• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.38-57
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• 2024

This study utilizes social big data to investigate the factors influencing the awareness, attitude, and behavior toward vegan fashion consumption among global and Korean consumers. Social media posts containing the keyword "vegan fashion" were gathered, and meaningful discourse patterns were identified using semantic network analysis and sentiment analysis. The study revealed that diverse factors guide the purchase of vegan fashion products within global consumer groups, while among Korean consumers, the predominant discourse involved the concepts of veganism and ethics, indicating a heightened awareness of vegan fashion. The research then delved into the factors underpinning awareness (comprehension of animal exploitation, environmental concerns, and alternative materials), attitudes (both positive and negative), and behaviors (exploration, rejection, advocacy, purchase decisions, recommendations, utilization, and disposal). Global consumers placed great significance on product-related information, whereas Korean consumers prioritized ethical integrity and reasonable pricing. In addition, environmental issues stemming from synthetic fibers emerged as a significant factor influencing the awareness, attitude, and behavior regarding vegan fashion consumption. Further, this study confirmed the potential presence of cultural disparities influencing overall awareness, attitude, and behavior concerning the acceptance of vegan fashion, and offers insights into vegan fashion marketing strategies tailored to specific cultures, aiming to provide vegan fashion companies and brands with a deeper understanding of their consumer base.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.277-286
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• 2003

Nitrification performance of fixed film biofilters using coarse sand, loess bead, or styrofoam beads in biofilter columns 1 meter high and 30cm in diameter were studied at different hydraulic and organic matter loading rates. Synthetic wastewater was supplied to the culture tank in order to maintain desired TAN concentrations in inlet water to biofilters. All the biofilters were conditioned 5 months before start of sampling. TAN and $NO_2-N$ conversion rates increased with an increase in the hydraulic loading rate (HLR). However, the improvement in biofilter performance was not linearly correlated to HLR in styrofoam bead filters. This is mainly due to the characteristics of the styrofoam beads used. TAN conversion rates of sand filters increased with the increase of HLR up to $200m^3/m^2$. per day. No increase in the TAN conversion rate was observed at the highest HLR since flooding on the media surface took place. HLR had a significant impact on the TAN conversion rates in loess bead filter up to the highest HLR tested (P<0.05). TAN conversion rates were much less at organic matter loading rates of 9 and 18kg $O_2/m^3$ per day than those without the addition of organic matter in styrofoam bead filters. The addition of glucose resulted in a reduction of the TAN conversion rate from 540 to 284g $TAN/m^3$ per day. No significant difference of TAN conversion rates between the two organic matter loading rates was found (p<0.05). This indicates that the impact of organic matter on nitrification becomes less and less sensitive with an increase in the COD/TAN ratio. At an organic matter loading rate of 9kg $O_2/m^3$. per day, a great reduction of TAN conversion rates was observed in sand filters and loess bead filters. Clearly, organic matter can be one of the most Important Impacting factors on nitrification. $NO_2-N$ conversion rates showed a similar trend for TAN. Based on the TAN and nitrite conversion rates, styrofoam beads showed the best performance among the three filter media tested. Also, the low gravity and price of styrofoam beads make the handling easier and more cost-effective for commercial application. The results obtained at the highest organic matter loading rates can be used in the biofilter design in recirculating aquaculture system.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2013

The one-way wave equation migration is much more computationally efficient comparing with reverse time migration and it can provide better image than the migration algorithm based on the ray theory. We have developed the prestack depth migration module adopting (GS) propagator designed for vertical transverse isotropic media. Since GS propagator considers the higher-order term by expanding the Taylor series of the vertical slowness in the thin slab of the phase-screen propagator, the GS migration can offer more correct image for the complex subsurface with large lateral velocity variation or steep dip. To verify the validity of the developed GS migration module, we analyzed the accuracy with the order of the GS propagator for VTI media (GSVTI propagator) and confirmed that the accuracy of the wavefield propagation with the wide angles increases as the order of the GS propagator increases. Using the synthetic seismic data, we compared the migration results obtained from the isotropic GS migration module with the anisotropic GS migration module. The results show that the anisotropic GS migration provides better images and the improvement is more evident on steeply dipping structures and in a strongly anisotropic medium.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.185-197
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• 2022

