• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.337-341
• /
• 2005

This study was undertaken to clerify the cytotoxic effect of syringic acid by colorimetric assay on human cancer cells. For the evaluation of cytotoxicity of syringic acid, the cell viability and cell adhesion activity of syringic acid on cancer cells, human oral epithelioid carcinoma cells were determined using by colorimetric assays such as MTT (3-[4,5­dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and XTT (2,3-bis-[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]­2H-tetrazolium-5-caboxanilide) assay, respectively after human oral epithelioid carcinoma cells were treated with syringic acid for 48 hours. In this study, the cell viability of syringic acid on human oral epithelioid carcinoma cells showed a significant decrease by MTT assay compared with control, and also, the cell adhesion activity by XTT assay was decreased significantly in these cells after cells were treated with various concentrations of syringic acid for 48 hours. $MTT_{50}\;and\;XTT_{50}\;were\;282.3\;{\mu}M\;and\;418.8{\mu}M$ syringic acid, respectively. These results suggest that syringic acid shows midcytotoxic effect on human oral epithelioid carcinoma cells by the decreasement of the cell viability and the cell adehision activity assessed by colorimetric assay in these cultures.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.263-268
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of phenolic compound on normal NIH 3T3 fibrolasts. The colorimetric assay for phenol compound, syringic acid was performed by MTT assay or XTT assay. MTT or XTT assays are known as a very sensitive method in measuring the cytotoxic effect of chemical agents in vitro. In the present study, syringic acid on normal Nlli 3T3 fibroblasts did not show any cytotoxicity for MTT assay or XTT assay compared with control after cells were treated with various concentrations of syringic acid for 48 hours. MTT/sub 50/ and XTT/sub 50/ were 3,340.9 μM and 2,462.4 μM of syringic acid, respectively. From the above the results, it is suggested that phenolic compound of syringic acid did not have any cytotoxicity on normal NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of substituted groups in phenolic compounds to develop an anticancer agent having strong cytotoxicity against cancer cells but weak against normal cells. The phenolic compounds used in this study were gallic acid and ferulic acid with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, syringic acid with hydroxyl, carboxyl and methoxy groups, and pyre-gallol with hydroxyl groups. Cytotoxicities of these compounds were evaluated by MTT assay for cell viability and XTT assay for cell adhesion activity in normal human skin fibroblast (Detroit 551) and human skin melanoma (SK-MEL-3) cells. Syringic acid, gallic acid and ferulic acid decreased the cell viability and cell adhesion activity in SK-MEL-3 cells but not in Detroit 551 cells while pyrogallol decreased in both cells. The susceptibility of cell viability based on the $IC_{50}$ values of MTT assay in Detroit 551 cells was in the following order: pyrogallol > gallic acid > ferulic acid > syringic acid, while it was in SK-MEL-3 cells: Syringic acid > progallol > ferulic acid > gallic acid. These results suggest that carboxyl and methoxy groups of these compounds play an important role in selectivity of cytotoxicity in normal and cancer cells.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.168-174
• /
• 1986

보리쌀중의 phenol 화합물 을 분리.확인하고 그 phen이 화합물의 추출액과 각 phenol 화합물이 Saccharomyces cerevlszae의 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. GLC로 분석한 결과, 보리쌀 중에는 cinnamic, protoca techuic, ferullic, sinapic. vanillic, syringic, gallic acid의 7 종이 분리.학인되었으며 그 중에서 sinapic, ferulic, cinnamic, prot toca techuic acid가 많이 존재 하는 편이였고 vanillic, syringic, gallic acid가 적게 존재하는 편이었다. Phenol 화합물의 추출액은 total phenol함량으로 100 ppm이상에서 Saccharomyces cerevisiae의 생육을 24시간 까지는 억제했으나 48시간 이후에는 억제하지 않았다. 분리.확인된 각 phen이 화합물 중에서 cinnamic, ferulic, vanillic acid는 효모의 생육을 전반적으로 억제했으며 그 중에서 cinnamic acid의 억제효과가 가장 컸다. Syringic acid는 생육초기에만 억제했으며 sinapic acid와 protocatechuic acid는 저농도에서 다소 촉진하는 것으로 나타났고 gallic acid는 생육에 별 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.6-10
• /
• 2005

불로 구기의 부위별 열매, 잎, 뿌리의 라디칼 소거 효과를 연구하였다 총 페놀함량은 불로 구기열매, 잎, 뿌리에서 각각 $1,078.4{\pm}61.0mg/L$, $939.9{\pm}19.8mg/L$, and $3,792.2{\pm}106.6mg/L$의 함량은 나타내었으며 총 플라보노이드 함량은 구기열매, 잎, 뿌리에서 각각 $396.7{\pm}15.2$, $1,952.9{\pm}21.3$, and $425.3{\pm}13.5mg/L$의 함량을 나타내었다(p<0.001) 열매에서는 p-coumaric acid 0.018 mg/100g, syringic acid 0.006 mg/100g이 검출되었고, 잎에서는 p-coumaric acid 0.068 mg/100g, syringic acid 0.064 mg/100 mg, procatechuic acid 0.05 mg/100 mg이 검출되었다. 뿌리에는 p-coumaric acid 0.178 mg/100 mg, syringic acid 0.046 mg/100 mg, caffeic acid 0.043 mg/100 g과 procatechuic acid 0.022 mg/100 mg이 검출되었다. 불로구기의 주요 폴리페놀 성분들은 p-coumaric acid과 syringic acid이었으며 잎에서는 열매에서 확인되지 않은 caffeic acid가 뿌리에서는 caffeic acid procatechuic acid 성분이 함유되어 있었다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 뿌리 0.29 mg/100 g, 잎 0.18 mg/100 g, 열매 0.03 mg/100 g의 순으로 뿌리에 가장 많이 함유되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 불로 구기의 부위별 superoxide anion radical 소거능력은 잎, 뿌리, 구기열매가 각각 $60{\pm}0.1%$, $47.7{\pm}0.1%$, $21.6{\pm}0.1%$의 순으로 잎에서 가 장 높은 소거효과가 나타났으며, hydroxyl radical 소거능력은 superoxide anion radical 소거능력에 비해 효과가 약하나 뿌리에서 $34.6{\pm}0.1%$로 높은 소거효과를 나타내었다(p<0.001).

