systemic circulation and the placenta. There is a possibility of stillbirth and other health causalities in humans beyond the lungs caused by CMIT/MIT exposure.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.111-114
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• 2017

Central serous chorioretinopathy may induce poor eyesight and serous retinal detachment. However, its exact cause has not been well established thus far. It can be associated with systemic high-dose corticosteroid treatment mainly for young and middle-aged men and may spontaneously regress or recur after withdrawal from corticosteroid. After corticosteroid administration for Behcet's disease, it is necessary to identify any ocular symptoms. Behcet's disease can lead to the development of ocular complications, such as uveitis, hypopyon, retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis, angiogenesis, secondary cataract, and glaucoma. It is possible to diagnose any of these complications via optical coherence tomography and digital indocyanine green angiography. It is easy to neglect an ocular symptom that may appear after a low-dose corticosteroid treatment as an ocular complication in patients with Behcet's disease. Thus, we report on a case concerning high-dose corticosteroid treatment with a literature review.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.123-148
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• 2011

The types and characteristics of the service business are various in the service process and product. So the communication and sharing for learning about experience and knowledge are very important. But up to the present, the academic and systemic research have not been activated in this field. Recently, the demand and supply in the service business are growing rapidly, the related researches by the scientific and systemic approach are required. In this study, the some research area discussed and suggested in the perspective of service innovation by the Ostrom's research(2010)'s category and suggestions mainly. In the service planning area, some research theme candidates, research trends, and examples are introduced in the categories of the fostering service infusion and growth, the improving well-being through transformative service, and the creating and maintaining a service culture. Also, in the service development area, various research theme candidates, trends, and suggestions are described in the categories of the stimulating service innovation, the enhancing service design, and the optimizing service networks and value chains.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 1996

The objective of this study was to determine whether 4-phenylazobezyloxycarbonyl-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-D-Arg (Pz-peptide), an enhancer of hydrophilic solute permeability in the intestine, could elevate the paracellular permeability of hydrophilic drugs across cornea and conjunctiva in the rabbit. The in-vitro penetration of hydrophilic drugs (mannitol, atenolol) and lipophilic drug (propranolol) across the rabbit cornea and conjunctiva was studied either in the presence or absence of 3 mM Pz-peptide. Drug penetration was evaluated using the modified Ussing chamber. The conjunctiva was more permeable than the cornea to all drugs. Pz-peptide showed enhanced effects on the drug transport across cornea and conjunctiva in a concentration dependent manner. Effects or ion transport inhibitor on the mannitol penetration were then investigated. Mannitol penetration was not changed by serosal addition of $100\;{\mu}M$ ouabain, suggesting that $Na^+/K^+$ ion tranporter was not involved in the Pz-peptide induced elevation of paracellular drug permeability. Furthermore, effects of Pz-peptide and EDTA on the transport of atenolol and propranolol into the ocular tissues or blood circulation after its administration into both eyes were investigated. EDTA showed enhanced effect on propranolol transport into the ocular tissues, but Pz-peptide did not show significant difference. Systemic absorption of propranolol by the addition of EDTA or Pz-peptide was not changed. On the other hand, EDTA and Pz-peptide elavated the atenolol transport into the ocular tissues. The transport of atenolol into the blood circulation was also enhanced by the addition of EDTA, but no effect was observed by the addition of Pz-peptide. The above findings suggest that Pz-peptide would be used as an paracellular pathway enahncer of hydrophilic drugs into the eye, without affecting the systemic absortion of topically applied opthalmic drugs.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2012

The process and product types of the service business are various. Though the communication and sharing for learning about experience and knowledge are very important, but up to the present, the academic and systemic research have not been activated in this field. Recently, the demand and supply in the service business are growing rapidly, the related researches by the scientific and systemic approach are required. In this study, based on the research of Ostrom's team (2010) which described the category and suggestions on the service innovation issues, in the service implementation area, some research theme candidates, research trends, and examples are introduced. In service implementation area, three theme are introduced such as Effectively branding and selling services, Enhancing the service experience through co-creation, Measuring and optimizing the value of service. Finally to the service strategy, development and implementation planning scopes, the theme of leveraging technology to advance service can be applied commonly.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.518-523
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• 2002

Administration of hot water extracts from Acanthopanax senticosus (GF-2) prophylactically and therapeutically inhibited the systemic anaphylactic shock induced by compound 48/80 in mouse. GF-2 significantly inhibited the production of histamine and eosinophyl in mouse serum through the injection of compound 48/80 in a dose-dependent manner. GF-2 inhibited dose dependently $TNF-{\alpha}$ production of peritoneal exudative cells activated by lipopolysaccharide. Intraperitoneal injection of GF-2 suppressed the production of IgG1 and IgE antibodies in mice immunized with a mixture of ovalbumin and aluminium hydroxide. These results suggest that GF-2 may be beneficial for the treatment of nonspecific and specific anaphylactic reactions and can be potentially applied to the treatment of allergic diseases.