Recently, deep learning networks with high performance for object recognition are emerging. In the case of object recognition using deep learning, it is important to build a training data set to improve performance. To build a data set, we need to collect and label the images. This process requires a lot of time and manpower. For this reason, open data sets are used. However, there are objects that do not have large open data sets. One of them is data required for license plate detection and recognition. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an artificial license plate generator system that can create large data sets by minimizing images. In addition, the detection rate according to the artificial license plate arrangement structure was analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the best layout structure was FVC_III and B, and the most suitable network was D2Det. Although the artificial data set performance was 2-3% lower than that of the actual data set, the time to build the artificial data was about 11 times faster than the time to build the actual data set, proving that it is a time-efficient data set building system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.483-490
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• 2009

The aims of this study were to evaluate the removal efficiency for various pollutants in urban storm runoff by a filtration device, and to determine design parameters depending on filter media properties. Appropriate selection of filter media will affect the size and life time of the filtration device. Sets of column tests were performed in order to evaluate the removal efficiency by perlite and a synthetic resin. An investigation of surface properties including CEC (cation exchange capacity) and zeta-potential suggested that the perlite had a superior adsorption capability for cationic pollutants. TCODcr and turbidity were analyzed to investigate the removal characteristic of particulate pollutant. In both columns, the particles in the collected storm runoff was almost completely capture with a small EBCT (empty bed contact time) of 2.5 minutes. Complete clogging at the EBCT of 2.5 minutes occurred after 630 minutes in the perlite column and 810 minutes in the resin column. The removal efficiency of TCODcr and turbidity at the EBCT of 2.5 minutes decreased to below 70% due to an wall effect. The removal efficiency for dissolved pollutant (SCODcr) was negligible due to the insufficient contact time for adsorption. The removal of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb) was mostly ascribed to the filtration of particles containing metals, since the relationship between CEC and the removal efficiency was not apparent. The result of this study would be valuable for the application of filtration device to control of urban storm runoff.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.106-113
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• 2005

This study was carried out to develop a novel hydroponic medium far fruit vegetable crops by using waste synthetic fibers. In physical analysis of the synthetic fiber medium (SFM), the bulk density and percent solid phase were lower, while the porosity and water content were greater in comparison with the rockwool slab. The SFM had pH of 6.5 and EC of $0.03dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ both of which are similar to those of the rockwool slab. The CEC of 0.39me/100mL of the SFM was lower than compared with 3.29me/100mL of the rockwool slab. However, concentrations K, Ca, Mg and Na were slightly higher in the SFM than those in the rockwool slab. The 'Momotaro' tomato crop in the SFM gave comparable plant height, stem diameter, days to first flowering, fruit weight and percent marketable yield as the rockwool slab. In the SFM and in the rockwool slab, mean fiuit weight were 182g and 181g, percent marketable yield were $93.8\%$ and $92.0\%$, respectively. The marketable yield per 10a in the SFM was 12,799 kg, which was $97\%$ of that in the rockwool slab. Growth parameters such as leaf length and width, leaf number, stem diameter and chlorophyll content of an exportable cucumber crop grown in the SFM and the rockwool slab were not different. Fruit weight was greater in the rockwool slab, while percent marketable yield was greater in the SFM. The marketable fruit yield per 10a of 5,062kg in the SFM was $2\%$ greater than that in the rockwool slab. $NO_3$ concentration in nutrient solution during the crop cultivation was higher in the SFM than in the rockwool slab, while concentrations $NH_4$, K, Ca, Mg and $SO_4$ were not different between the two media.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the possibility of water purification by a wild train of Oenanthe javanica DC. Three commercially available dishwashing detergents and a standard surfactant, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), were used for this study. The experiment was done in 1.5 ι transluscent aquariums. The plants were distributed into various concentrations of detergents and various kinds of detergent in the separate aquariums. The wet weight of the plants was significantly decreased (p<0.05), and the visual vitality of the plants also decreased in 2 days. The higher the concentration of detergent was, and the more time the plants were exposed to the detergents, the more decrease of growth was observed. The pH value of the culture media decreased in 2 days and in 4 days, then slightly increased in 6 days. However, the pH value of the media did not return to the initial neutral level of pH in 6 days. The pH value of the culture media containing the LAS remarkably increased in 6 days and increased to a neutral pH value in 18 days (p<0.01) as the pH of the other culture media. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the culture media gradually increased over the 4 days. A decrease of COD was observed in 6 days, but no tendency was observed between 12 and 18 days. The detergent in the culture media was highly significantly decreased in 2 days (p<0.01) and gradually decreased after this. After 6 days the remaining detergent was 12.4∼23.7% from the various levels of initially added concentration, and 22.4 ∼34.2% from the flour kinds of detergents. These results show that the reduction of detergent was caused by Oenanthe javanica and the effect was significant during the first 6 days when the plants were still growing well. These results indicate that the plant purifies contaminated water for several days and the effect could be variable according to the level of contamination and the environment in which the plant grows.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.17-20
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• 2020