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2009

Purpose : The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the phenol compound-cold therapy plus exercise therapy on the carrageenan(CAR)-induced muscle pain. Method : Mice were injected 0.1ml of 2% CAR into the gastrocmemius(GAS) muscle for the induction of muscle pain. After 4 hours from the injection of CAR, the cold therapy with 1% syringic acid was done to GAS muscle. After 2 hours from cold therapy, the exercise therapy such as muscle stretching, climing- and declining-movements was performed three times interval of 10 minutes in each experimental group. After 4, 10 and 24 hours from CAR-induced muscle pain, the measurements of muscle diameter, paw withdrawal latency(PWL) and, tail flick latency(TFL) were carried out. Results : In this study, the thickness of GAS muscle in CAR-induced muscle pain significantly increased compared with control. While, the thickness of GAS muscle adopted cold syringic acid-therapy with exercise-therapy group was significantly decreased than that of CAR-induced muscle pain. In the measurements of PWL and TFL, cold syringic acid-therapy with exercise-therapy group was remarkably increased than CAR-induced muscle pain group in PWL and TFL. All measurements were showed significantly different between the treated-group and the treated-time. Conclusions : From these results, it is suggested that the cold syringic acid-therapy with exercise-therapy such as muscle stretching, climing- and declining-movement was effective in the prevention of CAR-induced muscle pain by the decrease of muscle thickness and the increase of PWL and TFL.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.389-393
• /
• 1994

Eight aromatic acids in Panax ginseng were determined by GC. Ultra-1 $(25\;m{\times}0.2\;mm{\times}0.33\;{\mu}M)$ capillary column was employed with temperature programming from $150^{\circ}C$ to $240^{\circ}C$ at a rate of $3^{\circ}C/min$. The mean contents of eight aromatic acids in 8 white ginseng samples were as follows; salicylic acid: 4.30 ppm, cinnamic acid: 18.2 ppm, vanillic acid: 4.22 ppm, gentisic acid: trace, syringic acid: 6.69 ppm, p-coumaric acid: 13.3 ppm, ferulic acid : 21.9 ppm, caffeic acid: 24.3 ppm, respectively.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.86-91
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this was to investigate the degradation efficiency of phenol compounds(catechol, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid) by Streptomyces halstedii scabies SAI-36, Streptomyces avendulas SA2-14, and Strptomyces badius(ATCC 39117, control group). The results were as follows: Catechol showed the degradation efficiency that is lower than 50% in three strains. Ferulic acid and vanillic acid showed high degradation efficiency of 98.8% and 94.5% respectively by Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14. protocatechuic acid and syringicacid showed high degradation efficiency of 89.6% and 77.9%. The degradation efficiency of catechol by Streptomyces halstedii scabies SAI-36, Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 and Streptomyces badius(ATCC 39117) was low as 49.2%, 40.2% and 20.2% respectively. But the degradation of other phenolic compoumds except catechol by Streptomyces laven-dulas SA2-36 and Streptomyces badius(ATCC 39117). The results demonstrated that two experimental strains are superior ability to control group in degradation of phenol compounds and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 was superior of two experimental strain. This results were consistent with previous research results that Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 was the best strain in degradation ability for lignin, decoloration abilities for variousdyes, and various enzyme production abilities. Therefore, it is suggested that lignin can be used as a indicator when selecting Actinomycetes for degradation of non-degradable materials such as phenol compounds.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.185-189
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the structure of antioxidative constituents and the free radical scavenging effect of the main ingredients from Galla Rhois(Rhus javanica Linne). Antioxidative activities of n-hexane, EtOAc and BuOH extracts of Galla Rhois were similar or even higher than that of natural (tocopherol) or synthetic antioxidant (BHA). It is suggested that major fractions for the antioxidative activity of Galla Rhois were the n-hexane, EtOAc and BuOH extract compartments. In the subsequently experiment, one active compound from n-hexane extract, three active compounds from EtOAc extract and one active compound from BuOH extract were isolated. Their chemical structures were identified as syringic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid methylester, gallic acid and $1,2,3,4,6- penta-O-galloyl-{\beta}-D-glucose$ on the basis of the speculation of spectral data and chemical reaction. Among the compounds, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid methylester and $1,2,3,4,6- penta-O-galloyl-{\beta}-D-glucose$ showed most potent radical scavenging effect using DPPH method.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.151-155
• /
• 2009

Phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract of the aerial parts of Geranium eriostemon resulted in the isolation of one triterpene, three furofuran lignans, one syringic acid and four flavonoids. Their chemical structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods to be oleanolic acid (1), (-)-kobusin (2), (-)-eudesmin (3), (+)-magnolin (4), syringic acid (5), quercetin (6), juglanin (7), juglalin (8), and hyperin (9). All compounds (1 - 9) were isolated for the first time from this plant source and the compounds 2 - 4 were reported first from the genus Geranium. Compounds 4 - 6 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines in vitro using a SRB bioassay.