• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.55-81
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore a budget-securing strategy to enable archival professionals in public institutions to continuously secure the budget for records management projects. This study is an analysis of the results of in-depth interviews with 14 archival professionals who have worked for public institutions and secured budgets for records management projects. As a result of the analysis, 4 upper categories and 10 categories are extracted as factors influencing budget securement. The top four categories are the job environment of archival professionals, umbrella organization and organizational culture, business and budget characteristics, and system and social environment. As the budget-securing strategy for archival professionals, a total of 3 categories and 13 strategic codes are derived. The three categories are utilizing individual-centered competencies, establishing organization-centered relationships, and finding external environment-centered triggers. This study emphasized the perspective of archival professionals and suggested implications such as the role of archival professionals and the direction of improvement in securing budgets.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.154-164
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to describe clinical nurses' lived experiences of workplace verbal violence through qualitative research using descriptive phenomenology. Methods: Six female Korean nurses who had less than 5 years of clinical experience and had experienced verbal violence in the workplace within the past year participated in the study. Data were collected through one-on-one in-depth interviews with the participants and analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: A total of 27 codes, eight themes, and four theme clusters were derived from the participants' statements. The four theme clusters of the clinical nurses' experiences of verbal violence in the workplace were as follows: "tip of the iceberg," "beyond me and my control," "fear and resignation," and "personal burden." The participants recognized that nurses experienced verbal violence daily, and that the causes of and responses to verbal violence were determined by external situational factors rather than nurses' individual problems. This suggests that nurses felt that they had no choice but to personally cope with verbal violence and bear the consequences due to systematic indifference and silence about verbal violence experienced by clinical nurses. Conclusion: The findings show that verbal violence was pervasive and unmerited, yet often endured at the cost of a personal burden to nurses. A clear definition of verbal violence and education for employees are needed, and a reporting system should be established to report all forms of violence regardless of the severity of the incident.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.19-19
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• 2001

Mammalian urothelium undergoes unique membrane specialization by making the asymmetric unit membrane (AUM) that is covered with the apical cell surface during terminal differentiation. The AUM contains several major integral membrane proteins including uroplakin Ia, Ib, II and III. The genes for uroplakins have been cloned from humans and mice, but not from porcine. In this study, we report the cloning of the UPII genomic DNA, which codes for the full length open reading frame for the uroplakin II protein. The deduced amino acid sequence encodes of a hydrophobic NH$_2$-terminal peptide, a prosequence, and a mature protein. The prosequence contains three potential N-glycosylation sites and a RGRR cleavage site that may be involved in uroplakin II processing and maturation. Northern and immunohistochemistry analyses showed that the porcine UPII gene is only expressed in urothelium and that the protein was specifically localized in urothelial superficial cells. A 2kb of upstream in the promoter sequence contains multiple transcription factor binding sites, including GC-box, SPI, AP2, and GATA-box sites, but not for TATA or CAAT-box sequences. Comparison of the porcine UPII promoter sequence with that of the murine by MEME system presented two conserved motifs, suggesting a cis-acting regulatory role for the conserved sequences. Sequence homology between two species in motif A and B was 79% and 80% respectively, although their relative locations were different. During the gestation, mouse bladder at estrus stages and day 10 after parturition showed higher UPII expression, while showed lower expression at peri-implantation stage. Taken together, our results showed that the porcine UPII gene was expressed highly and specifically in the bladder urothelium and that steroid hormones for implantation changed the expression of UPII in the bladder, although the biological significance of UPII remains to be not determined.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.183-188
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• 2023

Game object inheritance and multiple components allow for visualization of system architecture, good code reuse, and fast prototyping. On the other hand, objects are more likely to rely on high latency between game objects and components, static casts, and lots of references to things like null pointers. Therefore, It is important to design a game in such a way so that the dependency of objects on multiple classes could be reduced and existing codes could be reused. Therefore, we designed the game to make the classes more modular by applying Dependency Injection and the design patterns proposed by the Gang of Four. Since these dependencies are attributes of the game object and the injection occurs only in the initialization pass, there is little performance degradation or performance penalty in the game loop. Therefore, this paper proposed an efficient design method to effectively reuse APIs in the design and implementation of survival games.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2023

Objectives: National health insurance herbal prescription of Korean medicine has been serving important role in public healthcare in spite of continuous demand on revision of system. However, the categories of insurance herbal prescriptions are not equally distributed throughout the KCD-based major disease categories. We analyzed statistical database of claimed national health insurance classified as major disease categories by years. We classified all 56 herbal prescriptions as per their total medical indications into 22 major disease categories to analyze their distribution. Significant increase of M and S-T code claims were found, whereas decrease of U code claims by years. We figured out that the 56 prescriptions were unequally distributed along with enrichment of certain codes such as K and J. Meanwhile, the insurance claim of each prescription was positively correlated with number of code types of their indications. As a result, we believe that the reform of national health insurance herbal prescription list is necessary to promote use of it in clinic.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1651-1664
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• 2023