Developing effective and earth-abundant electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is critical for the commercialization of a water splitting system. In particular, the overpotential of the OER is relatively higher than the HER, and thus, it is considered that one of the important methods to enhance the performance of the electrocatalyst is to reduce the overpotential of the OER. In this work, we present a simple synthetic route for triple perovskite Nd_1.5Ba_1.5CoFeMnO_x with high performance OER and HER activity. This triple perovskite structure which shows high crystallinity through combustion method shows superior bifunctional catalytic performance in alkaline media. We believe that the prepared triple provskite with high performance OER and HER activity can give further feasibility for the commercialization of a water splitting system.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.2 s.89
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• pp.94-99
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• 1999

For the purpose of utilizing cellulose resources by cellulolytic enzymes of Stropharia rugosoannulata, it's cultural conditions for the prodution of cellulolytic enzymes in synthetic media were investigated. The optimum pH for the production of Avicelase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was pH 5.0, while that of CMCase was pH 4.0. The optimum temperature for the production of Avicelase, CMCase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was $40^{\circ}C$. Among the carbon sources, xylose was good for the production of CMCase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$, but maltose was good for the production of Avicelase. The optimum concentration of the carbon sources for the production of CMCase, Avicelase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was 1.0, 0.8 and 1.1%, respectively. As inorganic nitrogen sources, $NH_4Cl$ was good for the production of all the three cellulolytic enzymes. The optimum concentration of $NH_4Cl$ for the production of CMCase was 0.3% while that of Avicelase and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was 0.4%. As organic nitrogen sources, malt extract was good for the production of all the three cellulolytic enzymes. The optimum concentration of organic nitrogen for the production of ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was 1.3% while that of CMCase and Avicelase was 1.0%. As the mineral sources, $CoCl_2$ good for the was good for the production of all the three cellulolytic enzymes. The optimum concentration of $CoCl_2$ for the production of all the three enzymes was 0.35%.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.25 no.4 s.83
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• pp.369-376
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• 1997

These researches were carried out for improvement of medium for mycelial growth of Hericium erinaceus isolate KU-1. It grew well at pH 4 and $25^{\circ}C$. Glucose and sucrose were favorable carbon sources for mycelial growth. As nitrogen sources, ammonium acetate and arginine enhanced mycelial growth. Optimum C/N ratio was 200. Based On the results, the following recipe is suggested for synthetic medium for the mycelial growth: glucose 18.02 g, arginine 2.613 g, ammonium acetate 2.313 g, $CaCl_2\;0.33\;g$, $KH_2PO_4\;8.5\;g$, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;2.0\;g$, $FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;0.02\;g$, $ZnSO_4{cdot}7H_2O\;0.02\;g$, $MnSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;0.02\;g$, water 1 liter. This medium was superior for the mycelial growth to other conventional media such as Yeast malt extract agar (YMA), Park medium, Potato dextrose agar (PDA), Malt extract agar, Czapek-dox agar, Macaya-lizano medium and Yeast extract agar. This new synthetic medium is designated as Ko medium.