It is very difficult to capture the multi-dimensional phenomena such as asymmetric flow and temperature distributions with the one-dimensional (1D) model, obviously, due to its inherent limitation. In order to overcome such a limitation of the 1D representation, many state-of-the-art system codes have equipped a three-dimensional (3D) component for multi-dimensional analysis capability. In this study, a standard multi-dimensional analysis model of APR1400 (Advanced Power Reactor 1400) has been developed using TRACE (TRAC/RELAP Advanced Computational Engine). The entire reactor pressure vessel (RPV) of APR1400 has been modeled using a single 3D component. The fuels in the reactor core have been described with detailed and coarse representations, respectively, to figure out the impact of the fuel description. Using both 3D RPV models, a comparative analysis has been performed postulating a double-ended guillotine break at a cold leg. Based on the results of comparative analysis, it is revealed that both models show no significant difference in general plant behavior and the model with coarse fuel model could be used for faster transient analysis without reactor kinetics coupling. The analysis indicates that the asymmetric temperature and flow distributions are captured during the transient, and such nonuniform distributions contribute to asymmetric quenching behaviors during blowdown and reflood phases. Such asymmetries are directly connected to the figure of merits in the LBLOCA analysis. Therefore, it is recommended to employ a multi-dimensional RPV model with a detailed fuel description for a realistic safety analysis with the consideration of the spatial configuration of the reactor core.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1592-1598
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• 2022

This paper proposes an improvement system for the marginalized digital underprivileged of these services due to the lack of intuition and usability for the recently increasing number of unmanned ordering devices' interfaces and device environments. The problem with kiosk service is that it lacks intuition among design principles and cannot be used by wheelchair passengers in environments that meet general standing standards. To solve this problem, we propose a service that can use kiosk-like environments on mobile devices by photographing QR codes with mobile devices. As a result of the experiment, people in their 20s did not experience difficulties in using the existing kiosk model, but in the case of the elderly, it was difficult to use the kiosk, so they asked for help. The improved kiosk model was carried out in their 20s without difficulty, and the results showed that it was carried out without difficulty even in the case of the elderly.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.85-93
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• 2023

Software birthmark refers to a unique feature inherent in software that can be extracted from program binaries even in the absence of the original source code of the program. Like human genetic information, the similarity between programs can be calculated numerically, so it can be used to determine whether software is stolen or copied. In this paper, we propose a new birthmark technique for Android applications developed using Unity. The source codes of Unity-based Android applications use C# language, and since the core logic of the program is included in the DLL module, it must be approached in a different way from normal Android applications. In this paper, a Unity birthmark extraction and comparison system was implemented, and reliability and resilience were evaluated. The use of the Unity birthmark technique proposed in this paper is expected to be effective in preventing illegal copy or code theft of the Unity-based Android applications.

• Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.12-17
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• 2014

With a rapid growth of domestic industry in korea, now about 25,000 kinds of chemicals are being distributed, and it has been known that just about 15% of them has toxic substances. Recently, South Koreans have an anxiety about the stability and accidents of chemicals because chemical accidents like Gumi hydrofluoric acid accident have occurred. The U.S. has adopted the systems like EPCRA (Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act), TRI (Toxic Release Inventory) and TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act), and is also managing the hazardous chemicals by providing the information about them to its people and site workers. Japan's Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare also has adopted J-CHECK system and is implementing it to let Japanese people know the information of safety of chemicals about REACH. However, the Korean government has a difficult situation to mediate the different idea with the Korean industry to make lower statute of Pre-legislation registration & evaluation of chemicals that will be implemented and Chemical Material Control Association that is being implemented. Especially city and country areas located in the industrial areas need political improvement focusing on vulnerable area through the check about current situation of hazardous chemicals of jurisdiction and management method, but the information about the management situation of small scale work places is insufficient. Therefore this study set up the urgent management area in Ansan Smart Hub through NFPA code according to the types of accident and dander characteristics of each chemical being used in the companies that have less than 50 workers and deal with chemicals located in Ansan Smart Hub in Gyeonggi-do.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2022

One of the objectives to prevent building pounding between two adjacentstructures is to considerseparation distance or decrease relative displacement during seismic excitation. Although the majority of building codes around the world have basically suggested some equations or approximately recommended various distances between structuresto avoid pounding hazard, but a lot of reportsin zone of pounding have obviously shown thatsafety situation or economic consideration are not always provided due to the collisions between buildings and the cost of land, respectively. For this purpose, a dynamic MDOF model by having base isolation system is numerically considered and using various earthquake records, relative displacements are mathematically investigated. Different equations to determine the value of damping ratio are collected and the results of evaluations are listed for comparison among them to present a new equation for determination of impact damping ratio. Presented equation is depends significantly on impact velocity before and after impact based on artificial neural network, which the accuracy of them is investigated and also confirmed. In order to select the optimum equation, hysteresisloop of impact between base of building and rubber bumper is considered and compared with the hysteresis loop of each impact, calculated by different equations. Finally, using representative equation, the effect of thickness, number and stiffness of rubber bumpers are numerically investigated. The results of analysis indicate that stiffness and number of bumpers have significantly affected in zone of impact force while the thickness of bumpers have not shown significant influence to calculate impact force during earthquake. For instance, increasing the number of bumpers, gap size between structures and also the value of stiffness is caused to decrease impact force between models. The final evaluation demonstrates that bumpers are able to decrease peak lateral displacement of top story during impact.